CRISPR/Cas and CRISPR/Cmr immune systems of archaea

Shiraz Ali Shah; Gisle Alberg Vestergaard; Roger Antony Garrett

doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-0218-3_9

CRISPR/Cas and CRISPR/Cmr immune systems of archaea

Shiraz Ali Shah, Gisle Alberg Vestergaard, Roger Antony Garrett

Functional Genomics

7 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The CRISPR/Cas (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-Associated Genes) and CRISPR/Cmr systems (Cmr: Cas module-RAMP (Repeat-Associated Mysterious Proteins)) provide the basis for adaptive and hereditable immune responses directed against the DNA and RNA, respectively, of invading elements. The former consists of CRISPR loci physically linked to a cassette of cas genes which together appear to constitute integral genetic modules. cmr genes, clustered in Cmr modules, are sometimes physically linked to CRISPR/Cas modules. The CRISPR/Cas immune system occurs in almost all archaea and about 40 % of bacteria. Cmr modules are less common, occurring in only about one third of genomes carrying CRISPR/Cas modules. An outline of how the CRISPR/Cas and CRISPR/Cmr systems function is indicated in Figure 1 where the former targets DNA and the latter RNA (mRNA and/or viral RNA) of the genetic elements.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Regulatory RNAs in prokaryotes
Number of pages	19
Publisher	Springer
Publication date	1 Jan 2012
Pages	163-181
Chapter	9
ISBN (Print)	978-3-7091-0217-6
ISBN (Electronic)	978-3-7091-0218-3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0218-3_9
Publication status	Published - 1 Jan 2012

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CRISPR/Cas and CRISPR/Cmr immune systems of archaea

Abstract

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