Mislocalization of the MRN complex prevents ATR signaling during adenovirus infection

TY - JOUR

T1 - Mislocalization of the MRN complex prevents ATR signaling during adenovirus infection

AU - Carson, Christian T

AU - Orazio, Nicole I

AU - Lee, Darwin V

AU - Suh, Junghae

AU - Bekker-Jensen, Simon

AU - Araujo, Felipe D

AU - Lakdawala, Seema S

AU - Lilley, Caroline E

AU - Bartek, Jiri

AU - Lukas, Jiri

AU - Weitzman, Matthew D

N1 - Keywords: Adenoviridae; Adenoviridae Infections; Adenovirus E4 Proteins; Amino Acid Sequence; Cell Cycle Proteins; Cell Line; DNA Repair Enzymes; DNA-Binding Proteins; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Multiprotein Complexes; Nuclear Proteins; Phosphorylation; Protein Transport; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases; Signal Transduction; Tumor Suppressor Proteins; Virus Replication

PY - 2009

Y1 - 2009

N2 - The protein kinases ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ATM-Rad3 related (ATR) are activated in response to DNA damage, genotoxic stress and virus infections. Here we show that during infection with wild-type adenovirus, ATR and its cofactors RPA32, ATRIP and TopBP1 accumulate at viral replication centres, but there is minimal ATR activation. We show that the Mre11/Rad50/Nbs1 (MRN) complex is recruited to viral centres only during infection with adenoviruses lacking the early region E4 and ATR signaling is activated. This suggests a novel requirement for the MRN complex in ATR activation during virus infection, which is independent of Mre11 nuclease activity and recruitment of RPA/ATR/ATRIP/TopBP1. Unlike other damage scenarios, we found that ATM and ATR signaling are not dependent on each other during infection. We identify a region of the viral E4orf3 protein responsible for immobilization of the MRN complex and show that this prevents ATR signaling during adenovirus infection. We propose that immobilization of the MRN damage sensor by E4orf3 protein prevents recognition of viral genomes and blocks detrimental aspects of checkpoint signaling during virus infection.

AB - The protein kinases ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ATM-Rad3 related (ATR) are activated in response to DNA damage, genotoxic stress and virus infections. Here we show that during infection with wild-type adenovirus, ATR and its cofactors RPA32, ATRIP and TopBP1 accumulate at viral replication centres, but there is minimal ATR activation. We show that the Mre11/Rad50/Nbs1 (MRN) complex is recruited to viral centres only during infection with adenoviruses lacking the early region E4 and ATR signaling is activated. This suggests a novel requirement for the MRN complex in ATR activation during virus infection, which is independent of Mre11 nuclease activity and recruitment of RPA/ATR/ATRIP/TopBP1. Unlike other damage scenarios, we found that ATM and ATR signaling are not dependent on each other during infection. We identify a region of the viral E4orf3 protein responsible for immobilization of the MRN complex and show that this prevents ATR signaling during adenovirus infection. We propose that immobilization of the MRN damage sensor by E4orf3 protein prevents recognition of viral genomes and blocks detrimental aspects of checkpoint signaling during virus infection.

U2 - 10.1038/emboj.2009.15

DO - 10.1038/emboj.2009.15

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 19197236

SN - 0261-4189

VL - 28

SP - 652

EP - 662

JO - EMBO Journal

JF - EMBO Journal

IS - 6

ER -