Maternal fish oil supplementation during lactation is associated with reduced height at 13 years of age and higher blood pressure in boys only

Lotte Lauritzen; S E Eriksen; Mads Fiil Hjorth; Maria Søgaard Nielsen; Sjurdur F. Olsen; K D Stark; Kim F. Michaelsen; Camilla Trab Damsgaard

doi:10.1017/s0007114516004293

Maternal fish oil supplementation during lactation is associated with reduced height at 13 years of age and higher blood pressure in boys only

Lotte Lauritzen, S E Eriksen, Mads Fiil Hjorth, Maria Søgaard Nielsen, Sjurdur F. Olsen, K D Stark, Kim F. Michaelsen, Camilla Trab Damsgaard

6 Citationer (Scopus)

Abstract

Dietary long-chain n-3 PUFA (n-3 LCPUFA) in infancy may have long-term effects on lifestyle disease risk. The present follow-up study investigated whether maternal fish oil (FO) supplementation during lactation affected growth and blood pressure in adolescents and whether the effects differed between boys and girls. Mother-infant pairs (n 103) completed a randomised controlled trial with FO (1·5 g/d n-3 LCPUFA) or olive oil (OO) supplements during the first 4 months of lactation; forty-seven mother-infant pairs with high fish intake were followed-up for 4 months as the reference group. We also followed-up 100 children with assessment of growth, blood pressure, diet by FFQ and physical activity by 7-d accelerometry at 13·5 (sd 0·4) years of age. Dried whole-blood fatty acid composition was analysed in a subgroup (n 49). At 13 years of age, whole-blood n-3 LCPUFA, diet, physical activity and body composition did not differ between the three groups. The children from the FO group were 3·4 (95 % CI 0·2, 6·6) cm shorter (P=0·035) than those from the OO group, and tended to have less advanced puberty (P=0·068), which explained the difference in height. There was a sex-specific effect on diastolic blood pressure (P sex×group=0·020), which was driven by a 3·9 (95 % CI 0·2, 7·5) mmHg higher diastolic blood pressure in the FO compared with the OO group among boys only (P=0·041). Our results indicate that early n-3 LCPUFA intake may reduce height in early adolescence due to a delay in pubertal maturation and increase blood pressure specifically in boys, thereby tending to counteract existing sex differences.

Originalsprog	Engelsk
Tidsskrift	The British Journal of Nutrition
Vol/bind	116
Udgave nummer	12
Sider (fra-til)	2082-2090
Antal sider	9
ISSN	0007-1145
DOI	https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114516004293
Status	Udgivet - 28 dec. 2016

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10.1017/s0007114516004293

div-class-title-maternal-fish-oil-supplementation-during-lactation-is-associated-with-reduced-height-at-13-years-of-age-and-higher-blood-pressure-in-boys-only-div.pdfForlagets udgivne version, 649 KB

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Lauritzen, L., Eriksen, S. E., Hjorth, M. F., Nielsen, M. S., Olsen, S. F., Stark, K. D., Michaelsen, K. F., & Damsgaard, C. T. (2016). Maternal fish oil supplementation during lactation is associated with reduced height at 13 years of age and higher blood pressure in boys only. The British Journal of Nutrition, 116(12), 2082-2090. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114516004293

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title = "Maternal fish oil supplementation during lactation is associated with reduced height at 13 years of age and higher blood pressure in boys only",

abstract = "Dietary long-chain n-3 PUFA (n-3 LCPUFA) in infancy may have long-term effects on lifestyle disease risk. The present follow-up study investigated whether maternal fish oil (FO) supplementation during lactation affected growth and blood pressure in adolescents and whether the effects differed between boys and girls. Mother-infant pairs (n 103) completed a randomised controlled trial with FO (1·5 g/d n-3 LCPUFA) or olive oil (OO) supplements during the first 4 months of lactation; forty-seven mother-infant pairs with high fish intake were followed-up for 4 months as the reference group. We also followed-up 100 children with assessment of growth, blood pressure, diet by FFQ and physical activity by 7-d accelerometry at 13·5 (sd 0·4) years of age. Dried whole-blood fatty acid composition was analysed in a subgroup (n 49). At 13 years of age, whole-blood n-3 LCPUFA, diet, physical activity and body composition did not differ between the three groups. The children from the FO group were 3·4 (95 % CI 0·2, 6·6) cm shorter (P=0·035) than those from the OO group, and tended to have less advanced puberty (P=0·068), which explained the difference in height. There was a sex-specific effect on diastolic blood pressure (P sex×group=0·020), which was driven by a 3·9 (95 % CI 0·2, 7·5) mmHg higher diastolic blood pressure in the FO compared with the OO group among boys only (P=0·041). Our results indicate that early n-3 LCPUFA intake may reduce height in early adolescence due to a delay in pubertal maturation and increase blood pressure specifically in boys, thereby tending to counteract existing sex differences.",

keywords = "Faculty of Science, n-3 long-chain PUFA, Puberty, Growth, Programming, Health",

author = "Lotte Lauritzen and Eriksen, {S E} and Hjorth, {Mads Fiil} and Nielsen, {Maria S{\o}gaard} and Olsen, {Sjurdur F.} and Stark, {K D} and Michaelsen, {Kim F.} and Damsgaard, {Camilla Trab}",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Maternal fish oil supplementation during lactation is associated with reduced height at 13 years of age and higher blood pressure in boys only

AU - Lauritzen, Lotte

AU - Eriksen, S E

AU - Hjorth, Mads Fiil

AU - Nielsen, Maria Søgaard

AU - Olsen, Sjurdur F.

AU - Stark, K D

AU - Michaelsen, Kim F.

AU - Damsgaard, Camilla Trab

N1 - CURIS 2016 NEXS 383

PY - 2016/12/28

Y1 - 2016/12/28

N2 - Dietary long-chain n-3 PUFA (n-3 LCPUFA) in infancy may have long-term effects on lifestyle disease risk. The present follow-up study investigated whether maternal fish oil (FO) supplementation during lactation affected growth and blood pressure in adolescents and whether the effects differed between boys and girls. Mother-infant pairs (n 103) completed a randomised controlled trial with FO (1·5 g/d n-3 LCPUFA) or olive oil (OO) supplements during the first 4 months of lactation; forty-seven mother-infant pairs with high fish intake were followed-up for 4 months as the reference group. We also followed-up 100 children with assessment of growth, blood pressure, diet by FFQ and physical activity by 7-d accelerometry at 13·5 (sd 0·4) years of age. Dried whole-blood fatty acid composition was analysed in a subgroup (n 49). At 13 years of age, whole-blood n-3 LCPUFA, diet, physical activity and body composition did not differ between the three groups. The children from the FO group were 3·4 (95 % CI 0·2, 6·6) cm shorter (P=0·035) than those from the OO group, and tended to have less advanced puberty (P=0·068), which explained the difference in height. There was a sex-specific effect on diastolic blood pressure (P sex×group=0·020), which was driven by a 3·9 (95 % CI 0·2, 7·5) mmHg higher diastolic blood pressure in the FO compared with the OO group among boys only (P=0·041). Our results indicate that early n-3 LCPUFA intake may reduce height in early adolescence due to a delay in pubertal maturation and increase blood pressure specifically in boys, thereby tending to counteract existing sex differences.

AB - Dietary long-chain n-3 PUFA (n-3 LCPUFA) in infancy may have long-term effects on lifestyle disease risk. The present follow-up study investigated whether maternal fish oil (FO) supplementation during lactation affected growth and blood pressure in adolescents and whether the effects differed between boys and girls. Mother-infant pairs (n 103) completed a randomised controlled trial with FO (1·5 g/d n-3 LCPUFA) or olive oil (OO) supplements during the first 4 months of lactation; forty-seven mother-infant pairs with high fish intake were followed-up for 4 months as the reference group. We also followed-up 100 children with assessment of growth, blood pressure, diet by FFQ and physical activity by 7-d accelerometry at 13·5 (sd 0·4) years of age. Dried whole-blood fatty acid composition was analysed in a subgroup (n 49). At 13 years of age, whole-blood n-3 LCPUFA, diet, physical activity and body composition did not differ between the three groups. The children from the FO group were 3·4 (95 % CI 0·2, 6·6) cm shorter (P=0·035) than those from the OO group, and tended to have less advanced puberty (P=0·068), which explained the difference in height. There was a sex-specific effect on diastolic blood pressure (P sex×group=0·020), which was driven by a 3·9 (95 % CI 0·2, 7·5) mmHg higher diastolic blood pressure in the FO compared with the OO group among boys only (P=0·041). Our results indicate that early n-3 LCPUFA intake may reduce height in early adolescence due to a delay in pubertal maturation and increase blood pressure specifically in boys, thereby tending to counteract existing sex differences.

KW - Faculty of Science

KW - n-3 long-chain PUFA

KW - Puberty

KW - Growth

KW - Programming

KW - Health

U2 - 10.1017/s0007114516004293

DO - 10.1017/s0007114516004293

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 28065179

SN - 0007-1145

VL - 116

SP - 2082

EP - 2090

JO - British Journal of Nutrition

JF - British Journal of Nutrition

IS - 12

ER -

Maternal fish oil supplementation during lactation is associated with reduced height at 13 years of age and higher blood pressure in boys only

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