The role of vascular biomarkers for primary and secondary prevention. A position paper from the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on peripheral circulation: Endorsed by the Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology (ARTERY) Society

Charalambos Vlachopoulos; Panagiotis Xaplanteris; Victor Aboyans; Marianne Brodmann; Renata Cífková; Francesco Cosentino; Marco De Carlo; Augusto Gallino; Ulf Landmesser; Stéphane Laurent; John Lekakis; Dimitri P Mikhailidis; Katerina K Naka; Athanasios D Protogerou; Damiano Rizzoni; Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss; Luc Van Bortel; Thomas Weber; Akira Yamashina; Reuven Zimlichman; Pierre Boutouyrie; John Cockcroft; Michael O'Rourke; Jeong Bae Park; Giuseppe Schillaci; Henrik Sillesen; Raymond R Townsend

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.05.007

The role of vascular biomarkers for primary and secondary prevention. A position paper from the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on peripheral circulation: Endorsed by the Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology (ARTERY) Society

Charalambos Vlachopoulos, Panagiotis Xaplanteris, Victor Aboyans, Marianne Brodmann, Renata Cífková, Francesco Cosentino, Marco De Carlo, Augusto Gallino, Ulf Landmesser, Stéphane Laurent, John Lekakis, Dimitri P Mikhailidis, Katerina K Naka, Athanasios D Protogerou, Damiano Rizzoni, Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss, Luc Van Bortel, Thomas Weber, Akira Yamashina, Reuven ZimlichmanPierre Boutouyrie, John Cockcroft, Michael O'Rourke, Jeong Bae Park, Giuseppe Schillaci, Henrik Sillesen, Raymond R Townsend

Department of Clinical Medicine

378 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

While risk scores are invaluable tools for adapted preventive strategies, a significant gap exists between predicted and actual event rates. Additional tools to further stratify the risk of patients at an individual level are biomarkers. A surrogate endpoint is a biomarker that is intended as a substitute for a clinical endpoint. In order to be considered as a surrogate endpoint of cardiovascular events, a biomarker should satisfy several criteria, such as proof of concept, prospective validation, incremental value, clinical utility, clinical outcomes, cost-effectiveness, ease of use, methodological consensus, and reference values. We scrutinized the role of peripheral (i.e. not related to coronary circulation) noninvasive vascular biomarkers for primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention. Most of the biomarkers examined fit within the concept of early vascular aging. Biomarkers that fulfill most of the criteria and, therefore, are close to being considered a clinical surrogate endpoint are carotid ultrasonography, ankle-brachial index and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity; biomarkers that fulfill some, but not all of the criteria are brachial ankle pulse wave velocity, central haemodynamics/wave reflections and C-reactive protein; biomarkers that do no not at present fulfill essential criteria are flow-mediated dilation, endothelial peripheral arterial tonometry, oxidized LDL and dysfunctional HDL. Nevertheless, it is still unclear whether a specific vascular biomarker is overly superior. A prospective study in which all vascular biomarkers are measured is still lacking. In selected cases, the combined assessment of more than one biomarker may be required.

Original language	English
Journal	Atherosclerosis
Volume	241
Issue number	2
Pages (from-to)	507-32
Number of pages	26
ISSN	0021-9150
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.05.007
Publication status	Published - 1 Aug 2015

Keywords

Aging
Ankle Brachial Index
Biomarkers
C-Reactive Protein
Cardiology
Cardiovascular Diseases
Carotid Arteries
Carotid Intima-Media Thickness
Cost-Benefit Analysis
Decision Making
Europe
Hemodynamics
Humans
Primary Prevention
Research Design
Risk
Secondary Prevention
Societies, Medical
Treatment Outcome
Ultrasonography
Vascular Stiffness

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Vlachopoulos, C., Xaplanteris, P., Aboyans, V., Brodmann, M., Cífková, R., Cosentino, F., De Carlo, M., Gallino, A., Landmesser, U., Laurent, S., Lekakis, J., Mikhailidis, D. P., Naka, K. K., Protogerou, A. D., Rizzoni, D., Schmidt-Trucksäss, A., Van Bortel, L., Weber, T., Yamashina, A., ... Townsend, R. R. (2015). The role of vascular biomarkers for primary and secondary prevention. A position paper from the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on peripheral circulation: Endorsed by the Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology (ARTERY) Society. Atherosclerosis, 241(2), 507-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.05.007

The role of vascular biomarkers for primary and secondary prevention. A position paper from the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on peripheral circulation : Endorsed by the Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology (ARTERY) Society. / Vlachopoulos, Charalambos; Xaplanteris, Panagiotis; Aboyans, Victor et al.

In: Atherosclerosis, Vol. 241, No. 2, 01.08.2015, p. 507-32.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review › peer-review

Vlachopoulos, C, Xaplanteris, P, Aboyans, V, Brodmann, M, Cífková, R, Cosentino, F, De Carlo, M, Gallino, A, Landmesser, U, Laurent, S, Lekakis, J, Mikhailidis, DP, Naka, KK, Protogerou, AD, Rizzoni, D, Schmidt-Trucksäss, A, Van Bortel, L, Weber, T, Yamashina, A, Zimlichman, R, Boutouyrie, P, Cockcroft, J, O'Rourke, M, Park, JB, Schillaci, G, Sillesen, H & Townsend, RR 2015, 'The role of vascular biomarkers for primary and secondary prevention. A position paper from the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on peripheral circulation: Endorsed by the Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology (ARTERY) Society', Atherosclerosis, vol. 241, no. 2, pp. 507-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.05.007

Vlachopoulos C, Xaplanteris P, Aboyans V, Brodmann M, Cífková R, Cosentino F et al. The role of vascular biomarkers for primary and secondary prevention. A position paper from the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on peripheral circulation: Endorsed by the Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology (ARTERY) Society. Atherosclerosis. 2015 Aug 1;241(2):507-32. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.05.007

Vlachopoulos, Charalambos ; Xaplanteris, Panagiotis ; Aboyans, Victor et al. / The role of vascular biomarkers for primary and secondary prevention. A position paper from the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on peripheral circulation : Endorsed by the Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology (ARTERY) Society. In: Atherosclerosis. 2015 ; Vol. 241, No. 2. pp. 507-32.

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abstract = "While risk scores are invaluable tools for adapted preventive strategies, a significant gap exists between predicted and actual event rates. Additional tools to further stratify the risk of patients at an individual level are biomarkers. A surrogate endpoint is a biomarker that is intended as a substitute for a clinical endpoint. In order to be considered as a surrogate endpoint of cardiovascular events, a biomarker should satisfy several criteria, such as proof of concept, prospective validation, incremental value, clinical utility, clinical outcomes, cost-effectiveness, ease of use, methodological consensus, and reference values. We scrutinized the role of peripheral (i.e. not related to coronary circulation) noninvasive vascular biomarkers for primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention. Most of the biomarkers examined fit within the concept of early vascular aging. Biomarkers that fulfill most of the criteria and, therefore, are close to being considered a clinical surrogate endpoint are carotid ultrasonography, ankle-brachial index and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity; biomarkers that fulfill some, but not all of the criteria are brachial ankle pulse wave velocity, central haemodynamics/wave reflections and C-reactive protein; biomarkers that do no not at present fulfill essential criteria are flow-mediated dilation, endothelial peripheral arterial tonometry, oxidized LDL and dysfunctional HDL. Nevertheless, it is still unclear whether a specific vascular biomarker is overly superior. A prospective study in which all vascular biomarkers are measured is still lacking. In selected cases, the combined assessment of more than one biomarker may be required.",

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AU - Vlachopoulos, Charalambos

AU - Xaplanteris, Panagiotis

AU - Aboyans, Victor

AU - Brodmann, Marianne

AU - Cífková, Renata

AU - Cosentino, Francesco

AU - De Carlo, Marco

AU - Gallino, Augusto

AU - Landmesser, Ulf

AU - Laurent, Stéphane

AU - Lekakis, John

AU - Mikhailidis, Dimitri P

AU - Naka, Katerina K

AU - Protogerou, Athanasios D

AU - Rizzoni, Damiano

AU - Schmidt-Trucksäss, Arno

AU - Van Bortel, Luc

AU - Weber, Thomas

AU - Yamashina, Akira

AU - Zimlichman, Reuven

AU - Boutouyrie, Pierre

AU - Cockcroft, John

AU - O'Rourke, Michael

AU - Park, Jeong Bae

AU - Schillaci, Giuseppe

AU - Sillesen, Henrik

AU - Townsend, Raymond R

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N2 - While risk scores are invaluable tools for adapted preventive strategies, a significant gap exists between predicted and actual event rates. Additional tools to further stratify the risk of patients at an individual level are biomarkers. A surrogate endpoint is a biomarker that is intended as a substitute for a clinical endpoint. In order to be considered as a surrogate endpoint of cardiovascular events, a biomarker should satisfy several criteria, such as proof of concept, prospective validation, incremental value, clinical utility, clinical outcomes, cost-effectiveness, ease of use, methodological consensus, and reference values. We scrutinized the role of peripheral (i.e. not related to coronary circulation) noninvasive vascular biomarkers for primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention. Most of the biomarkers examined fit within the concept of early vascular aging. Biomarkers that fulfill most of the criteria and, therefore, are close to being considered a clinical surrogate endpoint are carotid ultrasonography, ankle-brachial index and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity; biomarkers that fulfill some, but not all of the criteria are brachial ankle pulse wave velocity, central haemodynamics/wave reflections and C-reactive protein; biomarkers that do no not at present fulfill essential criteria are flow-mediated dilation, endothelial peripheral arterial tonometry, oxidized LDL and dysfunctional HDL. Nevertheless, it is still unclear whether a specific vascular biomarker is overly superior. A prospective study in which all vascular biomarkers are measured is still lacking. In selected cases, the combined assessment of more than one biomarker may be required.

AB - While risk scores are invaluable tools for adapted preventive strategies, a significant gap exists between predicted and actual event rates. Additional tools to further stratify the risk of patients at an individual level are biomarkers. A surrogate endpoint is a biomarker that is intended as a substitute for a clinical endpoint. In order to be considered as a surrogate endpoint of cardiovascular events, a biomarker should satisfy several criteria, such as proof of concept, prospective validation, incremental value, clinical utility, clinical outcomes, cost-effectiveness, ease of use, methodological consensus, and reference values. We scrutinized the role of peripheral (i.e. not related to coronary circulation) noninvasive vascular biomarkers for primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention. Most of the biomarkers examined fit within the concept of early vascular aging. Biomarkers that fulfill most of the criteria and, therefore, are close to being considered a clinical surrogate endpoint are carotid ultrasonography, ankle-brachial index and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity; biomarkers that fulfill some, but not all of the criteria are brachial ankle pulse wave velocity, central haemodynamics/wave reflections and C-reactive protein; biomarkers that do no not at present fulfill essential criteria are flow-mediated dilation, endothelial peripheral arterial tonometry, oxidized LDL and dysfunctional HDL. Nevertheless, it is still unclear whether a specific vascular biomarker is overly superior. A prospective study in which all vascular biomarkers are measured is still lacking. In selected cases, the combined assessment of more than one biomarker may be required.

KW - Aging

KW - Ankle Brachial Index

KW - Biomarkers

KW - C-Reactive Protein

KW - Cardiology

KW - Cardiovascular Diseases

KW - Carotid Arteries

KW - Carotid Intima-Media Thickness

KW - Cost-Benefit Analysis

KW - Decision Making

KW - Europe

KW - Hemodynamics

KW - Humans

KW - Primary Prevention

KW - Research Design

KW - Risk

KW - Secondary Prevention

KW - Societies, Medical

KW - Treatment Outcome

KW - Ultrasonography

KW - Vascular Stiffness

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DO - 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.05.007

M3 - Review

C2 - 26117398

SN - 0021-9150

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JO - Atherosclerosis

JF - Atherosclerosis

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