TY - JOUR
T1 - Bile acids induce glucagon-like peptide 2 secretion with limited effects on intestinal adaptation in early weaned pigs
AU - Ipharraguerre, Ignacio R
AU - Tedó, Gemma
AU - Menoyo, David
AU - de Diego Cabero, Nuria
AU - Holst, Jens Juul
AU - Nofrarías, Miquel
AU - Mereu, Alessandro
AU - Burrin, Douglas G
PY - 2013/12/1
Y1 - 2013/12/1
N2 - Early weaning is a stressful event characterized by a transient period of intestinal atrophy that may be mediated by reduced secretion of glucagon-like peptide (GLP) 2. We tested whether enterally fed bile acids or plant sterols could increase nutrient-dependent GLP-2 secretion and improve intestinal adaptation in weanling pigs. During the first 6 d after weaning, piglets were intragastrically infused once daily with either deionized water (control), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDC; 60mg/kg body weight), or b-sitoesterol (BSE; 100 mg/kg body weight). Infusing CDC increased plasma GLP-2 (P < 0.05) but did not affect plasma GLP-1 and feed intake. The intestinal expression of glucagon-like peptide 2 receptor, sodiumdependent bile acid transporter, farnesoid X receptor, and guanosine protein-coupled bile acid receptor genes were not affected by CDC treatment. The intragastric administration of CDC did not alter the weight and length of the intestine, yet increased the activation of caspase-3 in ileal villi (P < 0.02) and the expression of interleukin 6 (P < 0.002) in the jejunum. In contrast, infusing BSE did not affect any of the variables that were measured. Our results show that the enteral administration of the bile acid CDC potentiates the nutrient-induced secretion of endogenous GLP-2 in early-weaned pigs. Bile acid-enhanced release of GLP-2, however, did not result in improved intestinal growth, morphology, or inflammation during the postweaning degenerative phase.
AB - Early weaning is a stressful event characterized by a transient period of intestinal atrophy that may be mediated by reduced secretion of glucagon-like peptide (GLP) 2. We tested whether enterally fed bile acids or plant sterols could increase nutrient-dependent GLP-2 secretion and improve intestinal adaptation in weanling pigs. During the first 6 d after weaning, piglets were intragastrically infused once daily with either deionized water (control), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDC; 60mg/kg body weight), or b-sitoesterol (BSE; 100 mg/kg body weight). Infusing CDC increased plasma GLP-2 (P < 0.05) but did not affect plasma GLP-1 and feed intake. The intestinal expression of glucagon-like peptide 2 receptor, sodiumdependent bile acid transporter, farnesoid X receptor, and guanosine protein-coupled bile acid receptor genes were not affected by CDC treatment. The intragastric administration of CDC did not alter the weight and length of the intestine, yet increased the activation of caspase-3 in ileal villi (P < 0.02) and the expression of interleukin 6 (P < 0.002) in the jejunum. In contrast, infusing BSE did not affect any of the variables that were measured. Our results show that the enteral administration of the bile acid CDC potentiates the nutrient-induced secretion of endogenous GLP-2 in early-weaned pigs. Bile acid-enhanced release of GLP-2, however, did not result in improved intestinal growth, morphology, or inflammation during the postweaning degenerative phase.
KW - Adaptation, Physiological
KW - Animals
KW - Bile Acids and Salts
KW - Female
KW - Glucagon-Like Peptide 2
KW - Intestines
KW - Male
KW - Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
KW - Swine
U2 - 10.3945/jn.113.177865
DO - 10.3945/jn.113.177865
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 24047704
SN - 0022-3166
VL - 143
SP - 1899
EP - 1905
JO - Journal of Nutrition
JF - Journal of Nutrition
IS - 12
ER -