Non-invasive electrical and magnetic stimulation of the brain, spinal cord, roots and peripheral nerves: Basic principles and procedures for routine clinical and research application. An updated report from an I.F.C.N. Committee

P M Rossini, D Burke, R Chen, L G Cohen, Z Daskalakis, R Di Iorio, V Di Lazzaro, F Ferreri, P B Fitzgerald, M S George, M Hallett, J P Lefaucheur, B Langguth, H Matsumoto, C Miniussi, M A Nitsche, A Pascual-Leone, W Paulus, S Rossi, J C RothwellH R Siebner, Y Ugawa, V Walsh, U Ziemann

1032 Citationer (Scopus)

Abstract

These guidelines provide an up-date of previous IFCN report on "Non-invasive electrical and magnetic stimulation of the brain, spinal cord and roots: basic principles and procedures for routine clinical application" (Rossini et al., 1994). A new Committee, composed of international experts, some of whom were in the panel of the 1994 "Report", was selected to produce a current state-of-the-art review of non-invasive stimulation both for clinical application and research in neuroscience. Since 1994, the international scientific community has seen a rapid increase in non-invasive brain stimulation in studying cognition, brain-behavior relationship and pathophysiology of various neurologic and psychiatric disorders. New paradigms of stimulation and new techniques have been developed. Furthermore, a large number of studies and clinical trials have demonstrated potential therapeutic applications of non-invasive brain stimulation, especially for TMS. Recent guidelines can be found in the literature covering specific aspects of non-invasive brain stimulation, such as safety (Rossi et al., 2009), methodology (Groppa et al., 2012) and therapeutic applications (Lefaucheur et al., 2014). This up-dated review covers theoretical, physiological and practical aspects of non-invasive stimulation of brain, spinal cord, nerve roots and peripheral nerves in the light of more updated knowledge, and include some recent extensions and developments.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
TidsskriftClinical Neurophysiology
Vol/bind126
Udgave nummer6
Sider (fra-til)1071-107
Antal sider37
ISSN1388-2457
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 1 jun. 2015

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