The role of leptin and other hormones related to bone metabolism and appetite-regulation as determinants of gain in body fat and fat-free mass in 8-11 year old children

Stine-Mathilde Dalskov; Christian Ritz; Anni Larnkjær; Camilla Trab Damsgaard; Rikke Agnete Petersen; Louise Bergmann Sørensen; Ken K Ong; Arne Astrup; Christian Mølgaard; Kim F. Michaelsen

doi:10.1210/jc.2014-3706

The role of leptin and other hormones related to bone metabolism and appetite-regulation as determinants of gain in body fat and fat-free mass in 8-11 year old children

Stine-Mathilde Dalskov, Christian Ritz, Anni Larnkjær, Camilla Trab Damsgaard, Rikke Agnete Petersen, Louise Bergmann Sørensen, Ken K Ong, Arne Astrup, Christian Mølgaard, Kim F. Michaelsen

9 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background : Regulation of body composition during childhood is complex. Numerous hormones are potentially involved. Leptin has been proposed to restrain weight gain, but results are inconsistent. Objective: We examined whether baseline fasting levels of ghrelin, adiponectin, leptin, insulin, IGF-I, osteocalcin, and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were associated with body composition cross sectionally and longitudinally in 633 8-11-year-olds. Design: Data on hormones and body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry from the OPUS School Meal Study were used. We looked at baseline hormones as predictors of baseline fat mass index (FMI) or fat-free mass index (FFMI), and also subsequent changes (3 and 6 months) in FMI or FFMI using models with hormones individually or combined. Results: Cross-sectionally, baseline leptin was positively associated with FMI in girls (0.211 kg/m² pr. μg/mL; 97.5% confidence interval [CI],0.186-0.236; P < .001) and boys (0.231 kg/m² pr. μg/mL; 97.5%CI, 0.200-0.261; P < .001). IGF-I in both sexes and iPTH in boys were positively associated with FMI. An inverse association between adiponectin and FFMI in boys and a positive association between IGF-I and FFMI were found in girls. In longitudinal models, baseline leptin was inversely associated with subsequent changes in FMI (-0.018 kg/m² pr. μg/mL;97.5%CI, -0.034--0.002; P = .028) and FFMI (-0.014 kg/m² pr. μg/mL; 97.5% CI, -0.024--0.003; P = .006) in girls. Conclusions: Cross-sectional findings support that leptin is produced in proportion to body fat mass, but the longitudinal observations support that leptin inhibits gains in FMI and FFMI in girls, a finding that may reflect preserved leptin sensitivity in this predominantly normal weight population.

Original language	English
Journal	Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume	100
Issue number	3
Pages (from-to)	1196-1205
Number of pages	10
ISSN	0021-972X
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-3706
Publication status	Published - 1 Mar 2015

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Dalskov, S.-M., Ritz, C., Larnkjær, A., Damsgaard, C. T., Petersen, R. A., Sørensen, L. B., Ong, K. K., Astrup, A., Mølgaard, C., & Michaelsen, K. F. (2015). The role of leptin and other hormones related to bone metabolism and appetite-regulation as determinants of gain in body fat and fat-free mass in 8-11 year old children. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 100(3), 1196-1205. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-3706

The role of leptin and other hormones related to bone metabolism and appetite-regulation as determinants of gain in body fat and fat-free mass in 8-11 year old children. / Dalskov, Stine-Mathilde; Ritz, Christian; Larnkjær, Anni et al.
In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol. 100, No. 3, 01.03.2015, p. 1196-1205.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Dalskov, S-M, Ritz, C, Larnkjær, A , Damsgaard, CT, Petersen, RA, Sørensen, LB, Ong, KK, Astrup, A, Mølgaard, C & Michaelsen, KF 2015, 'The role of leptin and other hormones related to bone metabolism and appetite-regulation as determinants of gain in body fat and fat-free mass in 8-11 year old children', Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, vol. 100, no. 3, pp. 1196-1205. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-3706

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title = "The role of leptin and other hormones related to bone metabolism and appetite-regulation as determinants of gain in body fat and fat-free mass in 8-11 year old children",

abstract = "Background : Regulation of body composition during childhood is complex. Numerous hormones are potentially involved. Leptin has been proposed to restrain weight gain, but results are inconsistent. Objective: We examined whether baseline fasting levels of ghrelin, adiponectin, leptin, insulin, IGF-I, osteocalcin, and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were associated with body composition cross sectionally and longitudinally in 633 8-11-year-olds. Design: Data on hormones and body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry from the OPUS School Meal Study were used. We looked at baseline hormones as predictors of baseline fat mass index (FMI) or fat-free mass index (FFMI), and also subsequent changes (3 and 6 months) in FMI or FFMI using models with hormones individually or combined. Results: Cross-sectionally, baseline leptin was positively associated with FMI in girls (0.211 kg/m2 pr. μg/mL; 97.5% confidence interval [CI],0.186-0.236; P < .001) and boys (0.231 kg/m2 pr. μg/mL; 97.5%CI, 0.200-0.261; P < .001). IGF-I in both sexes and iPTH in boys were positively associated with FMI. An inverse association between adiponectin and FFMI in boys and a positive association between IGF-I and FFMI were found in girls. In longitudinal models, baseline leptin was inversely associated with subsequent changes in FMI (-0.018 kg/m2 pr. μg/mL;97.5%CI, -0.034--0.002; P = .028) and FFMI (-0.014 kg/m2 pr. μg/mL; 97.5% CI, -0.024--0.003; P = .006) in girls. Conclusions: Cross-sectional findings support that leptin is produced in proportion to body fat mass, but the longitudinal observations support that leptin inhibits gains in FMI and FFMI in girls, a finding that may reflect preserved leptin sensitivity in this predominantly normal weight population.",

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AU - Dalskov, Stine-Mathilde

AU - Ritz, Christian

AU - Larnkjær, Anni

AU - Damsgaard, Camilla Trab

AU - Petersen, Rikke Agnete

AU - Sørensen, Louise Bergmann

AU - Ong, Ken K

AU - Astrup, Arne

AU - Mølgaard, Christian

AU - Michaelsen, Kim F.

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N2 - Background : Regulation of body composition during childhood is complex. Numerous hormones are potentially involved. Leptin has been proposed to restrain weight gain, but results are inconsistent. Objective: We examined whether baseline fasting levels of ghrelin, adiponectin, leptin, insulin, IGF-I, osteocalcin, and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were associated with body composition cross sectionally and longitudinally in 633 8-11-year-olds. Design: Data on hormones and body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry from the OPUS School Meal Study were used. We looked at baseline hormones as predictors of baseline fat mass index (FMI) or fat-free mass index (FFMI), and also subsequent changes (3 and 6 months) in FMI or FFMI using models with hormones individually or combined. Results: Cross-sectionally, baseline leptin was positively associated with FMI in girls (0.211 kg/m2 pr. μg/mL; 97.5% confidence interval [CI],0.186-0.236; P < .001) and boys (0.231 kg/m2 pr. μg/mL; 97.5%CI, 0.200-0.261; P < .001). IGF-I in both sexes and iPTH in boys were positively associated with FMI. An inverse association between adiponectin and FFMI in boys and a positive association between IGF-I and FFMI were found in girls. In longitudinal models, baseline leptin was inversely associated with subsequent changes in FMI (-0.018 kg/m2 pr. μg/mL;97.5%CI, -0.034--0.002; P = .028) and FFMI (-0.014 kg/m2 pr. μg/mL; 97.5% CI, -0.024--0.003; P = .006) in girls. Conclusions: Cross-sectional findings support that leptin is produced in proportion to body fat mass, but the longitudinal observations support that leptin inhibits gains in FMI and FFMI in girls, a finding that may reflect preserved leptin sensitivity in this predominantly normal weight population.

AB - Background : Regulation of body composition during childhood is complex. Numerous hormones are potentially involved. Leptin has been proposed to restrain weight gain, but results are inconsistent. Objective: We examined whether baseline fasting levels of ghrelin, adiponectin, leptin, insulin, IGF-I, osteocalcin, and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were associated with body composition cross sectionally and longitudinally in 633 8-11-year-olds. Design: Data on hormones and body composition by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry from the OPUS School Meal Study were used. We looked at baseline hormones as predictors of baseline fat mass index (FMI) or fat-free mass index (FFMI), and also subsequent changes (3 and 6 months) in FMI or FFMI using models with hormones individually or combined. Results: Cross-sectionally, baseline leptin was positively associated with FMI in girls (0.211 kg/m2 pr. μg/mL; 97.5% confidence interval [CI],0.186-0.236; P < .001) and boys (0.231 kg/m2 pr. μg/mL; 97.5%CI, 0.200-0.261; P < .001). IGF-I in both sexes and iPTH in boys were positively associated with FMI. An inverse association between adiponectin and FFMI in boys and a positive association between IGF-I and FFMI were found in girls. In longitudinal models, baseline leptin was inversely associated with subsequent changes in FMI (-0.018 kg/m2 pr. μg/mL;97.5%CI, -0.034--0.002; P = .028) and FFMI (-0.014 kg/m2 pr. μg/mL; 97.5% CI, -0.024--0.003; P = .006) in girls. Conclusions: Cross-sectional findings support that leptin is produced in proportion to body fat mass, but the longitudinal observations support that leptin inhibits gains in FMI and FFMI in girls, a finding that may reflect preserved leptin sensitivity in this predominantly normal weight population.

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The role of leptin and other hormones related to bone metabolism and appetite-regulation as determinants of gain in body fat and fat-free mass in 8-11 year old children

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