YKL-40 is differentially expressed in human embryonic stem cells and in cell progeny of the three germ layers

Christian B Brøchner; Julia S Johansen; Lars A Larsen; Mads Bak; Hanne B Mikkelsen; Anne Grete Byskov; Claus Yding Andersen; Kjeld Møllgård

doi:10.1369/0022155411433331

YKL-40 is differentially expressed in human embryonic stem cells and in cell progeny of the three germ layers

Christian B Brøchner, Julia S Johansen, Lars A Larsen, Mads Bak, Hanne B Mikkelsen, Anne Grete Byskov, Claus Yding Andersen, Kjeld Møllgård

30 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The secreted glycoprotein YKL-40 participates in cell differentiation, inflammation, and cancer progression. High YKL-40 expression is reported during early human development, but its functions are unknown. Six human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines were cultured in an atmosphere of low or high oxygen tension, in culture medium with or without basic fibroblast growth factor, and on feeder layers comprising mouse embryonic fibroblasts or human foreskin fibroblasts to evaluate whether hESCs and their progeny produced YKL-40 and to characterize YKL-40 expression during differentiation. Secreted YKL-40 protein and YKL-40 mRNA expression were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative RT-PCR. Serial-sectioned colonies were stained for YKL-40 protein and for pluripotent hESC (OCT4, NANOG) and germ layer (HNF-3β, PDX1, CD34, p63, nestin, PAX6) markers. Double-labeling showed YKL-40 expression in OCT4-positive hESCs, PAX6-positive neuroectodermal cells, and HNF-3β-positive endodermal cells. The differentiating progeny showed strong YKL-40 expression. Abrupt transition between YKL-40 and OCT4-positive hESCs and YKL-40-positive ecto- and neuroectodermal lineages was observed within the same epithelial-like layer. YKL-40-positive cells within deeper layers lacked contact with OCT4-positive cells. YKL-40 may be important in initial cell differentiation from hESCs toward ectoderm and neuroectoderm, with retained epithelial morphology, whereas later differentiation into endoderm and mesoderm involves a transition into the deeper layers of the colony.

Original language	English
Journal	Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry
Volume	60
Issue number	3
Pages (from-to)	188-204
Number of pages	17
ISSN	0022-1554
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1369/0022155411433331
Publication status	Published - Mar 2012

Keywords

Adipokines
Animals
Biological Markers
Cell Differentiation
Cell Hypoxia
Cell Line
Cell Proliferation
Embryonic Stem Cells
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Feeder Cells
Fibroblasts
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Germ Layers
Humans
Lectins
Mice
Organ Specificity
Oxygen
RNA, Messenger
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1369/0022155411433331

Cite this

@article{17a660777118439cbcdea83563140575,

title = "YKL-40 is differentially expressed in human embryonic stem cells and in cell progeny of the three germ layers",

abstract = "The secreted glycoprotein YKL-40 participates in cell differentiation, inflammation, and cancer progression. High YKL-40 expression is reported during early human development, but its functions are unknown. Six human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines were cultured in an atmosphere of low or high oxygen tension, in culture medium with or without basic fibroblast growth factor, and on feeder layers comprising mouse embryonic fibroblasts or human foreskin fibroblasts to evaluate whether hESCs and their progeny produced YKL-40 and to characterize YKL-40 expression during differentiation. Secreted YKL-40 protein and YKL-40 mRNA expression were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative RT-PCR. Serial-sectioned colonies were stained for YKL-40 protein and for pluripotent hESC (OCT4, NANOG) and germ layer (HNF-3β, PDX1, CD34, p63, nestin, PAX6) markers. Double-labeling showed YKL-40 expression in OCT4-positive hESCs, PAX6-positive neuroectodermal cells, and HNF-3β-positive endodermal cells. The differentiating progeny showed strong YKL-40 expression. Abrupt transition between YKL-40 and OCT4-positive hESCs and YKL-40-positive ecto- and neuroectodermal lineages was observed within the same epithelial-like layer. YKL-40-positive cells within deeper layers lacked contact with OCT4-positive cells. YKL-40 may be important in initial cell differentiation from hESCs toward ectoderm and neuroectoderm, with retained epithelial morphology, whereas later differentiation into endoderm and mesoderm involves a transition into the deeper layers of the colony.",

keywords = "Adipokines, Animals, Biological Markers, Cell Differentiation, Cell Hypoxia, Cell Line, Cell Proliferation, Embryonic Stem Cells, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Feeder Cells, Fibroblasts, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Germ Layers, Humans, Lectins, Mice, Organ Specificity, Oxygen, RNA, Messenger, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction",

author = "Br{\o}chner, {Christian B} and Johansen, {Julia S} and Larsen, {Lars A} and Mads Bak and Mikkelsen, {Hanne B} and Byskov, {Anne Grete} and Andersen, {Claus Yding} and Kjeld M{\o}llg{\aa}rd",

year = "2012",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1369/0022155411433331",

language = "English",

volume = "60",

pages = "188--204",

journal = "Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry",

issn = "0022-1554",

publisher = "SAGE Publications",

number = "3",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - YKL-40 is differentially expressed in human embryonic stem cells and in cell progeny of the three germ layers

AU - Brøchner, Christian B

AU - Johansen, Julia S

AU - Larsen, Lars A

AU - Bak, Mads

AU - Mikkelsen, Hanne B

AU - Byskov, Anne Grete

AU - Andersen, Claus Yding

AU - Møllgård, Kjeld

PY - 2012/3

Y1 - 2012/3

N2 - The secreted glycoprotein YKL-40 participates in cell differentiation, inflammation, and cancer progression. High YKL-40 expression is reported during early human development, but its functions are unknown. Six human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines were cultured in an atmosphere of low or high oxygen tension, in culture medium with or without basic fibroblast growth factor, and on feeder layers comprising mouse embryonic fibroblasts or human foreskin fibroblasts to evaluate whether hESCs and their progeny produced YKL-40 and to characterize YKL-40 expression during differentiation. Secreted YKL-40 protein and YKL-40 mRNA expression were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative RT-PCR. Serial-sectioned colonies were stained for YKL-40 protein and for pluripotent hESC (OCT4, NANOG) and germ layer (HNF-3β, PDX1, CD34, p63, nestin, PAX6) markers. Double-labeling showed YKL-40 expression in OCT4-positive hESCs, PAX6-positive neuroectodermal cells, and HNF-3β-positive endodermal cells. The differentiating progeny showed strong YKL-40 expression. Abrupt transition between YKL-40 and OCT4-positive hESCs and YKL-40-positive ecto- and neuroectodermal lineages was observed within the same epithelial-like layer. YKL-40-positive cells within deeper layers lacked contact with OCT4-positive cells. YKL-40 may be important in initial cell differentiation from hESCs toward ectoderm and neuroectoderm, with retained epithelial morphology, whereas later differentiation into endoderm and mesoderm involves a transition into the deeper layers of the colony.

AB - The secreted glycoprotein YKL-40 participates in cell differentiation, inflammation, and cancer progression. High YKL-40 expression is reported during early human development, but its functions are unknown. Six human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines were cultured in an atmosphere of low or high oxygen tension, in culture medium with or without basic fibroblast growth factor, and on feeder layers comprising mouse embryonic fibroblasts or human foreskin fibroblasts to evaluate whether hESCs and their progeny produced YKL-40 and to characterize YKL-40 expression during differentiation. Secreted YKL-40 protein and YKL-40 mRNA expression were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative RT-PCR. Serial-sectioned colonies were stained for YKL-40 protein and for pluripotent hESC (OCT4, NANOG) and germ layer (HNF-3β, PDX1, CD34, p63, nestin, PAX6) markers. Double-labeling showed YKL-40 expression in OCT4-positive hESCs, PAX6-positive neuroectodermal cells, and HNF-3β-positive endodermal cells. The differentiating progeny showed strong YKL-40 expression. Abrupt transition between YKL-40 and OCT4-positive hESCs and YKL-40-positive ecto- and neuroectodermal lineages was observed within the same epithelial-like layer. YKL-40-positive cells within deeper layers lacked contact with OCT4-positive cells. YKL-40 may be important in initial cell differentiation from hESCs toward ectoderm and neuroectoderm, with retained epithelial morphology, whereas later differentiation into endoderm and mesoderm involves a transition into the deeper layers of the colony.

KW - Adipokines

KW - Animals

KW - Biological Markers

KW - Cell Differentiation

KW - Cell Hypoxia

KW - Cell Line

KW - Cell Proliferation

KW - Embryonic Stem Cells

KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

KW - Feeder Cells

KW - Fibroblasts

KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental

KW - Germ Layers

KW - Humans

KW - Lectins

KW - Mice

KW - Organ Specificity

KW - Oxygen

KW - RNA, Messenger

KW - Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

U2 - 10.1369/0022155411433331

DO - 10.1369/0022155411433331

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 22140133

SN - 0022-1554

VL - 60

SP - 188

EP - 204

JO - Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry

JF - Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry

IS - 3

ER -

YKL-40 is differentially expressed in human embryonic stem cells and in cell progeny of the three germ layers

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Fingerprint

Cite this