Cell-cycle-dependent regulation of cell motility and determination of the role of Rac1

TY - JOUR

T1 - Cell-cycle-dependent regulation of cell motility and determination of the role of Rac1

AU - Walmod, Peter S.

AU - Hartmann-Petersen, Rasmus

AU - Prag, S.

AU - Lepekhin, E. L.

AU - Røpke, C.

AU - Berezin, V.

AU - Bock, E.

N1 - Author Keywords: Actin; Cell cycle; Cell migration; Cell morphology; Cell motility; Cytoskeleton; GTPase; Rac1; Tubulin

PY - 2004

Y1 - 2004

N2 - To study cell motility in different phases of the cell cycle, time-lapse recording by computer-assisted microscopy of unsynchronised cells from three mammalian cell lines (L929, BT4Cn, HeLa) was used for the determination of the displacements of individual cells. The displacements were used for calculation of three key parameters describing cell motility: speed, persistence time and rate of diffusion.All investigated cell lines demonstrated a lower cell displacement in the G2 phase than in the G1/S phases. This was caused by a decrease in speed and/or persistence time. The decrease in motility was accompanied by changes in morphology reflecting the larger volume of cells in G2 than in G1. Furthermore, L-cells and HeLa-cells appeared to be less adherent in the G2 phase.Transfection of L-cells with constitutively active Rac1 led to a general increase in the speed and rate of diffusion in G2 to levels comparable to those of control cells in G1. In contrast, transfection with dominant-negative Rac1 reduced cell speed and resulted in cellular displacements, which were identical in G1 and G2.These observations indicate that migration of cultured cells is regulated in a cell-cycle-dependent manner, and that an enhancement of Rac1 activity is sufficient for a delay of the reduced cell displacement otherwise seen in G2.

AB - To study cell motility in different phases of the cell cycle, time-lapse recording by computer-assisted microscopy of unsynchronised cells from three mammalian cell lines (L929, BT4Cn, HeLa) was used for the determination of the displacements of individual cells. The displacements were used for calculation of three key parameters describing cell motility: speed, persistence time and rate of diffusion.All investigated cell lines demonstrated a lower cell displacement in the G2 phase than in the G1/S phases. This was caused by a decrease in speed and/or persistence time. The decrease in motility was accompanied by changes in morphology reflecting the larger volume of cells in G2 than in G1. Furthermore, L-cells and HeLa-cells appeared to be less adherent in the G2 phase.Transfection of L-cells with constitutively active Rac1 led to a general increase in the speed and rate of diffusion in G2 to levels comparable to those of control cells in G1. In contrast, transfection with dominant-negative Rac1 reduced cell speed and resulted in cellular displacements, which were identical in G1 and G2.These observations indicate that migration of cultured cells is regulated in a cell-cycle-dependent manner, and that an enhancement of Rac1 activity is sufficient for a delay of the reduced cell displacement otherwise seen in G2.

U2 - 10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.01.011

DO - 10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.01.011

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 15093740

SN - 0014-4827

VL - 295

SP - 407

EP - 420

JO - Experimental Cell Research

JF - Experimental Cell Research

IS - 2

ER -