The first horse herders and the impact of early Bronze Age steppe expansions into Asia

Peter de Barros Damgaard; Rui Martiniano; Jack Kamm; José Víctor Moreno Mayar; Guus Kroonen; Michaël Peyrot; Gojko Barjamovic; Simon Rasmussen; Claus Grønlund Zacho; Nurbol Baimukhanov; Victor Zaibert; Victor Merz; Arjun Biddanda; Ilja Merz; Valeriy Loman; Valeriy Evdokimov; Emma Usmanova; Brian Hemphill; Andaine Seguin-Orlando; Fulya Eylem Yediay; Inam Ullah; Karl-Göran Sjögren; Katrine Højholt Iversen; Jeremy Choin; Constanza de la Fuente Castro; Melissa Ilardo; Hannes Schroeder; Vyacheslav Moiseyev; Andrey Gromov; Andrei Polyakov; Sachihiro Omura; Süleyman Yücel Senyurt; Ludovic Antoine Alexandre Orlando; Habib Ahmad; Catriona McKenzie; Ashot Margaryan; Abdul Hameed; Abdul Samad; Nazish Gul; Muhammad Hassan Khokhar; O. I. Goriunova; Vladimir I. Bazaliiskii; John Novembre; Andrzej W. Weber; Morten Erik Allentoft; Rasmus  Nielsen; Kristian Kristiansen; Martin Sikora; Alan K. Outram; Richard Durbin; Eske Willerslev

doi:10.1126/science.aar7711

The first horse herders and the impact of early Bronze Age steppe expansions into Asia

Peter de Barros Damgaard, Rui Martiniano, Jack Kamm, José Víctor Moreno Mayar, Guus Kroonen, Michaël Peyrot, Gojko Barjamovic, Simon Rasmussen, Claus Grønlund Zacho, Nurbol Baimukhanov, Victor Zaibert, Victor Merz, Arjun Biddanda, Ilja Merz, Valeriy Loman, Valeriy Evdokimov, Emma Usmanova, Brian Hemphill, Andaine Seguin-Orlando, Fulya Eylem YediayInam Ullah, Karl-Göran Sjögren, Katrine Højholt Iversen, Jeremy Choin, Constanza de la Fuente Castro, Melissa Ilardo, Hannes Schroeder, Vyacheslav Moiseyev, Andrey Gromov, Andrei Polyakov, Sachihiro Omura, Süleyman Yücel Senyurt, Ludovic Antoine Alexandre Orlando, Habib Ahmad, Catriona McKenzie, Ashot Margaryan, Abdul Hameed, Abdul Samad, Nazish Gul, Muhammad Hassan Khokhar, O. I. Goriunova, Vladimir I. Bazaliiskii, John Novembre, Andrzej W. Weber, Morten Erik Allentoft, Rasmus Nielsen, Kristian Kristiansen, Martin Sikora, Alan K. Outram, Richard Durbin, Eske Willerslev

Department of Nordic Studies and Linguistics

97 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The Yamnaya expansions from the western steppe into Europe and Asia during the Early Bronze Age (~3000 BCE) are believed to have brought with them Indo-European languages and possibly horse husbandry. We analyzed 74 ancient whole-genome sequences from across Inner Asia and Anatolia and show that the Botai people associated with the earliest horse husbandry derived from a hunter-gatherer population deeply diverged from the Yamnaya. Our results also suggest distinct migrations bringing West Eurasian ancestry into South Asia before and after, but not at the time of, Yamnaya culture. We find no evidence of steppe ancestry in Bronze Age Anatolia from when Indo-European languages are attested there. Thus, in contrast to Europe, Early Bronze Age Yamnaya-related migrations had limited direct genetic impact in Asia.

Original language	English
Article number	1422
Journal	Science
Volume	360
Issue number	6396
Number of pages	11
ISSN	0036-8075
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar7711
Publication status	Published - 29 Jun 2018

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Damgaard, P. D. B., Martiniano, R., Kamm, J., Moreno Mayar, J. V., Kroonen, G., Peyrot, M., Barjamovic, G., Rasmussen, S., Zacho, C. G., Baimukhanov, N., Zaibert, V., Merz, V., Biddanda, A., Merz, I., Loman, V., Evdokimov, V., Usmanova, E., Hemphill, B., Seguin-Orlando, A., ... Willerslev, E. (2018). The first horse herders and the impact of early Bronze Age steppe expansions into Asia. Science, 360(6396), Article 1422. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar7711

Damgaard, PDB, Martiniano, R, Kamm, J, Moreno Mayar, JV , Kroonen, G, Peyrot, M, Barjamovic, G, Rasmussen, S , Zacho, CG, Baimukhanov, N, Zaibert, V, Merz, V, Biddanda, A, Merz, I, Loman, V, Evdokimov, V, Usmanova, E, Hemphill, B, Seguin-Orlando, A, Yediay, FE, Ullah, I, Sjögren, K-G, Iversen, KH, Choin, J, de la Fuente Castro, C, Ilardo, M, Schroeder, H, Moiseyev, V, Gromov, A, Polyakov, A, Omura, S, Senyurt, SY, Orlando, LAA, Ahmad, H, McKenzie, C, Margaryan, A, Hameed, A, Samad, A, Gul, N, Khokhar, MH, Goriunova, OI, Bazaliiskii, VI, Novembre, J, Weber, AW, Allentoft, ME, Nielsen, R, Kristiansen, K, Sikora, M, Outram, AK, Durbin, R & Willerslev, E 2018, 'The first horse herders and the impact of early Bronze Age steppe expansions into Asia', Science, vol. 360, no. 6396, 1422. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar7711

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abstract = "The Yamnaya expansions from the western steppe into Europe and Asia during the Early Bronze Age (~3000 BCE) are believed to have brought with them Indo-European languages and possibly horse husbandry. We analyzed 74 ancient whole-genome sequences from across Inner Asia and Anatolia and show that the Botai people associated with the earliest horse husbandry derived from a hunter-gatherer population deeply diverged from the Yamnaya. Our results also suggest distinct migrations bringing West Eurasian ancestry into South Asia before and after, but not at the time of, Yamnaya culture. We find no evidence of steppe ancestry in Bronze Age Anatolia from when Indo-European languages are attested there. Thus, in contrast to Europe, Early Bronze Age Yamnaya-related migrations had limited direct genetic impact in Asia.",

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AU - Moreno Mayar, José Víctor

AU - Kroonen, Guus

AU - Peyrot, Michaël

AU - Barjamovic, Gojko

AU - Rasmussen, Simon

AU - Zacho, Claus Grønlund

AU - Baimukhanov, Nurbol

AU - Zaibert, Victor

AU - Merz, Victor

AU - Biddanda, Arjun

AU - Merz, Ilja

AU - Loman, Valeriy

AU - Evdokimov, Valeriy

AU - Usmanova, Emma

AU - Hemphill, Brian

AU - Seguin-Orlando, Andaine

AU - Yediay, Fulya Eylem

AU - Ullah, Inam

AU - Sjögren, Karl-Göran

AU - Iversen, Katrine Højholt

AU - Choin, Jeremy

AU - de la Fuente Castro, Constanza

AU - Ilardo, Melissa

AU - Schroeder, Hannes

AU - Moiseyev, Vyacheslav

AU - Gromov, Andrey

AU - Polyakov, Andrei

AU - Omura, Sachihiro

AU - Senyurt, Süleyman Yücel

AU - Orlando, Ludovic Antoine Alexandre

AU - Ahmad, Habib

AU - McKenzie, Catriona

AU - Margaryan, Ashot

AU - Hameed, Abdul

AU - Samad, Abdul

AU - Gul, Nazish

AU - Khokhar, Muhammad Hassan

AU - Goriunova, O. I.

AU - Bazaliiskii, Vladimir I.

AU - Novembre, John

AU - Weber, Andrzej W.

AU - Allentoft, Morten Erik

AU - Nielsen, Rasmus

AU - Kristiansen, Kristian

AU - Sikora, Martin

AU - Outram, Alan K.

AU - Durbin, Richard

AU - Willerslev, Eske

PY - 2018/6/29

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AB - The Yamnaya expansions from the western steppe into Europe and Asia during the Early Bronze Age (~3000 BCE) are believed to have brought with them Indo-European languages and possibly horse husbandry. We analyzed 74 ancient whole-genome sequences from across Inner Asia and Anatolia and show that the Botai people associated with the earliest horse husbandry derived from a hunter-gatherer population deeply diverged from the Yamnaya. Our results also suggest distinct migrations bringing West Eurasian ancestry into South Asia before and after, but not at the time of, Yamnaya culture. We find no evidence of steppe ancestry in Bronze Age Anatolia from when Indo-European languages are attested there. Thus, in contrast to Europe, Early Bronze Age Yamnaya-related migrations had limited direct genetic impact in Asia.

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SN - 0036-8075

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JO - Science

JF - Science

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M1 - 1422

ER -

The first horse herders and the impact of early Bronze Age steppe expansions into Asia

Abstract

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