Is Pelvic Inflammatory Disease a Risk Factor for Ovarian Cancer?

TY - JOUR

T1 - Is Pelvic Inflammatory Disease a Risk Factor for Ovarian Cancer?

AU - Rasmussen, Christina B

AU - Jensen, Allan

AU - Albieri, Vanna

AU - Andersen, Klaus K

AU - Kjaer, Susanne K

N1 - ©2016 American Association for Cancer Research.

PY - 2017/1

Y1 - 2017/1

N2 - Background: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) has been proposed as a risk factor for ovarian cancer. However, the existing literature on the association between PID and ovarian cancer risk is inconclusive, and only few cohort studies have been conducted. Methods: Using nationwide Danish registries, we conducted a population-based cohort study including all women from the birth cohorts 1940 to 1970 in Denmark during 1978- 2012 (n =1,318,929) to investigate the association between PID and subsequent risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. Among women in the cohort, 81,281 women were diagnosed with PID and 5,356 women developed ovarian cancer during follow-up through 2012. Cox regression models were used to estimate HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between PID and ovarian cancer, both overall and according to histotype. Results: For ovarian cancer overall, we observed no association with PID (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.92-1.20). However, in histotypespecific analyses, we found a statistically significantly increased risk of serous ovarian cancer among women with PID (HR, 1.19; 1.00-1.41; P =0.047). Conversely, PID was not convincingly associatedwith risk of any of the other histotypes of ovarian cancer. Conclusions: PID was associated with a modestly increased risk of serous ovarian cancer, but not other histotypes. Impact: Our results indicate that PID is not a strong risk factor for ovarian cancer. Whether PID is slightly associated with risk of serous ovarian cancer has to be confirmed in other studies.

AB - Background: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) has been proposed as a risk factor for ovarian cancer. However, the existing literature on the association between PID and ovarian cancer risk is inconclusive, and only few cohort studies have been conducted. Methods: Using nationwide Danish registries, we conducted a population-based cohort study including all women from the birth cohorts 1940 to 1970 in Denmark during 1978- 2012 (n =1,318,929) to investigate the association between PID and subsequent risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. Among women in the cohort, 81,281 women were diagnosed with PID and 5,356 women developed ovarian cancer during follow-up through 2012. Cox regression models were used to estimate HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between PID and ovarian cancer, both overall and according to histotype. Results: For ovarian cancer overall, we observed no association with PID (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.92-1.20). However, in histotypespecific analyses, we found a statistically significantly increased risk of serous ovarian cancer among women with PID (HR, 1.19; 1.00-1.41; P =0.047). Conversely, PID was not convincingly associatedwith risk of any of the other histotypes of ovarian cancer. Conclusions: PID was associated with a modestly increased risk of serous ovarian cancer, but not other histotypes. Impact: Our results indicate that PID is not a strong risk factor for ovarian cancer. Whether PID is slightly associated with risk of serous ovarian cancer has to be confirmed in other studies.

KW - Adult

KW - Age Factors

KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology

KW - Cohort Studies

KW - Confidence Intervals

KW - Denmark

KW - Female

KW - Follow-Up Studies

KW - Humans

KW - Incidence

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/epidemiology

KW - Ovarian Neoplasms/epidemiology

KW - Pelvic Inflammatory Disease/epidemiology

KW - Proportional Hazards Models

KW - Registries

KW - Retrospective Studies

KW - Risk Factors

KW - Time Factors

U2 - 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0459

DO - 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0459

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 27672055

SN - 1055-9965

VL - 26

SP - 104

EP - 109

JO - Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention

JF - Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention

IS - 1

ER -