Abstract
These guidelines provide an up-date of previous IFCN report on "Non-invasive electrical and magnetic stimulation of the brain, spinal cord and roots: basic principles and procedures for routine clinical application" (Rossini et al., 1994). A new Committee, composed of international experts, some of whom were in the panel of the 1994 "Report", was selected to produce a current state-of-the-art review of non-invasive stimulation both for clinical application and research in neuroscience. Since 1994, the international scientific community has seen a rapid increase in non-invasive brain stimulation in studying cognition, brain-behavior relationship and pathophysiology of various neurologic and psychiatric disorders. New paradigms of stimulation and new techniques have been developed. Furthermore, a large number of studies and clinical trials have demonstrated potential therapeutic applications of non-invasive brain stimulation, especially for TMS. Recent guidelines can be found in the literature covering specific aspects of non-invasive brain stimulation, such as safety (Rossi et al., 2009), methodology (Groppa et al., 2012) and therapeutic applications (Lefaucheur et al., 2014). This up-dated review covers theoretical, physiological and practical aspects of non-invasive stimulation of brain, spinal cord, nerve roots and peripheral nerves in the light of more updated knowledge, and include some recent extensions and developments.
Original language | English |
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Journal | Clinical Neurophysiology |
Volume | 126 |
Issue number | 6 |
Pages (from-to) | 1071-107 |
Number of pages | 37 |
ISSN | 1388-2457 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Jun 2015 |
Keywords
- Advisory Committees
- Animals
- Brain
- Cognition Disorders
- Deep Brain Stimulation
- Humans
- Mental Disorders
- Peripheral Nerves
- Research Report
- Spinal Cord
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation