Role of TET enzymes in DNA methylation, development, and cancer

TY - JOUR

T1 - Role of TET enzymes in DNA methylation, development, and cancer

AU - Rasmussen, Kasper Dindler

AU - Helin, Kristian

N1 - © 2016 Rasmussen and Helin; Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press.

PY - 2016/4/1

Y1 - 2016/4/1

N2 - The pattern of DNA methylation at cytosine bases in the genome is tightly linked to gene expression, and DNA methylation abnormalities are often observed in diseases. The ten eleven translocation (TET) enzymes oxidize 5-methylcytosines (5mCs) and promote locus-specific reversal of DNA methylation.TETgenes, and especiallyTET2, are frequently mutated in various cancers, but how the TET proteins contribute to prevent the onset and maintenance of these malignancies is largely unknown. Here, we highlight recent advances in understanding the physiological function of the TET proteins and their role in regulating DNA methylation and transcription. In addition, we discuss some of the key outstanding questions in the field.

AB - The pattern of DNA methylation at cytosine bases in the genome is tightly linked to gene expression, and DNA methylation abnormalities are often observed in diseases. The ten eleven translocation (TET) enzymes oxidize 5-methylcytosines (5mCs) and promote locus-specific reversal of DNA methylation.TETgenes, and especiallyTET2, are frequently mutated in various cancers, but how the TET proteins contribute to prevent the onset and maintenance of these malignancies is largely unknown. Here, we highlight recent advances in understanding the physiological function of the TET proteins and their role in regulating DNA methylation and transcription. In addition, we discuss some of the key outstanding questions in the field.

U2 - 10.1101/gad.276568.115

DO - 10.1101/gad.276568.115

M3 - Review

C2 - 27036965

SN - 0890-9369

VL - 30

SP - 733

EP - 750

JO - Genes & Development

JF - Genes & Development

IS - 7

ER -