TY - JOUR
T1 - Rapid gut growth but persistent delay in digestive function in the postnatal period of preterm pigs
AU - Hansen, Carl Frederik
AU - Thymann, Thomas
AU - Andersen, Anders Daniel
AU - Holst, Jens Juul
AU - Hartmann, Bolette
AU - Hilsted, Linda
AU - Langhorn, Louise
AU - Jelsing, Jacob
AU - Sangild, Per T
N1 - Copyright © 2015, American Journal of Physiology- Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology.
PY - 2016/4/15
Y1 - 2016/4/15
N2 - Preterm infants often tolerate full enteral nutrition a few weeks after birth but it is not known how this is related to gut maturation. Using pigs as models, we hypothesized that intestinal structure and digestive function are similar in preterm and term individuals at 3– 4 wk after birth and that early enteral nutrition promotes maturation. Preterm or term cesareandelivered pigs were fed total parenteral nutrition, or partial enteral nutrition [Enteral (Ent), 16 – 64 ml·kg-1·day-1 of bovine colostrum] for 5 days, followed by full enteral milk feeding until day 26. The intestine was collected for histological and biochemical analyses at days 0, 5, and 26 (n = 8 –12 in each of 10 treatment groups). Intestinal weight (relative to body weight) was reduced in preterm pigs at 0 –5 days but ENT feeding stimulated the mucosal volume and peptidase activities. Relative to term pigs, mucosal volume remained reduced in preterm pigs until 26 days although plasma glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) and glucose-dependent insulin-trophic peptide (GIP) levels were increased. Preterm pigs also showed reduced hexose absorptive capacity and brush-border enzyme (sucrase, maltase) activities at 26 days, relative to term pigs. Intestinal structure shows a remarkable growth adaptation in the first week after preterm birth, especially with enteral nutrition, whereas some digestive functions remain immature until at least 3– 4 wk. It is important to identify feeding regimens that stimulate intestinal maturation in the postnatal period of preterm infants because some intestinal functions may show long-term developmental delay.
AB - Preterm infants often tolerate full enteral nutrition a few weeks after birth but it is not known how this is related to gut maturation. Using pigs as models, we hypothesized that intestinal structure and digestive function are similar in preterm and term individuals at 3– 4 wk after birth and that early enteral nutrition promotes maturation. Preterm or term cesareandelivered pigs were fed total parenteral nutrition, or partial enteral nutrition [Enteral (Ent), 16 – 64 ml·kg-1·day-1 of bovine colostrum] for 5 days, followed by full enteral milk feeding until day 26. The intestine was collected for histological and biochemical analyses at days 0, 5, and 26 (n = 8 –12 in each of 10 treatment groups). Intestinal weight (relative to body weight) was reduced in preterm pigs at 0 –5 days but ENT feeding stimulated the mucosal volume and peptidase activities. Relative to term pigs, mucosal volume remained reduced in preterm pigs until 26 days although plasma glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) and glucose-dependent insulin-trophic peptide (GIP) levels were increased. Preterm pigs also showed reduced hexose absorptive capacity and brush-border enzyme (sucrase, maltase) activities at 26 days, relative to term pigs. Intestinal structure shows a remarkable growth adaptation in the first week after preterm birth, especially with enteral nutrition, whereas some digestive functions remain immature until at least 3– 4 wk. It is important to identify feeding regimens that stimulate intestinal maturation in the postnatal period of preterm infants because some intestinal functions may show long-term developmental delay.
U2 - 10.1152/ajpgi.00221.2015
DO - 10.1152/ajpgi.00221.2015
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 26822913
SN - 0193-1857
VL - 310
SP - G550-560
JO - American Journal of Physiology: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
JF - American Journal of Physiology: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology
IS - 8
ER -