Effect of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, L. casei 431 on immune response to influenza vaccination and upper respiratory tract infections in healthy adult volunteers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study

Lillian Jespersen; Inge Tarnow; Dorte Eskesen; Cathrine Melsaether Morberg; Birgit Michelsen; Susanne Gjedsted Bügel; Lars Ove Dragsted; Ger T Rijkers; Philip C Calder

doi:10.3945/ajcn.114.103531

Effect of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, L. casei 431 on immune response to influenza vaccination and upper respiratory tract infections in healthy adult volunteers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study

Lillian Jespersen, Inge Tarnow, Dorte Eskesen, Cathrine Melsaether Morberg, Birgit Michelsen, Susanne Gjedsted Bügel, Lars Ove Dragsted, Ger T Rijkers, Philip C Calder

Nutrition and Health

37 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Probiotics can modulate the immune system in healthy individuals and may help reduce symptoms related to respiratory infections. Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, L.casei 431 (Chr. Hansen A/S) (hereafter, L. casei 431) on immune response to influenza vaccination and respiratory symptoms in healthy adults. Design: A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 1104 healthy subjects aged 18-60 y at 2 centers in Germany and Denmark. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive an acidified milk drink containing ≥10⁹ colony-forming units of L. casei 431 (n = 553) or placebo (n = 551) for 42 d. After 21 d, subjects received the seasonal influenza vaccination. The primary outcome was seroprotection rate (anti-influenza antibody titers by hemagglutination inhibition) 21 d after vaccination. Other outcomes were seroconversion rate and mean titers, influenza A-specific antibodies and incidence, and duration and severity of upper respiratory symptoms. Antibiotic use and use of health care resources were recorded. Results: There was no effect of L. casei 431 on immune responses to influenza vaccination. Generalized linear mixed modeling showed a shorter duration of upper respiratory symptoms in the probiotic group than in the placebo group (mean ± SD: 6.4 ± 6.1 vs. 7.3 ± 9.7 d, P = 0.0059) in the last 3 wk of the intervention period. No statistically significant differences were found for incidence or severity. Conclusions: Daily consumption of L. casei 431 resulted in no observable effect on the components of the immune response to influenza vaccination but reduced the duration of upper respiratory symptoms. The trial was registered at www.isrctn.com as ISRCTN08280229.

Original language	English
Journal	American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Volume	101
Issue number	6
Pages (from-to)	1188-1196
Number of pages	9
ISSN	0002-9165
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.103531
Publication status	Published - 1 Jun 2015

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Jespersen, L., Tarnow, I., Eskesen, D., Morberg, C. M., Michelsen, B., Bügel, S. G., Dragsted, L. O., Rijkers, G. T., & Calder, P. C. (2015). Effect of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, L. casei 431 on immune response to influenza vaccination and upper respiratory tract infections in healthy adult volunteers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 101(6), 1188-1196. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.103531

Effect of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, L. casei 431 on immune response to influenza vaccination and upper respiratory tract infections in healthy adult volunteers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. / Jespersen, Lillian; Tarnow, Inge; Eskesen, Dorte et al.
In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 101, No. 6, 01.06.2015, p. 1188-1196.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Jespersen, L, Tarnow, I, Eskesen, D, Morberg, CM, Michelsen, B, Bügel, SG , Dragsted, LO, Rijkers, GT & Calder, PC 2015, 'Effect of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, L. casei 431 on immune response to influenza vaccination and upper respiratory tract infections in healthy adult volunteers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study', American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 101, no. 6, pp. 1188-1196. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.103531

Jespersen L, Tarnow I, Eskesen D, Morberg CM, Michelsen B, Bügel SG et al. Effect of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, L. casei 431 on immune response to influenza vaccination and upper respiratory tract infections in healthy adult volunteers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2015 Jun 1;101(6):1188-1196. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.114.103531

Jespersen, Lillian ; Tarnow, Inge ; Eskesen, Dorte et al. / Effect of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, L. casei 431 on immune response to influenza vaccination and upper respiratory tract infections in healthy adult volunteers : a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2015 ; Vol. 101, No. 6. pp. 1188-1196.

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AU - Bügel, Susanne Gjedsted

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