The effect of two exercise modalities on skeletal muscle capillary ultrastructure in individuals with type 2 diabetes

Stefan Peter Mortensen; Kamilla Munch Winding; Ulrik Winning Iepsen; Gregers Winding Munch; Niels Marcussen; Ylva Hellsten; Bente Klarlund Pedersen; Oliver Baum

doi:10.1111/sms.13348

The effect of two exercise modalities on skeletal muscle capillary ultrastructure in individuals with type 2 diabetes

Stefan Peter Mortensen, Kamilla Munch Winding, Ulrik Winning Iepsen, Gregers Winding Munch, Niels Marcussen, Ylva Hellsten, Bente Klarlund Pedersen, Oliver Baum

The August Krogh Section for Human Physiology

8 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes is associated with microvascular dysfunction, but little is known about how capillary ultrastructure is affected by exercise training. To investigate the effect of two types of exercise training on skeletal muscle capillary ultrastructure and capillarization in individuals with type 2 diabetes, 21 individuals with type 2 diabetes were allocated (randomized controlled trial) to 11 weeks of aerobic exercise training consisting of either moderate-intensity endurance training (END; n = 10) or low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIIT; n = 11). Skeletal muscle biopsies (m vastus lateralis) were obtained before and after the training intervention. At baseline, there was no difference in capillarization, capillary structure, and exercise hyperemia between the two groups. After the training intervention, capillary-to-fiber ratio increased by 8% ± 3% in the END group (P < 0.05) and was unchanged in the HIIT group with no difference between groups. Endothelium thickness increased (P < 0.05), basement membrane thickness decreased (P < 0.05), and the capillary lumen tended (P = 0.07) to increase in the END group, whereas these structural indicators were unchanged after HIIT. In contrast, skeletal muscle endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) increased after HIIT (P < 0.05), but not END, whereas there was no change in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), superoxide dismutase (SOD)-2, or NADPH oxidase after both training protocols. In contrast to END training, HIIT did not alter capillarization or capillary structure in individuals with type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, HIIT appears to be a less effective strategy to treat capillary rarefaction and reduce basement thickening in type 2 diabetes.

Original language	English
Journal	Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
Volume	29
Issue number	3
Pages (from-to)	360-368
Number of pages	9
ISSN	0905-7188
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13348
Publication status	Published - Mar 2019

Keywords

Faculty of Science
Endothelium
Capillary ultrastructure
Microcirculation
Skeletal muscle
Exercise

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10.1111/sms.13348

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The effect of two exercise modalities on skeletal muscle capillary ultrastructure in individuals with type 2 diabetes. / Mortensen, Stefan Peter; Winding, Kamilla Munch; Iepsen, Ulrik Winning et al.

In: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, Vol. 29, No. 3, 03.2019, p. 360-368.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

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title = "The effect of two exercise modalities on skeletal muscle capillary ultrastructure in individuals with type 2 diabetes",

abstract = "Type 2 diabetes is associated with microvascular dysfunction, but little is known about how capillary ultrastructure is affected by exercise training. To investigate the effect of two types of exercise training on skeletal muscle capillary ultrastructure and capillarization in individuals with type 2 diabetes, 21 individuals with type 2 diabetes were allocated (randomized controlled trial) to 11 weeks of aerobic exercise training consisting of either moderate-intensity endurance training (END; n = 10) or low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIIT; n = 11). Skeletal muscle biopsies (m vastus lateralis) were obtained before and after the training intervention. At baseline, there was no difference in capillarization, capillary structure, and exercise hyperemia between the two groups. After the training intervention, capillary-to-fiber ratio increased by 8% ± 3% in the END group (P < 0.05) and was unchanged in the HIIT group with no difference between groups. Endothelium thickness increased (P < 0.05), basement membrane thickness decreased (P < 0.05), and the capillary lumen tended (P = 0.07) to increase in the END group, whereas these structural indicators were unchanged after HIIT. In contrast, skeletal muscle endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) increased after HIIT (P < 0.05), but not END, whereas there was no change in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), superoxide dismutase (SOD)-2, or NADPH oxidase after both training protocols. In contrast to END training, HIIT did not alter capillarization or capillary structure in individuals with type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, HIIT appears to be a less effective strategy to treat capillary rarefaction and reduce basement thickening in type 2 diabetes.",

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AU - Winding, Kamilla Munch

AU - Iepsen, Ulrik Winning

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AU - Marcussen, Niels

AU - Hellsten, Ylva

AU - Pedersen, Bente Klarlund

AU - Baum, Oliver

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AB - Type 2 diabetes is associated with microvascular dysfunction, but little is known about how capillary ultrastructure is affected by exercise training. To investigate the effect of two types of exercise training on skeletal muscle capillary ultrastructure and capillarization in individuals with type 2 diabetes, 21 individuals with type 2 diabetes were allocated (randomized controlled trial) to 11 weeks of aerobic exercise training consisting of either moderate-intensity endurance training (END; n = 10) or low-volume high-intensity interval training (HIIT; n = 11). Skeletal muscle biopsies (m vastus lateralis) were obtained before and after the training intervention. At baseline, there was no difference in capillarization, capillary structure, and exercise hyperemia between the two groups. After the training intervention, capillary-to-fiber ratio increased by 8% ± 3% in the END group (P < 0.05) and was unchanged in the HIIT group with no difference between groups. Endothelium thickness increased (P < 0.05), basement membrane thickness decreased (P < 0.05), and the capillary lumen tended (P = 0.07) to increase in the END group, whereas these structural indicators were unchanged after HIIT. In contrast, skeletal muscle endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) increased after HIIT (P < 0.05), but not END, whereas there was no change in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), superoxide dismutase (SOD)-2, or NADPH oxidase after both training protocols. In contrast to END training, HIIT did not alter capillarization or capillary structure in individuals with type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, HIIT appears to be a less effective strategy to treat capillary rarefaction and reduce basement thickening in type 2 diabetes.

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KW - Endothelium

KW - Capillary ultrastructure

KW - Microcirculation

KW - Skeletal muscle

KW - Exercise

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DO - 10.1111/sms.13348

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JO - Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports

JF - Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports

IS - 3

ER -

The effect of two exercise modalities on skeletal muscle capillary ultrastructure in individuals with type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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