Habitual sleep duration is associated with BMI and macronutrient intake and may be modified by CLOCK genetic variants

Hassan S Dashti; Jack L Follis; Caren E Smith; Toshiko Tanaka; Brian E Cade; Daniel J Gottlieb; Adela Hruby; Paul F Jacques; Stefania Lamon-Fava; Kris Richardson; Richa Saxena; Frank A J L Scheer; Leena Kovanen; Traci M Bartz; Mia-Maria Perälä; Anna Elisabet Jonsson; Alexis C Frazier-Wood; Ioanna-Panagiota Kalafati; Vera Mikkilä; Timo Partonen; Rozenn N Lemaitre; Jari Lahti; Dena G Hernandez; Ulla Toft; W Craig Johnson; Stavroula Kanoni; Olli T Raitakari; Markus Perola; Bruce M Psaty; Luigi Ferrucci; Niels Grarup; Heather M Highland; Loukianos Rallidis; Mika Kähönen; Aki S Havulinna; David S Siscovick; Katri Räikkönen; Torben Jørgensen; Jerome I Rotter; Panos Deloukas; Jorma S A Viikari; Dariush Mozaffarian; Allan Linneberg; Ilkka Seppälä; Torben Hansen; Veikko Salomaa; Sina A Gharib; Johan G Eriksson; Stefania Bandinelli; Oluf Pedersen; Stephen S Rich; George Dedoussis; Terho Lehtimäki; José M Ordovás

doi:10.3945/ajcn.114.095026

Habitual sleep duration is associated with BMI and macronutrient intake and may be modified by CLOCK genetic variants

Hassan S Dashti, Jack L Follis, Caren E Smith, Toshiko Tanaka, Brian E Cade, Daniel J Gottlieb, Adela Hruby, Paul F Jacques, Stefania Lamon-Fava, Kris Richardson, Richa Saxena, Frank A J L Scheer, Leena Kovanen, Traci M Bartz, Mia-Maria Perälä, Anna Elisabet Jonsson, Alexis C Frazier-Wood, Ioanna-Panagiota Kalafati, Vera Mikkilä, Timo PartonenRozenn N Lemaitre, Jari Lahti, Dena G Hernandez, Ulla Toft, W Craig Johnson, Stavroula Kanoni, Olli T Raitakari, Markus Perola, Bruce M Psaty, Luigi Ferrucci, Niels Grarup, Heather M Highland, Loukianos Rallidis, Mika Kähönen, Aki S Havulinna, David S Siscovick, Katri Räikkönen, Torben Jørgensen, Jerome I Rotter, Panos Deloukas, Jorma S A Viikari, Dariush Mozaffarian, Allan Linneberg, Ilkka Seppälä, Torben Hansen, Veikko Salomaa, Sina A Gharib, Johan G Eriksson, Stefania Bandinelli, Oluf Pedersen, Stephen S Rich, George Dedoussis, Terho Lehtimäki, José M Ordovás

67 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Short sleep duration has been associated with greater risks of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Also, common genetic variants in the human Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput (CLOCK) show associations with ghrelin and total energy intake. Objectives: We examined associations between habitual sleep duration, body mass index (BMI), and macronutrient intake and assessed whether CLOCK variants modify these associations. Design: We conducted inverse-variance weighted, fixed-effect meta-analyses of results of adjusted associations of sleep duration and BMI and macronutrient intake as percentages of total energy as well as interactions with CLOCK variants from 9 cohort studies including up to 14,906 participants of European descent from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium. Results: We observed a significant association between sleep duration and lower BMI (β ± SE = 0.16 ± 0.04, P < 0.0001) in the overall sample; however, associations between sleep duration and relative macronutrient intake were evident in age- and sex-stratified analyses only. We observed a significant association between sleep duration and lower saturated fatty acid intake in younger (aged 20-64 y) adults (men: 0.11 ± 0.06%, P = 0.03; women: 0.10 ± 0.05%, P = 0.04) and with lower carbohydrate (-0.31 ± 0.12%, P < 0.01), higher total fat (0.18 ± 0.09%, P = 0.05), and higher PUFA (0.05 ± 0.02%, P = 0.02) intakes in older (aged 65-80 y) women. In addition, the following 2 nominally significant interactions were observed: between sleep duration and rs12649507 on PUFA intake and between sleep duration and rs6858749 on protein intake. Conclusions: Our results indicate that longer habitual sleep duration is associated with lower BMI and age- and sex-specific favorable dietary behaviors. Differences in the relative intake of specific macronutrients associated with short sleep duration could, at least in part, explain previously reported associations between short sleep duration and chronic metabolic abnormalities. In addition, the influence of obesity-associated CLOCK variants on the association between sleep duration and macronutrient intake suggests that longer habitual sleep duration could ameliorate the genetic predisposition to obesity via a favorable dietary profile. Trials related to this study were registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00005133 (Cardiovascular Health Study), NCT00005121 (Framingham Offspring Study), NCT01331512 [Invecchiare in Chianti (Aging in the Chianti Area) study], NCT00289237 (Inter99), and NCT00005487 (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis).

Original language	English
Journal	The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Volume	101
Issue number	1
Pages (from-to)	135-43
Number of pages	9
ISSN	0002-9165
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.095026
Publication status	Published - 1 Jan 2015

Keywords

Adult
Body Mass Index
CLOCK Proteins
Cohort Studies
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diet
Dietary Proteins
Energy Intake
European Continental Ancestry Group
Fatty Acids, Unsaturated
Female
Gene-Environment Interaction
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Obesity
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Sleep
Young Adult

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.3945/ajcn.114.095026

Cite this

Dashti, H. S., Follis, J. L., Smith, C. E., Tanaka, T., Cade, B. E., Gottlieb, D. J., Hruby, A., Jacques, P. F., Lamon-Fava, S., Richardson, K., Saxena, R., Scheer, F. A. J. L., Kovanen, L., Bartz, T. M., Perälä, M.-M., Jonsson, A. E., Frazier-Wood, A. C., Kalafati, I.-P., Mikkilä, V., ... Ordovás, J. M. (2015). Habitual sleep duration is associated with BMI and macronutrient intake and may be modified by CLOCK genetic variants. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 101(1), 135-43. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.095026

Dashti, HS, Follis, JL, Smith, CE, Tanaka, T, Cade, BE, Gottlieb, DJ, Hruby, A, Jacques, PF, Lamon-Fava, S, Richardson, K, Saxena, R, Scheer, FAJL, Kovanen, L, Bartz, TM, Perälä, M-M, Jonsson, AE, Frazier-Wood, AC, Kalafati, I-P, Mikkilä, V, Partonen, T, Lemaitre, RN, Lahti, J, Hernandez, DG, Toft, U, Johnson, WC, Kanoni, S, Raitakari, OT, Perola, M, Psaty, BM, Ferrucci, L, Grarup, N, Highland, HM, Rallidis, L, Kähönen, M, Havulinna, AS, Siscovick, DS, Räikkönen, K, Jørgensen, T, Rotter, JI, Deloukas, P, Viikari, JSA, Mozaffarian, D, Linneberg, A, Seppälä, I, Hansen, T, Salomaa, V, Gharib, SA, Eriksson, JG, Bandinelli, S, Pedersen, O, Rich, SS, Dedoussis, G, Lehtimäki, T & Ordovás, JM 2015, 'Habitual sleep duration is associated with BMI and macronutrient intake and may be modified by CLOCK genetic variants', The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 101, no. 1, pp. 135-43. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.095026

@article{f99efa492174485fb4077b4f6345e8bc,

title = "Habitual sleep duration is associated with BMI and macronutrient intake and may be modified by CLOCK genetic variants",

abstract = "Background: Short sleep duration has been associated with greater risks of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Also, common genetic variants in the human Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput (CLOCK) show associations with ghrelin and total energy intake. Objectives: We examined associations between habitual sleep duration, body mass index (BMI), and macronutrient intake and assessed whether CLOCK variants modify these associations. Design: We conducted inverse-variance weighted, fixed-effect meta-analyses of results of adjusted associations of sleep duration and BMI and macronutrient intake as percentages of total energy as well as interactions with CLOCK variants from 9 cohort studies including up to 14,906 participants of European descent from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium. Results: We observed a significant association between sleep duration and lower BMI (β ± SE = 0.16 ± 0.04, P < 0.0001) in the overall sample; however, associations between sleep duration and relative macronutrient intake were evident in age- and sex-stratified analyses only. We observed a significant association between sleep duration and lower saturated fatty acid intake in younger (aged 20-64 y) adults (men: 0.11 ± 0.06%, P = 0.03; women: 0.10 ± 0.05%, P = 0.04) and with lower carbohydrate (-0.31 ± 0.12%, P < 0.01), higher total fat (0.18 ± 0.09%, P = 0.05), and higher PUFA (0.05 ± 0.02%, P = 0.02) intakes in older (aged 65-80 y) women. In addition, the following 2 nominally significant interactions were observed: between sleep duration and rs12649507 on PUFA intake and between sleep duration and rs6858749 on protein intake. Conclusions: Our results indicate that longer habitual sleep duration is associated with lower BMI and age- and sex-specific favorable dietary behaviors. Differences in the relative intake of specific macronutrients associated with short sleep duration could, at least in part, explain previously reported associations between short sleep duration and chronic metabolic abnormalities. In addition, the influence of obesity-associated CLOCK variants on the association between sleep duration and macronutrient intake suggests that longer habitual sleep duration could ameliorate the genetic predisposition to obesity via a favorable dietary profile. Trials related to this study were registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00005133 (Cardiovascular Health Study), NCT00005121 (Framingham Offspring Study), NCT01331512 [Invecchiare in Chianti (Aging in the Chianti Area) study], NCT00289237 (Inter99), and NCT00005487 (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis).",

keywords = "Adult, Body Mass Index, CLOCK Proteins, Cohort Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet, Dietary Proteins, Energy Intake, European Continental Ancestry Group, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated, Female, Gene-Environment Interaction, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Sleep, Young Adult",

author = "Dashti, {Hassan S} and Follis, {Jack L} and Smith, {Caren E} and Toshiko Tanaka and Cade, {Brian E} and Gottlieb, {Daniel J} and Adela Hruby and Jacques, {Paul F} and Stefania Lamon-Fava and Kris Richardson and Richa Saxena and Scheer, {Frank A J L} and Leena Kovanen and Bartz, {Traci M} and Mia-Maria Per{\"a}l{\"a} and Jonsson, {Anna Elisabet} and Frazier-Wood, {Alexis C} and Ioanna-Panagiota Kalafati and Vera Mikkil{\"a} and Timo Partonen and Lemaitre, {Rozenn N} and Jari Lahti and Hernandez, {Dena G} and Ulla Toft and Johnson, {W Craig} and Stavroula Kanoni and Raitakari, {Olli T} and Markus Perola and Psaty, {Bruce M} and Luigi Ferrucci and Niels Grarup and Highland, {Heather M} and Loukianos Rallidis and Mika K{\"a}h{\"o}nen and Havulinna, {Aki S} and Siscovick, {David S} and Katri R{\"a}ikk{\"o}nen and Torben J{\o}rgensen and Rotter, {Jerome I} and Panos Deloukas and Viikari, {Jorma S A} and Dariush Mozaffarian and Allan Linneberg and Ilkka Sepp{\"a}l{\"a} and Torben Hansen and Veikko Salomaa and Gharib, {Sina A} and Eriksson, {Johan G} and Stefania Bandinelli and Oluf Pedersen and Rich, {Stephen S} and George Dedoussis and Terho Lehtim{\"a}ki and Ordov{\'a}s, {Jos{\'e} M}",

note = "{\textcopyright} 2015 American Society for Nutrition.",

year = "2015",

month = jan,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3945/ajcn.114.095026",

language = "English",

volume = "101",

pages = "135--43",

journal = "The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition",

issn = "0002-9165",

publisher = "American Society for Nutrition",

number = "1",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Habitual sleep duration is associated with BMI and macronutrient intake and may be modified by CLOCK genetic variants

AU - Dashti, Hassan S

AU - Follis, Jack L

AU - Smith, Caren E

AU - Tanaka, Toshiko

AU - Cade, Brian E

AU - Gottlieb, Daniel J

AU - Hruby, Adela

AU - Jacques, Paul F

AU - Lamon-Fava, Stefania

AU - Richardson, Kris

AU - Saxena, Richa

AU - Scheer, Frank A J L

AU - Kovanen, Leena

AU - Bartz, Traci M

AU - Perälä, Mia-Maria

AU - Jonsson, Anna Elisabet

AU - Frazier-Wood, Alexis C

AU - Kalafati, Ioanna-Panagiota

AU - Mikkilä, Vera

AU - Partonen, Timo

AU - Lemaitre, Rozenn N

AU - Lahti, Jari

AU - Hernandez, Dena G

AU - Toft, Ulla

AU - Johnson, W Craig

AU - Kanoni, Stavroula

AU - Raitakari, Olli T

AU - Perola, Markus

AU - Psaty, Bruce M

AU - Ferrucci, Luigi

AU - Grarup, Niels

AU - Highland, Heather M

AU - Rallidis, Loukianos

AU - Kähönen, Mika

AU - Havulinna, Aki S

AU - Siscovick, David S

AU - Räikkönen, Katri

AU - Jørgensen, Torben

AU - Rotter, Jerome I

AU - Deloukas, Panos

AU - Viikari, Jorma S A

AU - Mozaffarian, Dariush

AU - Linneberg, Allan

AU - Seppälä, Ilkka

AU - Hansen, Torben

AU - Salomaa, Veikko

AU - Gharib, Sina A

AU - Eriksson, Johan G

AU - Bandinelli, Stefania

AU - Pedersen, Oluf

AU - Rich, Stephen S

AU - Dedoussis, George

AU - Lehtimäki, Terho

AU - Ordovás, José M

PY - 2015/1/1

Y1 - 2015/1/1

N2 - Background: Short sleep duration has been associated with greater risks of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Also, common genetic variants in the human Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput (CLOCK) show associations with ghrelin and total energy intake. Objectives: We examined associations between habitual sleep duration, body mass index (BMI), and macronutrient intake and assessed whether CLOCK variants modify these associations. Design: We conducted inverse-variance weighted, fixed-effect meta-analyses of results of adjusted associations of sleep duration and BMI and macronutrient intake as percentages of total energy as well as interactions with CLOCK variants from 9 cohort studies including up to 14,906 participants of European descent from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium. Results: We observed a significant association between sleep duration and lower BMI (β ± SE = 0.16 ± 0.04, P < 0.0001) in the overall sample; however, associations between sleep duration and relative macronutrient intake were evident in age- and sex-stratified analyses only. We observed a significant association between sleep duration and lower saturated fatty acid intake in younger (aged 20-64 y) adults (men: 0.11 ± 0.06%, P = 0.03; women: 0.10 ± 0.05%, P = 0.04) and with lower carbohydrate (-0.31 ± 0.12%, P < 0.01), higher total fat (0.18 ± 0.09%, P = 0.05), and higher PUFA (0.05 ± 0.02%, P = 0.02) intakes in older (aged 65-80 y) women. In addition, the following 2 nominally significant interactions were observed: between sleep duration and rs12649507 on PUFA intake and between sleep duration and rs6858749 on protein intake. Conclusions: Our results indicate that longer habitual sleep duration is associated with lower BMI and age- and sex-specific favorable dietary behaviors. Differences in the relative intake of specific macronutrients associated with short sleep duration could, at least in part, explain previously reported associations between short sleep duration and chronic metabolic abnormalities. In addition, the influence of obesity-associated CLOCK variants on the association between sleep duration and macronutrient intake suggests that longer habitual sleep duration could ameliorate the genetic predisposition to obesity via a favorable dietary profile. Trials related to this study were registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00005133 (Cardiovascular Health Study), NCT00005121 (Framingham Offspring Study), NCT01331512 [Invecchiare in Chianti (Aging in the Chianti Area) study], NCT00289237 (Inter99), and NCT00005487 (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis).

AB - Background: Short sleep duration has been associated with greater risks of obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Also, common genetic variants in the human Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput (CLOCK) show associations with ghrelin and total energy intake. Objectives: We examined associations between habitual sleep duration, body mass index (BMI), and macronutrient intake and assessed whether CLOCK variants modify these associations. Design: We conducted inverse-variance weighted, fixed-effect meta-analyses of results of adjusted associations of sleep duration and BMI and macronutrient intake as percentages of total energy as well as interactions with CLOCK variants from 9 cohort studies including up to 14,906 participants of European descent from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium. Results: We observed a significant association between sleep duration and lower BMI (β ± SE = 0.16 ± 0.04, P < 0.0001) in the overall sample; however, associations between sleep duration and relative macronutrient intake were evident in age- and sex-stratified analyses only. We observed a significant association between sleep duration and lower saturated fatty acid intake in younger (aged 20-64 y) adults (men: 0.11 ± 0.06%, P = 0.03; women: 0.10 ± 0.05%, P = 0.04) and with lower carbohydrate (-0.31 ± 0.12%, P < 0.01), higher total fat (0.18 ± 0.09%, P = 0.05), and higher PUFA (0.05 ± 0.02%, P = 0.02) intakes in older (aged 65-80 y) women. In addition, the following 2 nominally significant interactions were observed: between sleep duration and rs12649507 on PUFA intake and between sleep duration and rs6858749 on protein intake. Conclusions: Our results indicate that longer habitual sleep duration is associated with lower BMI and age- and sex-specific favorable dietary behaviors. Differences in the relative intake of specific macronutrients associated with short sleep duration could, at least in part, explain previously reported associations between short sleep duration and chronic metabolic abnormalities. In addition, the influence of obesity-associated CLOCK variants on the association between sleep duration and macronutrient intake suggests that longer habitual sleep duration could ameliorate the genetic predisposition to obesity via a favorable dietary profile. Trials related to this study were registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00005133 (Cardiovascular Health Study), NCT00005121 (Framingham Offspring Study), NCT01331512 [Invecchiare in Chianti (Aging in the Chianti Area) study], NCT00289237 (Inter99), and NCT00005487 (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis).

KW - Adult

KW - Body Mass Index

KW - CLOCK Proteins

KW - Cohort Studies

KW - Cross-Sectional Studies

KW - Diet

KW - Dietary Proteins

KW - Energy Intake

KW - European Continental Ancestry Group

KW - Fatty Acids, Unsaturated

KW - Female

KW - Gene-Environment Interaction

KW - Genetic Predisposition to Disease

KW - Humans

KW - Male

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Obesity

KW - Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

KW - Sleep

KW - Young Adult

U2 - 10.3945/ajcn.114.095026

DO - 10.3945/ajcn.114.095026

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 25527757

SN - 0002-9165

VL - 101

SP - 135

EP - 143

JO - The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

JF - The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

IS - 1

ER -

Habitual sleep duration is associated with BMI and macronutrient intake and may be modified by CLOCK genetic variants

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Fingerprint

Cite this