Fructose intervention for 12 weeks does not impair glycemic control or incretin hormone responses during oral glucose or mixed meal tests in obese men

TY - JOUR

T1 - Fructose intervention for 12 weeks does not impair glycemic control or incretin hormone responses during oral glucose or mixed meal tests in obese men

AU - Matikainen, N

AU - Söderlund, S

AU - Björnson, E

AU - Bogl, L H

AU - Pietiläinen, K H

AU - Hakkarainen, A

AU - Lundbom, N

AU - Eliasson, B

AU - Räsänen, S M

AU - Rivellese, A

AU - Patti, L

AU - Prinster, A

AU - Riccardi, G

AU - Després, J-P

AU - Alméras, N

AU - Holst, J J

AU - Deacon, C F

AU - Borén, J

AU - Taskinen, M-R

N1 - Copyright © 2017 The Italian Society of Diabetology, the Italian Society for the Study of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition, and the Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

PY - 2017/6

Y1 - 2017/6

N2 - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are affected early on in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Epidemiologic studies consistently link high fructose consumption to insulin resistance but whether fructose consumption impairs the incretin response remains unknown.METHODS AND RESULTS: As many as 66 obese (BMI 26-40 kg/m(2)) male subjects consumed fructose-sweetened beverages containing 75 g fructose/day for 12 weeks while continuing their usual lifestyle. Glucose, insulin, GLP-1 and GIP were measured during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and triglycerides (TG), GLP-1, GIP and PYY during a mixed meal test before and after fructose intervention. Fructose intervention did not worsen glucose and insulin responses during OGTT, and GLP-1 and GIP responses during OGTT and fat-rich meal were unchanged. Postprandial TG response increased significantly, p = 0.004, and we observed small but significant increases in weight and liver fat content, but not in visceral or subcutaneous fat depots. However, even the subgroups who gained weight or liver fat during fructose intervention did not worsen their glucose, insulin, GLP-1 or PYY responses. A minor increase in GIP response during OGTT occurred in subjects who gained liver fat (p = 0.049).CONCLUSION: In obese males with features of metabolic syndrome, 12 weeks fructose intervention 75 g/day did not change glucose, insulin, GLP-1 or GIP responses during OGTT or GLP-1, GIP or PYY responses during a mixed meal. Therefore, fructose intake, even accompanied with mild weight gain, increases in liver fat and worsening of postprandial TG profile, does not impair glucose tolerance or gut incretin response to oral glucose or mixed meal challenge.

AB - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are affected early on in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Epidemiologic studies consistently link high fructose consumption to insulin resistance but whether fructose consumption impairs the incretin response remains unknown.METHODS AND RESULTS: As many as 66 obese (BMI 26-40 kg/m(2)) male subjects consumed fructose-sweetened beverages containing 75 g fructose/day for 12 weeks while continuing their usual lifestyle. Glucose, insulin, GLP-1 and GIP were measured during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and triglycerides (TG), GLP-1, GIP and PYY during a mixed meal test before and after fructose intervention. Fructose intervention did not worsen glucose and insulin responses during OGTT, and GLP-1 and GIP responses during OGTT and fat-rich meal were unchanged. Postprandial TG response increased significantly, p = 0.004, and we observed small but significant increases in weight and liver fat content, but not in visceral or subcutaneous fat depots. However, even the subgroups who gained weight or liver fat during fructose intervention did not worsen their glucose, insulin, GLP-1 or PYY responses. A minor increase in GIP response during OGTT occurred in subjects who gained liver fat (p = 0.049).CONCLUSION: In obese males with features of metabolic syndrome, 12 weeks fructose intervention 75 g/day did not change glucose, insulin, GLP-1 or GIP responses during OGTT or GLP-1, GIP or PYY responses during a mixed meal. Therefore, fructose intake, even accompanied with mild weight gain, increases in liver fat and worsening of postprandial TG profile, does not impair glucose tolerance or gut incretin response to oral glucose or mixed meal challenge.

KW - Adult

KW - Aged

KW - Beverages

KW - Biomarkers

KW - Blood Glucose

KW - Dietary Carbohydrates

KW - Drinking

KW - Europe

KW - Fructose

KW - Gastrointestinal Hormones

KW - Glucose Tolerance Test

KW - Humans

KW - Insulin

KW - Insulin Resistance

KW - Liver

KW - Male

KW - Metabolic Syndrome X

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Obesity

KW - Postprandial Period

KW - Predictive Value of Tests

KW - Quebec

KW - Time Factors

KW - Triglycerides

KW - Weight Gain

KW - Young Adult

KW - Clinical Trial

KW - Journal Article

KW - Multicenter Study

U2 - 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.03.003

DO - 10.1016/j.numecd.2017.03.003

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 28428027

SN - 0939-4753

VL - 27

SP - 534

EP - 542

JO - Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases

JF - Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases

IS - 6

ER -