Associations between birth weight and glucose intolerance in adulthood among Greenlandic Inuit

TY - JOUR

T1 - Associations between birth weight and glucose intolerance in adulthood among Greenlandic Inuit

AU - Rønn, Pernille Falberg

AU - Jørgensen, Marit Eika

AU - Smith, Lærke Steenberg

AU - Bjerregaard, Peter

AU - Dahl-Petersen, Inger Katrine

AU - Larsen, Christina Viskum Lytken

AU - Grarup, Niels

AU - Andersen, Gregers Stig

N1 - Copyright © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

PY - 2019/4

Y1 - 2019/4

N2 - AIMS: To examine the association between birth weight and glucose intolerance in adult Greenlandic Inuit.METHODS: We examined 1429 participants aged 18-56 years from two population-based, cross-sectional studies in Greenland with information on birth weight. Oral glucose tolerance tests, anthropometric measures and ultrasound of abdominal tissue were performed. Associations of birth weight with glucose markers were analysed using linear or logistic regressions. Spline analyses were conducted to examine u-shaped associations. Adjustments were done for age, sex, birth place, family history of diabetes, genetic admixture, TBC1D4 p.Arg684Ter carrier status, BMI and visceral adipose tissue.RESULTS: The median birthweight was 3300 g and 3.9% had type 2 diabetes, T2DM. Spline analyses indicated overall linear associations. In fully adjusted analyses, an increase in birth weight of 1 kg was associated with a change in fasting plasma glucose of -0.06 mmol/L (95%CI: -0.11, -0.01), 2-h plasma glucose of -0.16 mmol/L (95%CI: -0.35, 0.02), HOMA-IR of -5.45% (95%CI: -10.34, -0.29), insulin sensitivity index of 7.04% (95%CI: 1.88, 12.45) and a trend towards a reduced risk of hyperglycaemia and T2DM, although statistically insignificant.CONCLUSIONS: Birth weight was inversely associated with hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance independently of adult adiposity. Thus, the findings support low birth weight as a contributing factor for glucose intolerance in adult Inuit in Greenland.

AB - AIMS: To examine the association between birth weight and glucose intolerance in adult Greenlandic Inuit.METHODS: We examined 1429 participants aged 18-56 years from two population-based, cross-sectional studies in Greenland with information on birth weight. Oral glucose tolerance tests, anthropometric measures and ultrasound of abdominal tissue were performed. Associations of birth weight with glucose markers were analysed using linear or logistic regressions. Spline analyses were conducted to examine u-shaped associations. Adjustments were done for age, sex, birth place, family history of diabetes, genetic admixture, TBC1D4 p.Arg684Ter carrier status, BMI and visceral adipose tissue.RESULTS: The median birthweight was 3300 g and 3.9% had type 2 diabetes, T2DM. Spline analyses indicated overall linear associations. In fully adjusted analyses, an increase in birth weight of 1 kg was associated with a change in fasting plasma glucose of -0.06 mmol/L (95%CI: -0.11, -0.01), 2-h plasma glucose of -0.16 mmol/L (95%CI: -0.35, 0.02), HOMA-IR of -5.45% (95%CI: -10.34, -0.29), insulin sensitivity index of 7.04% (95%CI: 1.88, 12.45) and a trend towards a reduced risk of hyperglycaemia and T2DM, although statistically insignificant.CONCLUSIONS: Birth weight was inversely associated with hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance independently of adult adiposity. Thus, the findings support low birth weight as a contributing factor for glucose intolerance in adult Inuit in Greenland.

U2 - 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.03.005

DO - 10.1016/j.diabres.2019.03.005

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 30851284

SN - 0168-8227

VL - 150

SP - 129

EP - 137

JO - Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

JF - Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

ER -