TY - JOUR
T1 - Transcriptional and translational regulation of cytokine signaling in inflammatory ß-cell dysfunction and apoptosis
AU - Novotny, Guy Wayne
AU - Lundh, Morten
AU - Backe, Marie Balslev
AU - Christensen, Dan Ploug
AU - Hansen, Jakob Bondo
AU - Dahllöf, Mattias Salling
AU - Pallesen, Emil
AU - Mandrup-Poulsen, Thomas
PY - 2012/12/15
Y1 - 2012/12/15
N2 - Disease is conventionally viewed as the chaotic inappropriate outcome of deranged tissue function resulting from aberrancies in cellular processes. Yet the patho-biology of cellular dysfunction and death encompasses a coordinated network no less sophisticated and regulated than maintenance of homeostatic balance. Cellular demise is far from passive subordination to stress but requires controlled coordination of energy-requiring activities including gene transcription and protein translation that determine the graded transition between defensive mechanisms, cell cycle regulation, dedifferentiation and ultimately to the activation of death programmes. In fact, most stressors stimulate both homeostasis and regeneration on one hand and impairment and destruction on the other, depending on the ambient circumstances. Here we illustrate this bimodal ambiguity in cell response by reviewing recent progress in our understanding of how the pancreatic β cell copes with inflammatory stress by changing gene transcription and protein translation by the differential and interconnected action of reactive oxygen and nitric oxide species, microRNAs and posttranslational protein modifications.
AB - Disease is conventionally viewed as the chaotic inappropriate outcome of deranged tissue function resulting from aberrancies in cellular processes. Yet the patho-biology of cellular dysfunction and death encompasses a coordinated network no less sophisticated and regulated than maintenance of homeostatic balance. Cellular demise is far from passive subordination to stress but requires controlled coordination of energy-requiring activities including gene transcription and protein translation that determine the graded transition between defensive mechanisms, cell cycle regulation, dedifferentiation and ultimately to the activation of death programmes. In fact, most stressors stimulate both homeostasis and regeneration on one hand and impairment and destruction on the other, depending on the ambient circumstances. Here we illustrate this bimodal ambiguity in cell response by reviewing recent progress in our understanding of how the pancreatic β cell copes with inflammatory stress by changing gene transcription and protein translation by the differential and interconnected action of reactive oxygen and nitric oxide species, microRNAs and posttranslational protein modifications.
U2 - 10.1016/j.abb.2012.09.014
DO - 10.1016/j.abb.2012.09.014
M3 - Review
C2 - 23063755
SN - 0003-9861
VL - 528
SP - 171
EP - 184
JO - Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics
JF - Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics
IS - 2
ER -