TY - JOUR
T1 - Immunoassays for the incretin hormones GIP and GLP-1
AU - Deacon, Carolyn F
AU - Holst, Jens J
N1 - Keywords: Antigens, CD26; Cross Reactions; Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; Humans; Proglucagon; Radioimmunoassay
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - The measurement of the incretin hormones, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), using immunologically based assays is made difficult by the fact that the processing of the precursor molecules gives rise to a number of different peptides which cross-react with antisera raised against the two hormones. For GLP-1, the picture is further complicated because of the necessity to differentiate between the intestinal and pancreatic proglucagon products. Finally, once secreted, both incretins are rapidly degraded by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) to generate metabolites which have lost their insulinotropic activities. These metabolites are the major circulating forms of the incretins, accounting for 60-80% of total immunoreactive GLP-1 and GIP in the peripheral plasma, while concentrations of the intact forms can be very low and, in some cases, barely detectable. The use of highly specific assays using well-characterised antisera and careful sample handling is therefore required for a reliable determination of incretin hormone concentrations.
AB - The measurement of the incretin hormones, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), using immunologically based assays is made difficult by the fact that the processing of the precursor molecules gives rise to a number of different peptides which cross-react with antisera raised against the two hormones. For GLP-1, the picture is further complicated because of the necessity to differentiate between the intestinal and pancreatic proglucagon products. Finally, once secreted, both incretins are rapidly degraded by the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) to generate metabolites which have lost their insulinotropic activities. These metabolites are the major circulating forms of the incretins, accounting for 60-80% of total immunoreactive GLP-1 and GIP in the peripheral plasma, while concentrations of the intact forms can be very low and, in some cases, barely detectable. The use of highly specific assays using well-characterised antisera and careful sample handling is therefore required for a reliable determination of incretin hormone concentrations.
U2 - 10.1016/j.beem.2009.03.006
DO - 10.1016/j.beem.2009.03.006
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 19748060
SN - 1521-690X
VL - 23
SP - 425
EP - 432
JO - Best Practice and Research: Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
JF - Best Practice and Research: Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
IS - 4
ER -