Emotional demands and exhaustion: cross-sectional and longitudinal associations in a cohort of Danish public sector employees

Marianne Agergaard Vammen; Sigurd Mikkelsen; Julie Lyng Forman; Åse Marie Hansen; Jens Peter Bonde; Matias Brødsgaard Grynderup; Henrik Kolstad; Linda Kaerlev; Reiner Rugulies; Jane Frølund Thomsen

doi:10.1007/s00420-018-01398-w

Emotional demands and exhaustion: cross-sectional and longitudinal associations in a cohort of Danish public sector employees

Marianne Agergaard Vammen, Sigurd Mikkelsen, Julie Lyng Forman, Åse Marie Hansen, Jens Peter Bonde, Matias Brødsgaard Grynderup, Henrik Kolstad, Linda Kaerlev, Reiner Rugulies, Jane Frølund Thomsen

2 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

PURPOSE: To examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between content-related emotional demands at work and exhaustion, and to investigate if these associations were modified by other psychosocial work characteristics.

METHODS: In 2007, 4489 Danish public service employees participated in the PRISME study by completing postal questionnaires, and 3224 participated in the follow-up in 2009. Content-related emotional demands were measured by a scale (scored 1 to 5) based on five work-content-related items, and exhaustion was measured with the general exhaustion scale from the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) (scored 1 to 5). The cross-sectional and longitudinal associations with exhaustion were analysed in the same model and adjusted for effects of potential confounders. Effect modifications were examined separately for self-reported emotional enrichment, meaningful work, job control, social support at work and quantitative demands.

RESULTS: Exhaustion increased with increasing emotional demands, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. However, although statistically significant, the effect was small. In the longitudinal analysis, a one unit increase in emotional demands was associated with a 0.03 unit (95% CI: 0.01-0.06) increase in exhaustion. We found statistically significant effect modification for three of six potentially modifying work characteristics. The effect of emotional demands on exhaustion was lower for participants with high levels of emotional enrichment (cross-sectionally and longitudinally), high levels of meaningful work (longitudinally), and higher for high levels of quantitative demands (cross-sectionally).

CONCLUSIONS: Increasing content-related emotional demands were associated with increasing levels of exhaustion, cross-sectionally and longitudinally. This effect was reduced if the work was experienced as emotionally enriching and meaningful.

Original language	English
Journal	International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health
Volume	92
Issue number	5
Pages (from-to)	639-650
Number of pages	12
ISSN	0340-0131
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-018-01398-w
Publication status	Published - Jul 2019

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Vammen, M. A., Mikkelsen, S., Forman, J. L., Hansen, Å. M., Bonde, J. P., Grynderup, M. B., Kolstad, H., Kaerlev, L., Rugulies, R., & Thomsen, J. F. (2019). Emotional demands and exhaustion: cross-sectional and longitudinal associations in a cohort of Danish public sector employees. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 92(5), 639-650. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-018-01398-w

Emotional demands and exhaustion: cross-sectional and longitudinal associations in a cohort of Danish public sector employees. / Vammen, Marianne Agergaard; Mikkelsen, Sigurd; Forman, Julie Lyng et al.
In: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, Vol. 92, No. 5, 07.2019, p. 639-650.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Vammen, MA, Mikkelsen, S, Forman, JL , Hansen, ÅM , Bonde, JP, Grynderup, MB, Kolstad, H, Kaerlev, L, Rugulies, R & Thomsen, JF 2019, 'Emotional demands and exhaustion: cross-sectional and longitudinal associations in a cohort of Danish public sector employees', International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, vol. 92, no. 5, pp. 639-650. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-018-01398-w

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title = "Emotional demands and exhaustion: cross-sectional and longitudinal associations in a cohort of Danish public sector employees",

abstract = "PURPOSE: To examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between content-related emotional demands at work and exhaustion, and to investigate if these associations were modified by other psychosocial work characteristics.METHODS: In 2007, 4489 Danish public service employees participated in the PRISME study by completing postal questionnaires, and 3224 participated in the follow-up in 2009. Content-related emotional demands were measured by a scale (scored 1 to 5) based on five work-content-related items, and exhaustion was measured with the general exhaustion scale from the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) (scored 1 to 5). The cross-sectional and longitudinal associations with exhaustion were analysed in the same model and adjusted for effects of potential confounders. Effect modifications were examined separately for self-reported emotional enrichment, meaningful work, job control, social support at work and quantitative demands.RESULTS: Exhaustion increased with increasing emotional demands, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. However, although statistically significant, the effect was small. In the longitudinal analysis, a one unit increase in emotional demands was associated with a 0.03 unit (95% CI: 0.01-0.06) increase in exhaustion. We found statistically significant effect modification for three of six potentially modifying work characteristics. The effect of emotional demands on exhaustion was lower for participants with high levels of emotional enrichment (cross-sectionally and longitudinally), high levels of meaningful work (longitudinally), and higher for high levels of quantitative demands (cross-sectionally).CONCLUSIONS: Increasing content-related emotional demands were associated with increasing levels of exhaustion, cross-sectionally and longitudinally. This effect was reduced if the work was experienced as emotionally enriching and meaningful.",

author = "Vammen, {Marianne Agergaard} and Sigurd Mikkelsen and Forman, {Julie Lyng} and Hansen, {{\AA}se Marie} and Bonde, {Jens Peter} and Grynderup, {Matias Br{\o}dsgaard} and Henrik Kolstad and Linda Kaerlev and Reiner Rugulies and Thomsen, {Jane Fr{\o}lund}",

year = "2019",

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doi = "10.1007/s00420-018-01398-w",

language = "English",

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pages = "639--650",

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T1 - Emotional demands and exhaustion

T2 - cross-sectional and longitudinal associations in a cohort of Danish public sector employees

AU - Vammen, Marianne Agergaard

AU - Mikkelsen, Sigurd

AU - Forman, Julie Lyng

AU - Hansen, Åse Marie

AU - Bonde, Jens Peter

AU - Grynderup, Matias Brødsgaard

AU - Kolstad, Henrik

AU - Kaerlev, Linda

AU - Rugulies, Reiner

AU - Thomsen, Jane Frølund

PY - 2019/7

Y1 - 2019/7

N2 - PURPOSE: To examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between content-related emotional demands at work and exhaustion, and to investigate if these associations were modified by other psychosocial work characteristics.METHODS: In 2007, 4489 Danish public service employees participated in the PRISME study by completing postal questionnaires, and 3224 participated in the follow-up in 2009. Content-related emotional demands were measured by a scale (scored 1 to 5) based on five work-content-related items, and exhaustion was measured with the general exhaustion scale from the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) (scored 1 to 5). The cross-sectional and longitudinal associations with exhaustion were analysed in the same model and adjusted for effects of potential confounders. Effect modifications were examined separately for self-reported emotional enrichment, meaningful work, job control, social support at work and quantitative demands.RESULTS: Exhaustion increased with increasing emotional demands, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. However, although statistically significant, the effect was small. In the longitudinal analysis, a one unit increase in emotional demands was associated with a 0.03 unit (95% CI: 0.01-0.06) increase in exhaustion. We found statistically significant effect modification for three of six potentially modifying work characteristics. The effect of emotional demands on exhaustion was lower for participants with high levels of emotional enrichment (cross-sectionally and longitudinally), high levels of meaningful work (longitudinally), and higher for high levels of quantitative demands (cross-sectionally).CONCLUSIONS: Increasing content-related emotional demands were associated with increasing levels of exhaustion, cross-sectionally and longitudinally. This effect was reduced if the work was experienced as emotionally enriching and meaningful.

AB - PURPOSE: To examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between content-related emotional demands at work and exhaustion, and to investigate if these associations were modified by other psychosocial work characteristics.METHODS: In 2007, 4489 Danish public service employees participated in the PRISME study by completing postal questionnaires, and 3224 participated in the follow-up in 2009. Content-related emotional demands were measured by a scale (scored 1 to 5) based on five work-content-related items, and exhaustion was measured with the general exhaustion scale from the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) (scored 1 to 5). The cross-sectional and longitudinal associations with exhaustion were analysed in the same model and adjusted for effects of potential confounders. Effect modifications were examined separately for self-reported emotional enrichment, meaningful work, job control, social support at work and quantitative demands.RESULTS: Exhaustion increased with increasing emotional demands, both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. However, although statistically significant, the effect was small. In the longitudinal analysis, a one unit increase in emotional demands was associated with a 0.03 unit (95% CI: 0.01-0.06) increase in exhaustion. We found statistically significant effect modification for three of six potentially modifying work characteristics. The effect of emotional demands on exhaustion was lower for participants with high levels of emotional enrichment (cross-sectionally and longitudinally), high levels of meaningful work (longitudinally), and higher for high levels of quantitative demands (cross-sectionally).CONCLUSIONS: Increasing content-related emotional demands were associated with increasing levels of exhaustion, cross-sectionally and longitudinally. This effect was reduced if the work was experienced as emotionally enriching and meaningful.

U2 - 10.1007/s00420-018-01398-w

DO - 10.1007/s00420-018-01398-w

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 30864025

SN - 0340-0131

VL - 92

SP - 639

EP - 650

JO - International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health

JF - International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health

IS - 5

ER -

Emotional demands and exhaustion: cross-sectional and longitudinal associations in a cohort of Danish public sector employees

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