A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults

Lea Benedicte Skov Hansen; Henrik Munch Roager; Nadja Buus Søndertoft; Rikke Juul Gøbel; Mette Bredal Kristensen; Mireia Vallès-Colomer; Sara Vieira-Silva; Sabine Ibrügger; Mads Vendelbo Lind; Rasmus Baadsgaard Mærkedahl; Martin Iain Bahl; Mia Linda Madsen; Jesper Havelund; Gwen Falony; Inge  Tetens; Trine Nielsen; Kristine Højgaard Allin; Henrik Lund Frandsen; Bolette Hartmann; Jens Juul Holst; Morten H Sparholt; Jesper Holck; Andreas Blennow; Janne Marie Moll; Anne S Meyer; Camilla Hoppe; Jørgen H Poulsen; Vera Carvalho; Domenico Sagnelli; Marlene Danner Dalgaard; Anders Fogh Christensen; Magnus Lydolph; Alistair B Ross; Silas G Villas-Bôas; Susanne Brix; Thomas Sicheritz-Pontén; Karsten Buschard; Allan René Linneberg; Jüri Johannes Rumessen; Claus Thorn Ekstrøm; Christian Ritz; Karsten Kristiansen; H Bjørn Nielsen; Henrik Vestergaard; Nils J Færgeman; Jeroen Raes; Hanne Frøkiær; Torben Hansen; Lotte Lauritzen; Ramneek Gupta; Tine Rask Licht; Oluf Borbye Pedersen

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x

A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults

Lea Benedicte Skov Hansen, Henrik Munch Roager, Nadja Buus Søndertoft, Rikke Juul Gøbel, Mette Bredal Kristensen, Mireia Vallès-Colomer, Sara Vieira-Silva, Sabine Ibrügger, Mads Vendelbo Lind, Rasmus Baadsgaard Mærkedahl, Martin Iain Bahl, Mia Linda Madsen, Jesper Havelund, Gwen Falony, Inge Tetens, Trine Nielsen, Kristine Højgaard Allin, Henrik Lund Frandsen, Bolette Hartmann, Jens Juul HolstMorten H Sparholt, Jesper Holck, Andreas Blennow, Janne Marie Moll, Anne S Meyer, Camilla Hoppe, Jørgen H Poulsen, Vera Carvalho, Domenico Sagnelli, Marlene Danner Dalgaard, Anders Fogh Christensen, Magnus Lydolph, Alistair B Ross, Silas G Villas-Bôas, Susanne Brix, Thomas Sicheritz-Pontén, Karsten Buschard, Allan René Linneberg, Jüri Johannes Rumessen, Claus Thorn Ekstrøm, Christian Ritz, Karsten Kristiansen, H Bjørn Nielsen, Henrik Vestergaard, Nils J Færgeman, Jeroen Raes, Hanne Frøkiær, Torben Hansen, Lotte Lauritzen, Ramneek Gupta, Tine Rask Licht, Oluf Borbye Pedersen

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Abstract

Adherence to a low-gluten diet has become increasingly common in parts of the general population. However, the effects of reducing gluten-rich food items including wheat, barley and rye cereals in healthy adults are unclear. Here, we undertook a randomised, controlled, cross-over trial involving 60 middle-aged Danish adults without known disorders with two 8-week interventions comparing a low-gluten diet (2 g gluten per day) and a high-gluten diet (18 g gluten per day), separated by a washout period of at least six weeks with habitual diet (12 g gluten per day). We find that, in comparison with a high-gluten diet, a low-gluten diet induces moderate changes in the intestinal microbiome, reduces fasting and postprandial hydrogen exhalation, and leads to improvements in self-reported bloating. These observations suggest that most of the effects of a low-gluten diet in non-coeliac adults may be driven by qualitative changes in dietary fibres.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Artikelnummer	4630
Tidsskrift	Nature Communications
Vol/bind	9
Antal sider	13
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x
Status	Udgivet - 1 dec. 2018

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10.1038/s41467-018-07019-xLicens: CC BY

Hansen et al_Nature Communications_2018_Vol 9_4630Forlagets udgivne version, 1,28 MBLicens: CC BY

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Hansen, L. B. S., Roager, H. M., Søndertoft, N. B., Gøbel, R. J., Kristensen, M. B., Vallès-Colomer, M., Vieira-Silva, S., Ibrügger, S., Lind, M. V., Mærkedahl, R. B., Bahl, M. I., Madsen, M. L., Havelund, J., Falony, G., Tetens, I., Nielsen, T., Allin, K. H., Frandsen, H. L., Hartmann, B., ... Pedersen, O. B. (2018). A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults. Nature Communications, 9, Artikel 4630. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x

Hansen, LBS, Roager, HM , Søndertoft, NB, Gøbel, RJ, Kristensen, MB, Vallès-Colomer, M, Vieira-Silva, S, Ibrügger, S, Lind, MV, Mærkedahl, RB, Bahl, MI, Madsen, ML, Havelund, J, Falony, G, Tetens, I , Nielsen, T , Allin, KH, Frandsen, HL, Hartmann, B , Holst, JJ, Sparholt, MH, Holck, J, Blennow, A, Moll, JM, Meyer, AS, Hoppe, C, Poulsen, JH, Carvalho, V, Sagnelli, D, Dalgaard, MD, Christensen, AF, Lydolph, M, Ross, AB, Villas-Bôas, SG, Brix, S, Sicheritz-Pontén, T, Buschard, K, Linneberg, AR, Rumessen, JJ, Ekstrøm, CT, Ritz, C, Kristiansen, K, Nielsen, HB, Vestergaard, H, Færgeman, NJ, Raes, J, Frøkiær, H , Hansen, T , Lauritzen, L, Gupta, R, Licht, TR & Pedersen, OB 2018, 'A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults', Nature Communications, bind 9, 4630. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x

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title = "A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults",

abstract = "Adherence to a low-gluten diet has become increasingly common in parts of the general population. However, the effects of reducing gluten-rich food items including wheat, barley and rye cereals in healthy adults are unclear. Here, we undertook a randomised, controlled, cross-over trial involving 60 middle-aged Danish adults without known disorders with two 8-week interventions comparing a low-gluten diet (2 g gluten per day) and a high-gluten diet (18 g gluten per day), separated by a washout period of at least six weeks with habitual diet (12 g gluten per day). We find that, in comparison with a high-gluten diet, a low-gluten diet induces moderate changes in the intestinal microbiome, reduces fasting and postprandial hydrogen exhalation, and leads to improvements in self-reported bloating. These observations suggest that most of the effects of a low-gluten diet in non-coeliac adults may be driven by qualitative changes in dietary fibres.",

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T1 - A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults

AU - Hansen, Lea Benedicte Skov

AU - Roager, Henrik Munch

AU - Søndertoft, Nadja Buus

AU - Gøbel, Rikke Juul

AU - Kristensen, Mette Bredal

AU - Vallès-Colomer, Mireia

AU - Vieira-Silva, Sara

AU - Ibrügger, Sabine

AU - Lind, Mads Vendelbo

AU - Mærkedahl, Rasmus Baadsgaard

AU - Bahl, Martin Iain

AU - Madsen, Mia Linda

AU - Havelund, Jesper

AU - Falony, Gwen

AU - Tetens, Inge

AU - Nielsen, Trine

AU - Allin, Kristine Højgaard

AU - Frandsen, Henrik Lund

AU - Hartmann, Bolette

AU - Holst, Jens Juul

AU - Sparholt, Morten H

AU - Holck, Jesper

AU - Blennow, Andreas

AU - Moll, Janne Marie

AU - Meyer, Anne S

AU - Hoppe, Camilla

AU - Poulsen, Jørgen H

AU - Carvalho, Vera

AU - Sagnelli, Domenico

AU - Dalgaard, Marlene Danner

AU - Christensen, Anders Fogh

AU - Lydolph, Magnus

AU - Ross, Alistair B

AU - Villas-Bôas, Silas G

AU - Brix, Susanne

AU - Sicheritz-Pontén, Thomas

AU - Buschard, Karsten

AU - Linneberg, Allan René

AU - Rumessen, Jüri Johannes

AU - Ekstrøm, Claus Thorn

AU - Ritz, Christian

AU - Kristiansen, Karsten

AU - Nielsen, H Bjørn

AU - Vestergaard, Henrik

AU - Færgeman, Nils J

AU - Raes, Jeroen

AU - Frøkiær, Hanne

AU - Hansen, Torben

AU - Lauritzen, Lotte

AU - Gupta, Ramneek

AU - Licht, Tine Rask

AU - Pedersen, Oluf Borbye

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N2 - Adherence to a low-gluten diet has become increasingly common in parts of the general population. However, the effects of reducing gluten-rich food items including wheat, barley and rye cereals in healthy adults are unclear. Here, we undertook a randomised, controlled, cross-over trial involving 60 middle-aged Danish adults without known disorders with two 8-week interventions comparing a low-gluten diet (2 g gluten per day) and a high-gluten diet (18 g gluten per day), separated by a washout period of at least six weeks with habitual diet (12 g gluten per day). We find that, in comparison with a high-gluten diet, a low-gluten diet induces moderate changes in the intestinal microbiome, reduces fasting and postprandial hydrogen exhalation, and leads to improvements in self-reported bloating. These observations suggest that most of the effects of a low-gluten diet in non-coeliac adults may be driven by qualitative changes in dietary fibres.

AB - Adherence to a low-gluten diet has become increasingly common in parts of the general population. However, the effects of reducing gluten-rich food items including wheat, barley and rye cereals in healthy adults are unclear. Here, we undertook a randomised, controlled, cross-over trial involving 60 middle-aged Danish adults without known disorders with two 8-week interventions comparing a low-gluten diet (2 g gluten per day) and a high-gluten diet (18 g gluten per day), separated by a washout period of at least six weeks with habitual diet (12 g gluten per day). We find that, in comparison with a high-gluten diet, a low-gluten diet induces moderate changes in the intestinal microbiome, reduces fasting and postprandial hydrogen exhalation, and leads to improvements in self-reported bloating. These observations suggest that most of the effects of a low-gluten diet in non-coeliac adults may be driven by qualitative changes in dietary fibres.

KW - Faculty of Science

KW - Low-gluten diet

KW - Intestinal microbiome

KW - Dietary fibres

U2 - 10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x

DO - 10.1038/s41467-018-07019-x

M3 - Journal article

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SN - 2041-1723

VL - 9

JO - Nature Communications

JF - Nature Communications

M1 - 4630

ER -

A low-gluten diet induces changes in the intestinal microbiome of healthy Danish adults

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