Particulate matter air pollution components and risk for lung cancer

O Raaschou-Nielsen, R Beelen, M. Wang, G Hoek, Z J Andersen, B Hoffmann, M Stafoggia, E Samoli, G Weinmayr, K Dimakopoulou, M Nieuwenhuijsen, W W Xun, P Fischer, K T Eriksen, M Sørensen, A Tjønneland, F Ricceri, K de Hoogh, T Key, M EeftensP H Peeters, H B Bueno-de-Mesquita, K Meliefste, B Oftedal, P E Schwarze, P Nafstad, C Galassi, E Migliore, A Ranzi, G Cesaroni, C Badaloni, F Forastiere, J Penell, U De Faire, M Korek, N Pedersen, C-G Östenson, G Pershagen, L Fratiglioni, H Concin, G Nagel, A Jaensch, A Ineichen, A Naccarati, M Katsoulis, A Trichpoulou, M Keuken, A Jedynska, I M Kooter, J Kukkonen, B Brunekreef, R S Sokhi, K Katsouyanni, P Vineis

148 Citationer (Scopus)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Particulate matter (PM) air pollution is a human lung carcinogen; however, the components responsible have not been identified. We assessed the associations between PM components and lung cancer incidence.

METHODS: We used data from 14 cohort studies in eight European countries. We geocoded baseline addresses and assessed air pollution with land-use regression models for eight elements (Cu, Fe, K, Ni, S, Si, V and Zn) in size fractions of PM2.5 and PM10. We used Cox regression models with adjustment for potential confounders for cohort-specific analyses and random effect models for meta-analysis.

RESULTS: The 245,782 cohort members contributed 3,229,220person-years at risk. During follow-up (mean, 13.1years), 1878 incident cases of lung cancer were diagnosed. In the meta-analyses, elevated hazard ratios (HRs) for lung cancer were associated with all elements except V; none was statistically significant. In analyses restricted to participants who did not change residence during follow-up, statistically significant associations were found for PM2.5 Cu (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.01-1.53 per 5ng/m(3)), PM10 Zn (1.28; 1.02-1.59 per 20ng/m(3)), PM10 S (1.58; 1.03-2.44 per 200ng/m(3)), PM10 Ni (1.59; 1.12-2.26 per 2ng/m(3)) and PM10 K (1.17; 1.02-1.33 per 100ng/m(3)). In two-pollutant models, associations between PM10 and PM2.5 and lung cancer were largely explained by PM2.5 S.

CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that the association between PM in air pollution and lung cancer can be attributed to various PM components and sources. PM containing S and Ni might be particularly important.

OriginalsprogEngelsk
TidsskriftEnvironment International
Vol/bind87
Sider (fra-til)66-73
Antal sider8
ISSN0160-4120
DOI
StatusUdgivet - 1 feb. 2016

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