Vitamin D status is associated with cardiometabolic markers in 8-11-year-old children, independently of body fat and physical activity

Rikke Agnete Petersen; Stine-Mathilde Dalskov; Louise B Sørensen; Mads Fiil Hjorth; Rikke Andersen; Inge Tetens; Henrik Krarup; Christian Ritz; Arne Astrup; Kim F. Michaelsen; Christian Mølgaard; Camilla Trab Damsgaard

doi:10.1017/s0007114515003372

Vitamin D status is associated with cardiometabolic markers in 8-11-year-old children, independently of body fat and physical activity

Rikke Agnete Petersen, Stine-Mathilde Dalskov, Louise B Sørensen, Mads Fiil Hjorth, Rikke Andersen, Inge Tetens, Henrik Krarup, Christian Ritz, Arne Astrup, Kim F. Michaelsen, Christian Mølgaard, Camilla Trab Damsgaard

26 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Vitamin D status has been associated with cardiometabolic markers even in children, but the associations may be confounded by fat mass and physical activity behaviour. This study investigated associations between vitamin D status and cardiometabolic risk profile, as well as the impact of fat mass and physical activity in Danish 8-11-year-old children, using baseline data from 782 children participating in the Optimal well-being, development and health for Danish children through a healthy New Nordic Diet (OPUS) School Meal Study. We assessed vitamin D status as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and measured blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, homoeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance, plasma lipids, inflammatory markers, anthropometry and fat mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and physical activity by 7 d accelerometry during August-November. Mean serum 25(OH)D was 60·8 (sd 18·7) nmol/l. Each 10 mmol/l 25(OH)D increase was associated with lower diastolic blood pressure (-0·3 mmHg, 95 % CI -0·6, -0·0) (P=0·02), total cholesterol (-0·07 mmol/l, 95 % CI -0·10, -0·05), LDL-cholesterol (-0·05 mmol/l, 95 % CI -0·08, -0·03), TAG (-0·02 mmol/l, 95 % CI -0·03, -0·01) (P≤0·001 for all lipids) and lower metabolic syndrome (MetS) score (P=0·01). Adjustment for fat mass index did not change the associations, but the association with blood pressure became borderline significant after adjustment for physical activity (P=0·06). In conclusion, vitamin D status was negatively associated with blood pressure, plasma lipids and a MetS score in Danish school children with low prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, and apart from blood pressure the associations were independent of body fat and physical activity. The potential underlying cause-effect relationship and possible long-term implications should be investigated in randomised controlled trials.

Original language	English
Journal	British Journal of Nutrition
Volume	114
Issue number	10
Pages (from-to)	1647-1655
Number of pages	9
ISSN	0007-1145
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515003372
Publication status	Published - 5 Oct 2015

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Petersen, R. A., Dalskov, S-M., Sørensen, L. B., Hjorth, M. F., Andersen, R., Tetens, I., Krarup, H., Ritz, C., Astrup, A., Michaelsen, K. F., Mølgaard, C., & Damsgaard, C. T. (2015). Vitamin D status is associated with cardiometabolic markers in 8-11-year-old children, independently of body fat and physical activity. British Journal of Nutrition, 114(10), 1647-1655. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515003372

Vitamin D status is associated with cardiometabolic markers in 8-11-year-old children, independently of body fat and physical activity. / Petersen, Rikke Agnete; Dalskov, Stine-Mathilde; Sørensen, Louise B et al.

In: British Journal of Nutrition, Vol. 114, No. 10, 05.10.2015, p. 1647-1655.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Petersen, RA, Dalskov, S-M, Sørensen, LB, Hjorth, MF, Andersen, R, Tetens, I, Krarup, H, Ritz, C, Astrup, A, Michaelsen, KF , Mølgaard, C & Damsgaard, CT 2015, 'Vitamin D status is associated with cardiometabolic markers in 8-11-year-old children, independently of body fat and physical activity', British Journal of Nutrition, vol. 114, no. 10, pp. 1647-1655. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515003372

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title = "Vitamin D status is associated with cardiometabolic markers in 8-11-year-old children, independently of body fat and physical activity",

abstract = "Vitamin D status has been associated with cardiometabolic markers even in children, but the associations may be confounded by fat mass and physical activity behaviour. This study investigated associations between vitamin D status and cardiometabolic risk profile, as well as the impact of fat mass and physical activity in Danish 8-11-year-old children, using baseline data from 782 children participating in the Optimal well-being, development and health for Danish children through a healthy New Nordic Diet (OPUS) School Meal Study. We assessed vitamin D status as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and measured blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, homoeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance, plasma lipids, inflammatory markers, anthropometry and fat mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and physical activity by 7 d accelerometry during August-November. Mean serum 25(OH)D was 60·8 (sd 18·7) nmol/l. Each 10 mmol/l 25(OH)D increase was associated with lower diastolic blood pressure (-0·3 mmHg, 95 % CI -0·6, -0·0) (P=0·02), total cholesterol (-0·07 mmol/l, 95 % CI -0·10, -0·05), LDL-cholesterol (-0·05 mmol/l, 95 % CI -0·08, -0·03), TAG (-0·02 mmol/l, 95 % CI -0·03, -0·01) (P≤0·001 for all lipids) and lower metabolic syndrome (MetS) score (P=0·01). Adjustment for fat mass index did not change the associations, but the association with blood pressure became borderline significant after adjustment for physical activity (P=0·06). In conclusion, vitamin D status was negatively associated with blood pressure, plasma lipids and a MetS score in Danish school children with low prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, and apart from blood pressure the associations were independent of body fat and physical activity. The potential underlying cause-effect relationship and possible long-term implications should be investigated in randomised controlled trials.",

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AU - Petersen, Rikke Agnete

AU - Dalskov, Stine-Mathilde

AU - Sørensen, Louise B

AU - Hjorth, Mads Fiil

AU - Andersen, Rikke

AU - Tetens, Inge

AU - Krarup, Henrik

AU - Ritz, Christian

AU - Astrup, Arne

AU - Michaelsen, Kim F.

AU - Mølgaard, Christian

AU - Damsgaard, Camilla Trab

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N2 - Vitamin D status has been associated with cardiometabolic markers even in children, but the associations may be confounded by fat mass and physical activity behaviour. This study investigated associations between vitamin D status and cardiometabolic risk profile, as well as the impact of fat mass and physical activity in Danish 8-11-year-old children, using baseline data from 782 children participating in the Optimal well-being, development and health for Danish children through a healthy New Nordic Diet (OPUS) School Meal Study. We assessed vitamin D status as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and measured blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, homoeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance, plasma lipids, inflammatory markers, anthropometry and fat mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and physical activity by 7 d accelerometry during August-November. Mean serum 25(OH)D was 60·8 (sd 18·7) nmol/l. Each 10 mmol/l 25(OH)D increase was associated with lower diastolic blood pressure (-0·3 mmHg, 95 % CI -0·6, -0·0) (P=0·02), total cholesterol (-0·07 mmol/l, 95 % CI -0·10, -0·05), LDL-cholesterol (-0·05 mmol/l, 95 % CI -0·08, -0·03), TAG (-0·02 mmol/l, 95 % CI -0·03, -0·01) (P≤0·001 for all lipids) and lower metabolic syndrome (MetS) score (P=0·01). Adjustment for fat mass index did not change the associations, but the association with blood pressure became borderline significant after adjustment for physical activity (P=0·06). In conclusion, vitamin D status was negatively associated with blood pressure, plasma lipids and a MetS score in Danish school children with low prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, and apart from blood pressure the associations were independent of body fat and physical activity. The potential underlying cause-effect relationship and possible long-term implications should be investigated in randomised controlled trials.

AB - Vitamin D status has been associated with cardiometabolic markers even in children, but the associations may be confounded by fat mass and physical activity behaviour. This study investigated associations between vitamin D status and cardiometabolic risk profile, as well as the impact of fat mass and physical activity in Danish 8-11-year-old children, using baseline data from 782 children participating in the Optimal well-being, development and health for Danish children through a healthy New Nordic Diet (OPUS) School Meal Study. We assessed vitamin D status as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and measured blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, homoeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance, plasma lipids, inflammatory markers, anthropometry and fat mass by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and physical activity by 7 d accelerometry during August-November. Mean serum 25(OH)D was 60·8 (sd 18·7) nmol/l. Each 10 mmol/l 25(OH)D increase was associated with lower diastolic blood pressure (-0·3 mmHg, 95 % CI -0·6, -0·0) (P=0·02), total cholesterol (-0·07 mmol/l, 95 % CI -0·10, -0·05), LDL-cholesterol (-0·05 mmol/l, 95 % CI -0·08, -0·03), TAG (-0·02 mmol/l, 95 % CI -0·03, -0·01) (P≤0·001 for all lipids) and lower metabolic syndrome (MetS) score (P=0·01). Adjustment for fat mass index did not change the associations, but the association with blood pressure became borderline significant after adjustment for physical activity (P=0·06). In conclusion, vitamin D status was negatively associated with blood pressure, plasma lipids and a MetS score in Danish school children with low prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, and apart from blood pressure the associations were independent of body fat and physical activity. The potential underlying cause-effect relationship and possible long-term implications should be investigated in randomised controlled trials.

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Vitamin D status is associated with cardiometabolic markers in 8-11-year-old children, independently of body fat and physical activity

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