Transcriptomic analysis of Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) liver infected with Contracaecum osculatum third stage larvae indicates parasitic effects on growth and immune response

Huria Marnis; Per W Kania; Khairul Syahputra; Shaozhi Zuo; Ron P Dirks; Kurt Buchmann

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.034

Transcriptomic analysis of Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) liver infected with Contracaecum osculatum third stage larvae indicates parasitic effects on growth and immune response

Huria Marnis, Per W Kania, Khairul Syahputra, Shaozhi Zuo, Ron P Dirks, Kurt Buchmann

5 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

High infection levels due to third-stage larvae of the anisakid nematode Contracaecum osculatum have been documented in cod from the eastern part of the Baltic sea during the latest decades. The nematode larvae mainly infect the liver of Baltic cod and prevalence of infection has reached 100% with a mean intensity up to 80 parasites per host in certain areas and size classes. Low condition factors of the cod have been observed concomitant with the rise in parasite abundance suggesting a parasitic effect on growth parameters. To investigate any association between parasite infection and physiological status of the host we performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis of liver obtained from C. osculatum infected and non-infected cod. A total of 47,025 predicted gene models showed expression in cod liver and sequences corresponding to 2084 (4.43%) unigenes were differentially expressed in infected liver when compared to non-infected liver. Of the differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) 1240 unigenes were up-regulated while 844 unigenes were down-regulated. The Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that 1304 DEGs were represented in cellular process and single-organism process, cell and cell part, binding and catalytic activity. As determined by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes (KEGG) Pathways analysis, 454 DEGs were involved in 138 pathways. Ninety-seven genes were related to metabolic pathways including carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism. Thirteen regulated genes were playing a role in immune response such as Toll-like receptor signaling, NOD-like receptor signaling, RIG-I-like receptor signalling and thirty-six genes were associated with growth processes. This indicates that the nematode infection in Baltic cod may affect on molecular mechanisms involving metabolism, immune function and growth.

Original language	English
Journal	Fish and Shellfish Immunology
Volume	93
Pages (from-to)	965-976
Number of pages	12
ISSN	1050-4648
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.034
Publication status	Published - Oct 2019

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Transcriptomic analysis of Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) liver infected with Contracaecum osculatum third stage larvae indicates parasitic effects on growth and immune response. / Marnis, Huria; Kania, Per W; Syahputra, Khairul et al.
In: Fish and Shellfish Immunology, Vol. 93, 10.2019, p. 965-976.

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title = "Transcriptomic analysis of Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) liver infected with Contracaecum osculatum third stage larvae indicates parasitic effects on growth and immune response",

abstract = "High infection levels due to third-stage larvae of the anisakid nematode Contracaecum osculatum have been documented in cod from the eastern part of the Baltic sea during the latest decades. The nematode larvae mainly infect the liver of Baltic cod and prevalence of infection has reached 100% with a mean intensity up to 80 parasites per host in certain areas and size classes. Low condition factors of the cod have been observed concomitant with the rise in parasite abundance suggesting a parasitic effect on growth parameters. To investigate any association between parasite infection and physiological status of the host we performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis of liver obtained from C. osculatum infected and non-infected cod. A total of 47,025 predicted gene models showed expression in cod liver and sequences corresponding to 2084 (4.43%) unigenes were differentially expressed in infected liver when compared to non-infected liver. Of the differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) 1240 unigenes were up-regulated while 844 unigenes were down-regulated. The Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that 1304 DEGs were represented in cellular process and single-organism process, cell and cell part, binding and catalytic activity. As determined by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes (KEGG) Pathways analysis, 454 DEGs were involved in 138 pathways. Ninety-seven genes were related to metabolic pathways including carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism. Thirteen regulated genes were playing a role in immune response such as Toll-like receptor signaling, NOD-like receptor signaling, RIG-I-like receptor signalling and thirty-six genes were associated with growth processes. This indicates that the nematode infection in Baltic cod may affect on molecular mechanisms involving metabolism, immune function and growth.",

author = "Huria Marnis and Kania, {Per W} and Khairul Syahputra and Shaozhi Zuo and Dirks, {Ron P} and Kurt Buchmann",

year = "2019",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.034",

language = "English",

volume = "93",

pages = "965--976",

journal = "Fish and Shellfish Immunology",

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T1 - Transcriptomic analysis of Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) liver infected with Contracaecum osculatum third stage larvae indicates parasitic effects on growth and immune response

AU - Marnis, Huria

AU - Kania, Per W

AU - Syahputra, Khairul

AU - Zuo, Shaozhi

AU - Dirks, Ron P

AU - Buchmann, Kurt

PY - 2019/10

Y1 - 2019/10

N2 - High infection levels due to third-stage larvae of the anisakid nematode Contracaecum osculatum have been documented in cod from the eastern part of the Baltic sea during the latest decades. The nematode larvae mainly infect the liver of Baltic cod and prevalence of infection has reached 100% with a mean intensity up to 80 parasites per host in certain areas and size classes. Low condition factors of the cod have been observed concomitant with the rise in parasite abundance suggesting a parasitic effect on growth parameters. To investigate any association between parasite infection and physiological status of the host we performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis of liver obtained from C. osculatum infected and non-infected cod. A total of 47,025 predicted gene models showed expression in cod liver and sequences corresponding to 2084 (4.43%) unigenes were differentially expressed in infected liver when compared to non-infected liver. Of the differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) 1240 unigenes were up-regulated while 844 unigenes were down-regulated. The Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that 1304 DEGs were represented in cellular process and single-organism process, cell and cell part, binding and catalytic activity. As determined by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes (KEGG) Pathways analysis, 454 DEGs were involved in 138 pathways. Ninety-seven genes were related to metabolic pathways including carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism. Thirteen regulated genes were playing a role in immune response such as Toll-like receptor signaling, NOD-like receptor signaling, RIG-I-like receptor signalling and thirty-six genes were associated with growth processes. This indicates that the nematode infection in Baltic cod may affect on molecular mechanisms involving metabolism, immune function and growth.

AB - High infection levels due to third-stage larvae of the anisakid nematode Contracaecum osculatum have been documented in cod from the eastern part of the Baltic sea during the latest decades. The nematode larvae mainly infect the liver of Baltic cod and prevalence of infection has reached 100% with a mean intensity up to 80 parasites per host in certain areas and size classes. Low condition factors of the cod have been observed concomitant with the rise in parasite abundance suggesting a parasitic effect on growth parameters. To investigate any association between parasite infection and physiological status of the host we performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis of liver obtained from C. osculatum infected and non-infected cod. A total of 47,025 predicted gene models showed expression in cod liver and sequences corresponding to 2084 (4.43%) unigenes were differentially expressed in infected liver when compared to non-infected liver. Of the differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) 1240 unigenes were up-regulated while 844 unigenes were down-regulated. The Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that 1304 DEGs were represented in cellular process and single-organism process, cell and cell part, binding and catalytic activity. As determined by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes (KEGG) Pathways analysis, 454 DEGs were involved in 138 pathways. Ninety-seven genes were related to metabolic pathways including carbohydrate, lipid, and amino acid metabolism. Thirteen regulated genes were playing a role in immune response such as Toll-like receptor signaling, NOD-like receptor signaling, RIG-I-like receptor signalling and thirty-six genes were associated with growth processes. This indicates that the nematode infection in Baltic cod may affect on molecular mechanisms involving metabolism, immune function and growth.

U2 - 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.034

DO - 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.034

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 31419536

SN - 1050-4648

VL - 93

SP - 965

EP - 976

JO - Fish and Shellfish Immunology

JF - Fish and Shellfish Immunology

ER -

Transcriptomic analysis of Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) liver infected with Contracaecum osculatum third stage larvae indicates parasitic effects on growth and immune response

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