TY - JOUR
T1 - The glutamate receptor GluR5 agonist (S)-2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-6H-cyclohepta[d]isoxazol-4-yl)propionic acid and the 8-methyl analogue
T2 - synthesis, molecular pharmacology, and biostructural characterization
AU - Clausen, Rasmus Prætorius
AU - Naur, Peter
AU - Kristensen, Anders Skov
AU - Greenwood, Jeremy R
AU - Strange, Mette
AU - Bräuner-Osborne, Hans
AU - Jensen, Anders Asbjørn
AU - Nielsen, Anne Sophie T
AU - Geneser, Ulla
AU - Ringgaard, Lone M
AU - Nielsen, Birgitte
AU - Pickering, Darryl S
AU - Brehm, Lotte
AU - Gajhede, Michael
AU - Krogsgaard-Larsen, Povl
AU - Kastrup, Jette Sandholm
N1 - Keywords: Animals; Cell Line; Crystallography, X-Ray; Drug Design; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Humans; Models, Molecular; Propionic Acids; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Stereoisomerism; Structure-Activity Relationship; Xenopus laevis
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - The design, synthesis, and pharmacological characterization of a highly potent and selective glutamate GluR5 agonist is reported. (S)-2-Amino-3-((RS)-3-hydroxy-8-methyl-7,8-dihydro-6H-cyclohepta[d]isoxazol-4-yl)propionic acid (5) is the 8-methyl analogue of (S)-2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-6H-cyclohepta[d]isoxazol-4-yl)propionic acid ((S)-4-AHCP, 4). Compound 5 displays an improved selectivity profile compared to 4. A versatile stereoselective synthetic route for this class of compounds is presented along with the characterization of the binding affinity of 5 to ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs). Functional characterization of 5 at cloned iGluRs using a calcium imaging assay and voltage-clamp recordings show a different activation of GluR5 compared to (S)-glutamic acid (Glu), kainic acid (KA, 1), and (S)-2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-tert-butyl-4-isoxazolyl)propionic acid ((S)-ATPA, 3) as previously demonstrated for 4. An X-ray crystallographic analysis of 4 and computational analyses of 4 and 5 bound to the GluR5 agonist binding domain (ABD) are presented, including a watermap analysis, which suggests that water molecules in the agonist binding site are important selectivity determinants.
AB - The design, synthesis, and pharmacological characterization of a highly potent and selective glutamate GluR5 agonist is reported. (S)-2-Amino-3-((RS)-3-hydroxy-8-methyl-7,8-dihydro-6H-cyclohepta[d]isoxazol-4-yl)propionic acid (5) is the 8-methyl analogue of (S)-2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-6H-cyclohepta[d]isoxazol-4-yl)propionic acid ((S)-4-AHCP, 4). Compound 5 displays an improved selectivity profile compared to 4. A versatile stereoselective synthetic route for this class of compounds is presented along with the characterization of the binding affinity of 5 to ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs). Functional characterization of 5 at cloned iGluRs using a calcium imaging assay and voltage-clamp recordings show a different activation of GluR5 compared to (S)-glutamic acid (Glu), kainic acid (KA, 1), and (S)-2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-tert-butyl-4-isoxazolyl)propionic acid ((S)-ATPA, 3) as previously demonstrated for 4. An X-ray crystallographic analysis of 4 and computational analyses of 4 and 5 bound to the GluR5 agonist binding domain (ABD) are presented, including a watermap analysis, which suggests that water molecules in the agonist binding site are important selectivity determinants.
KW - Former Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
U2 - 10.1021/jm900565c
DO - 10.1021/jm900565c
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 19588945
SN - 0022-2623
VL - 52
SP - 4911
EP - 4922
JO - Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
JF - Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
IS - 15
ER -