Parallel adaptation of rabbit populations to myxoma virus

Joel M. Alves; Miguel Carneiro; Jade Y. Cheng; Ana Lemos de Matos; Masmudur M. Rahman; Liisa Loog; Paula F. Campos; Nathan Wales; Anders Eriksson; Andrea Manica; Tanja Strive; Stephen C. Graham; Sandra Afonso; Diana J. Bell; Laura Belmont; Jonathan P. Day; Susan J. Fuller; Stéphane Marchandeau; William J. Palmer; Guillaume Queney; Alison K. Surridge; Filipe G. Vieira; Grant McFadden; Rasmus Nielsen; M. Thomas P. Gilbert; Pedro J. Esteves; Nuno Ferrand; Francis M. Jiggins

doi:10.1126/science.aau7285

Parallel adaptation of rabbit populations to myxoma virus

Joel M. Alves^*, Miguel Carneiro, Jade Y. Cheng, Ana Lemos de Matos, Masmudur M. Rahman, Liisa Loog, Paula F. Campos, Nathan Wales, Anders Eriksson, Andrea Manica, Tanja Strive, Stephen C. Graham, Sandra Afonso, Diana J. Bell, Laura Belmont, Jonathan P. Day, Susan J. Fuller, Stéphane Marchandeau, William J. Palmer, Guillaume QueneyAlison K. Surridge, Filipe G. Vieira, Grant McFadden, Rasmus Nielsen, M. Thomas P. Gilbert, Pedro J. Esteves, Nuno Ferrand, Francis M. Jiggins

^*Corresponding author for this work

34 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

In the 1950s the myxoma virus was released into European rabbit populations in Australia and Europe, decimating populations and resulting in the rapid evolution of resistance. We investigated the genetic basis of resistance by comparing the exomes of rabbits collected before and after the pandemic. We found a strong pattern of parallel evolution, with selection on standing genetic variation favoring the same alleles in Australia, France, and the United Kingdom. Many of these changes occurred in immunity-related genes, supporting a polygenic basis of resistance. We experimentally validated the role of several genes in viral replication and showed that selection acting on an interferon protein has increased the protein’s antiviral effect.

Original language	English
Journal	Science
Volume	363
Issue number	6433
ISSN	0036-8075
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau7285
Publication status	Published - 22 Mar 2019

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Alves, J. M., Carneiro, M., Cheng, J. Y., Matos, A. L. D., Rahman, M. M., Loog, L., Campos, P. F., Wales, N., Eriksson, A., Manica, A., Strive, T., Graham, S. C., Afonso, S., Bell, D. J., Belmont, L., Day, J. P., Fuller, S. J., Marchandeau, S., Palmer, W. J., ... Jiggins, F. M. (2019). Parallel adaptation of rabbit populations to myxoma virus. Science, 363(6433). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau7285

Alves, JM, Carneiro, M, Cheng, JY, Matos, ALD, Rahman, MM, Loog, L, Campos, PF, Wales, N, Eriksson, A, Manica, A, Strive, T, Graham, SC, Afonso, S, Bell, DJ, Belmont, L, Day, JP, Fuller, SJ, Marchandeau, S, Palmer, WJ, Queney, G, Surridge, AK, Vieira, FG, McFadden, G, Nielsen, R, Gilbert, MTP, Esteves, PJ, Ferrand, N & Jiggins, FM 2019, 'Parallel adaptation of rabbit populations to myxoma virus', Science, vol. 363, no. 6433. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aau7285

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title = "Parallel adaptation of rabbit populations to myxoma virus",

abstract = "In the 1950s the myxoma virus was released into European rabbit populations in Australia and Europe, decimating populations and resulting in the rapid evolution of resistance. We investigated the genetic basis of resistance by comparing the exomes of rabbits collected before and after the pandemic. We found a strong pattern of parallel evolution, with selection on standing genetic variation favoring the same alleles in Australia, France, and the United Kingdom. Many of these changes occurred in immunity-related genes, supporting a polygenic basis of resistance. We experimentally validated the role of several genes in viral replication and showed that selection acting on an interferon protein has increased the protein{\textquoteright}s antiviral effect.",

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AU - Alves, Joel M.

AU - Carneiro, Miguel

AU - Cheng, Jade Y.

AU - Matos, Ana Lemos de

AU - Rahman, Masmudur M.

AU - Loog, Liisa

AU - Campos, Paula F.

AU - Wales, Nathan

AU - Eriksson, Anders

AU - Manica, Andrea

AU - Strive, Tanja

AU - Graham, Stephen C.

AU - Afonso, Sandra

AU - Bell, Diana J.

AU - Belmont, Laura

AU - Day, Jonathan P.

AU - Fuller, Susan J.

AU - Marchandeau, Stéphane

AU - Palmer, William J.

AU - Queney, Guillaume

AU - Surridge, Alison K.

AU - Vieira, Filipe G.

AU - McFadden, Grant

AU - Nielsen, Rasmus

AU - Gilbert, M. Thomas P.

AU - Esteves, Pedro J.

AU - Ferrand, Nuno

AU - Jiggins, Francis M.

PY - 2019/3/22

Y1 - 2019/3/22

N2 - In the 1950s the myxoma virus was released into European rabbit populations in Australia and Europe, decimating populations and resulting in the rapid evolution of resistance. We investigated the genetic basis of resistance by comparing the exomes of rabbits collected before and after the pandemic. We found a strong pattern of parallel evolution, with selection on standing genetic variation favoring the same alleles in Australia, France, and the United Kingdom. Many of these changes occurred in immunity-related genes, supporting a polygenic basis of resistance. We experimentally validated the role of several genes in viral replication and showed that selection acting on an interferon protein has increased the protein’s antiviral effect.

AB - In the 1950s the myxoma virus was released into European rabbit populations in Australia and Europe, decimating populations and resulting in the rapid evolution of resistance. We investigated the genetic basis of resistance by comparing the exomes of rabbits collected before and after the pandemic. We found a strong pattern of parallel evolution, with selection on standing genetic variation favoring the same alleles in Australia, France, and the United Kingdom. Many of these changes occurred in immunity-related genes, supporting a polygenic basis of resistance. We experimentally validated the role of several genes in viral replication and showed that selection acting on an interferon protein has increased the protein’s antiviral effect.

U2 - 10.1126/science.aau7285

DO - 10.1126/science.aau7285

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 30765607

AN - SCOPUS:85061759943

SN - 0036-8075

VL - 363

JO - Science

JF - Science

IS - 6433

ER -

Parallel adaptation of rabbit populations to myxoma virus

Abstract

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