Effect of growth in infancy on body composition, insulin resistance, and concentration of appetite hormones in adolescence

Anni Larnkjaer; Lene Schack-Nielsen; Christian Mølgaard; Helga K Ingstrup; Jens Juul Holst; Kim F Michaelsen

doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.27956

Effect of growth in infancy on body composition, insulin resistance, and concentration of appetite hormones in adolescence

Anni Larnkjaer, Lene Schack-Nielsen, Christian Mølgaard, Helga K Ingstrup, Jens Juul Holst, Kim F Michaelsen

32 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: High infancy weight gain is associated with increased body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance (IR) in later life, but the association with later body composition has not been well explored. Appetite regulatory hormones may be programmed in early life, but data to support this are lacking. Objective: We investigated the effect of weight gain in infancy on body composition, IR, leptin, ghrelin, and adiponectin at 17 y of age. Design: This was an observational study of 95 term and appropriate-for-gestational-age infants. We measured weight at birth and 9 mo of age and, for a subgroup (n = 60), at 3 and 6 mo of age. Changes in weight SD scores from 0 to 9, 0 to 3, 3 to 6, and 6 to 9 mo of age were calculated. Follow-up examinations at 10 and 17 y of age included body fat (BF) assessment by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanning. We measured serum leptin, ghrelin adiponectin, and IR at 17 y of age. Results: Weight gain from 0 to 9 mo of age was positively associated with BMI (P < 0.003), percentage BF (P < 0.05), and percentage trunk fat (TF) (P < 0.03) but not with percentage TF relative to total BF, in childhood and adolescence, and most of these effects were explained by growth from 0 to 3 mo of age. Weight gains from 0 to 9 and 0 to 3 mo of age were not related to IR or leptin but were negatively associated with ghrelin and adiponectin corrected for BF at 17 y of age. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that high weight gain in infancy, especially from 0 to 3 mo of age, has a role in programming both BF and concentrations of ghrelin and adiponectin in adolescence, whereas there was no effect on IR or leptin in this study.

Original language	English
Journal	American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Volume	91
Issue number	6
Pages (from-to)	1675-83
Number of pages	9
ISSN	0002-9165
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2009.27956
Publication status	Published - 1 Jun 2010

Keywords

Absorptiometry, Photon
Adiponectin
Adolescent
Appetite
Body Composition
Child Development
Cohort Studies
Female
Ghrelin
Humans
Infant
Insulin Resistance
Leptin
Male
Peptide Hormones
Prospective Studies
Sex Factors
Statistics, Nonparametric
Weight Gain

Access to Document

10.3945/ajcn.2009.27956

Cite this

@article{84ecd96f0af54c309d2990731dc638c3,

title = "Effect of growth in infancy on body composition, insulin resistance, and concentration of appetite hormones in adolescence",

abstract = "Background: High infancy weight gain is associated with increased body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance (IR) in later life, but the association with later body composition has not been well explored. Appetite regulatory hormones may be programmed in early life, but data to support this are lacking. Objective: We investigated the effect of weight gain in infancy on body composition, IR, leptin, ghrelin, and adiponectin at 17 y of age. Design: This was an observational study of 95 term and appropriate-for-gestational-age infants. We measured weight at birth and 9 mo of age and, for a subgroup (n = 60), at 3 and 6 mo of age. Changes in weight SD scores from 0 to 9, 0 to 3, 3 to 6, and 6 to 9 mo of age were calculated. Follow-up examinations at 10 and 17 y of age included body fat (BF) assessment by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanning. We measured serum leptin, ghrelin adiponectin, and IR at 17 y of age. Results: Weight gain from 0 to 9 mo of age was positively associated with BMI (P < 0.003), percentage BF (P < 0.05), and percentage trunk fat (TF) (P < 0.03) but not with percentage TF relative to total BF, in childhood and adolescence, and most of these effects were explained by growth from 0 to 3 mo of age. Weight gains from 0 to 9 and 0 to 3 mo of age were not related to IR or leptin but were negatively associated with ghrelin and adiponectin corrected for BF at 17 y of age. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that high weight gain in infancy, especially from 0 to 3 mo of age, has a role in programming both BF and concentrations of ghrelin and adiponectin in adolescence, whereas there was no effect on IR or leptin in this study.",

keywords = "Absorptiometry, Photon, Adiponectin, Adolescent, Appetite, Body Composition, Child Development, Cohort Studies, Female, Ghrelin, Humans, Infant, Insulin Resistance, Leptin, Male, Peptide Hormones, Prospective Studies, Sex Factors, Statistics, Nonparametric, Weight Gain",

author = "Anni Larnkjaer and Lene Schack-Nielsen and Christian M{\o}lgaard and Ingstrup, {Helga K} and Holst, {Jens Juul} and Michaelsen, {Kim F}",

year = "2010",

month = jun,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3945/ajcn.2009.27956",

language = "English",

volume = "91",

pages = "1675--83",

journal = "American Journal of Clinical Nutrition",

issn = "0002-9165",

publisher = "American Society for Nutrition",

number = "6",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Effect of growth in infancy on body composition, insulin resistance, and concentration of appetite hormones in adolescence

AU - Larnkjaer, Anni

AU - Schack-Nielsen, Lene

AU - Mølgaard, Christian

AU - Ingstrup, Helga K

AU - Holst, Jens Juul

AU - Michaelsen, Kim F

PY - 2010/6/1

Y1 - 2010/6/1

N2 - Background: High infancy weight gain is associated with increased body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance (IR) in later life, but the association with later body composition has not been well explored. Appetite regulatory hormones may be programmed in early life, but data to support this are lacking. Objective: We investigated the effect of weight gain in infancy on body composition, IR, leptin, ghrelin, and adiponectin at 17 y of age. Design: This was an observational study of 95 term and appropriate-for-gestational-age infants. We measured weight at birth and 9 mo of age and, for a subgroup (n = 60), at 3 and 6 mo of age. Changes in weight SD scores from 0 to 9, 0 to 3, 3 to 6, and 6 to 9 mo of age were calculated. Follow-up examinations at 10 and 17 y of age included body fat (BF) assessment by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanning. We measured serum leptin, ghrelin adiponectin, and IR at 17 y of age. Results: Weight gain from 0 to 9 mo of age was positively associated with BMI (P < 0.003), percentage BF (P < 0.05), and percentage trunk fat (TF) (P < 0.03) but not with percentage TF relative to total BF, in childhood and adolescence, and most of these effects were explained by growth from 0 to 3 mo of age. Weight gains from 0 to 9 and 0 to 3 mo of age were not related to IR or leptin but were negatively associated with ghrelin and adiponectin corrected for BF at 17 y of age. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that high weight gain in infancy, especially from 0 to 3 mo of age, has a role in programming both BF and concentrations of ghrelin and adiponectin in adolescence, whereas there was no effect on IR or leptin in this study.

AB - Background: High infancy weight gain is associated with increased body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance (IR) in later life, but the association with later body composition has not been well explored. Appetite regulatory hormones may be programmed in early life, but data to support this are lacking. Objective: We investigated the effect of weight gain in infancy on body composition, IR, leptin, ghrelin, and adiponectin at 17 y of age. Design: This was an observational study of 95 term and appropriate-for-gestational-age infants. We measured weight at birth and 9 mo of age and, for a subgroup (n = 60), at 3 and 6 mo of age. Changes in weight SD scores from 0 to 9, 0 to 3, 3 to 6, and 6 to 9 mo of age were calculated. Follow-up examinations at 10 and 17 y of age included body fat (BF) assessment by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanning. We measured serum leptin, ghrelin adiponectin, and IR at 17 y of age. Results: Weight gain from 0 to 9 mo of age was positively associated with BMI (P < 0.003), percentage BF (P < 0.05), and percentage trunk fat (TF) (P < 0.03) but not with percentage TF relative to total BF, in childhood and adolescence, and most of these effects were explained by growth from 0 to 3 mo of age. Weight gains from 0 to 9 and 0 to 3 mo of age were not related to IR or leptin but were negatively associated with ghrelin and adiponectin corrected for BF at 17 y of age. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that high weight gain in infancy, especially from 0 to 3 mo of age, has a role in programming both BF and concentrations of ghrelin and adiponectin in adolescence, whereas there was no effect on IR or leptin in this study.

KW - Absorptiometry, Photon

KW - Adiponectin

KW - Adolescent

KW - Appetite

KW - Body Composition

KW - Child Development

KW - Cohort Studies

KW - Female

KW - Ghrelin

KW - Humans

KW - Infant

KW - Insulin Resistance

KW - Leptin

KW - Male

KW - Peptide Hormones

KW - Prospective Studies

KW - Sex Factors

KW - Statistics, Nonparametric

KW - Weight Gain

U2 - 10.3945/ajcn.2009.27956

DO - 10.3945/ajcn.2009.27956

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 20410092

SN - 0002-9165

VL - 91

SP - 1675

EP - 1683

JO - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

JF - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

IS - 6

ER -

Effect of growth in infancy on body composition, insulin resistance, and concentration of appetite hormones in adolescence

Abstract

Keywords

Access to Document

Fingerprint

Cite this