The EORTC CAT Core-The computer adaptive version of the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire

Morten Aa Petersen; Neil K Aaronson; Juan I Arraras; Wei-Chu Chie; Thierry Conroy; Anna Costantini; Linda Dirven; Peter Fayers; Eva-Maria Gamper; Johannes M Giesinger; Esther J J Habets; Eva Hammerlid; Jorunn Helbostad; Marianne J Hjermstad; Bernhard Holzner; Colin Johnson; Georg Kemmler; Madeleine T King; Stein Kaasa; Jon H Loge; Jaap C Reijneveld; Susanne Singer; Martin J B Taphoorn; Lise H Thamsborg; Krzysztof A Tomaszewski; Galina Velikova; Irma M Verdonck-de Leeuw; Teresa Young; Mogens Groenvold

doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2018.04.016

The EORTC CAT Core-The computer adaptive version of the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire

Morten Aa Petersen^*, Neil K Aaronson, Juan I Arraras, Wei-Chu Chie, Thierry Conroy, Anna Costantini, Linda Dirven, Peter Fayers, Eva-Maria Gamper, Johannes M Giesinger, Esther J J Habets, Eva Hammerlid, Jorunn Helbostad, Marianne J Hjermstad, Bernhard Holzner, Colin Johnson, Georg Kemmler, Madeleine T King, Stein Kaasa, Jon H LogeJaap C Reijneveld, Susanne Singer, Martin J B Taphoorn, Lise H Thamsborg, Krzysztof A Tomaszewski, Galina Velikova, Irma M Verdonck-de Leeuw, Teresa Young, Mogens Groenvold

^*Corresponding author for this work

Section of Health Services Research

30 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: To optimise measurement precision, relevance to patients and flexibility, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) should ideally be adapted to the individual patient/study while retaining direct comparability of scores across patients/studies. This is achievable using item banks and computerised adaptive tests (CATs). The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (QLQ-C30) is one of the most widely used PROMs in cancer research and clinical practice. Here we provide an overview of the research program to develop CAT versions of the QLQ-C30's 14 functional and symptom domains.

METHODS: The EORTC Quality of Life Group's strategy for developing CAT item banks consists of: literature search to identify potential candidate items; formulation of new items compatible with the QLQ-C30 item style; expert evaluations and patient interviews; field-testing and psychometric analyses, including factor analysis, item response theory calibration and simulation of measurement properties. In addition, software for setting up, running and scoring CAT has been developed.

RESULTS: Across eight rounds of data collections, 9782 patients were recruited from 12 countries for the field-testing. The four phases of development resulted in a total of 260 unique items across the 14 domains. Each item bank consists of 7-34 items. Psychometric evaluations indicated higher measurement precision and increased statistical power of the CAT measures compared to the QLQ-C30 scales. Using CAT, sample size requirements may be reduced by approximately 20-35% on average without loss of power.

CONCLUSIONS: The EORTC CAT Core represents a more precise, powerful and flexible measurement system than the QLQ-C30. It is currently being validated in a large independent, international sample of cancer patients.

Original language	English
Journal	European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990)
Volume	100
Pages (from-to)	8-16
Number of pages	9
ISSN	0959-8049
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2018.04.016
Publication status	Published - Sept 2018

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Petersen, M. A., Aaronson, N. K., Arraras, J. I., Chie, W-C., Conroy, T., Costantini, A., Dirven, L., Fayers, P., Gamper, E-M., Giesinger, J. M., Habets, E. J. J., Hammerlid, E., Helbostad, J., Hjermstad, M. J., Holzner, B., Johnson, C., Kemmler, G., King, M. T., Kaasa, S., ... Groenvold, M. (2018). The EORTC CAT Core-The computer adaptive version of the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990), 100, 8-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2018.04.016

Petersen, MA, Aaronson, NK, Arraras, JI, Chie, W-C, Conroy, T, Costantini, A, Dirven, L, Fayers, P, Gamper, E-M, Giesinger, JM, Habets, EJJ, Hammerlid, E, Helbostad, J, Hjermstad, MJ, Holzner, B, Johnson, C, Kemmler, G, King, MT, Kaasa, S, Loge, JH, Reijneveld, JC, Singer, S, Taphoorn, MJB, Thamsborg, LH, Tomaszewski, KA, Velikova, G, Verdonck-de Leeuw, IM, Young, T & Groenvold, M 2018, 'The EORTC CAT Core-The computer adaptive version of the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire', European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990), vol. 100, pp. 8-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2018.04.016

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title = "The EORTC CAT Core-The computer adaptive version of the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: To optimise measurement precision, relevance to patients and flexibility, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) should ideally be adapted to the individual patient/study while retaining direct comparability of scores across patients/studies. This is achievable using item banks and computerised adaptive tests (CATs). The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (QLQ-C30) is one of the most widely used PROMs in cancer research and clinical practice. Here we provide an overview of the research program to develop CAT versions of the QLQ-C30's 14 functional and symptom domains.METHODS: The EORTC Quality of Life Group's strategy for developing CAT item banks consists of: literature search to identify potential candidate items; formulation of new items compatible with the QLQ-C30 item style; expert evaluations and patient interviews; field-testing and psychometric analyses, including factor analysis, item response theory calibration and simulation of measurement properties. In addition, software for setting up, running and scoring CAT has been developed.RESULTS: Across eight rounds of data collections, 9782 patients were recruited from 12 countries for the field-testing. The four phases of development resulted in a total of 260 unique items across the 14 domains. Each item bank consists of 7-34 items. Psychometric evaluations indicated higher measurement precision and increased statistical power of the CAT measures compared to the QLQ-C30 scales. Using CAT, sample size requirements may be reduced by approximately 20-35% on average without loss of power.CONCLUSIONS: The EORTC CAT Core represents a more precise, powerful and flexible measurement system than the QLQ-C30. It is currently being validated in a large independent, international sample of cancer patients.",

author = "Petersen, {Morten Aa} and Aaronson, {Neil K} and Arraras, {Juan I} and Wei-Chu Chie and Thierry Conroy and Anna Costantini and Linda Dirven and Peter Fayers and Eva-Maria Gamper and Giesinger, {Johannes M} and Habets, {Esther J J} and Eva Hammerlid and Jorunn Helbostad and Hjermstad, {Marianne J} and Bernhard Holzner and Colin Johnson and Georg Kemmler and King, {Madeleine T} and Stein Kaasa and Loge, {Jon H} and Reijneveld, {Jaap C} and Susanne Singer and Taphoorn, {Martin J B} and Thamsborg, {Lise H} and Tomaszewski, {Krzysztof A} and Galina Velikova and {Verdonck-de Leeuw}, {Irma M} and Teresa Young and Mogens Groenvold",

year = "2018",

month = sep,

doi = "10.1016/j.ejca.2018.04.016",

language = "English",

volume = "100",

pages = "8--16",

journal = "European Journal of Cancer, Supplement",

issn = "0959-8049",

publisher = "Pergamon",

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T1 - The EORTC CAT Core-The computer adaptive version of the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire

AU - Petersen, Morten Aa

AU - Aaronson, Neil K

AU - Arraras, Juan I

AU - Chie, Wei-Chu

AU - Conroy, Thierry

AU - Costantini, Anna

AU - Dirven, Linda

AU - Fayers, Peter

AU - Gamper, Eva-Maria

AU - Giesinger, Johannes M

AU - Habets, Esther J J

AU - Hammerlid, Eva

AU - Helbostad, Jorunn

AU - Hjermstad, Marianne J

AU - Holzner, Bernhard

AU - Johnson, Colin

AU - Kemmler, Georg

AU - King, Madeleine T

AU - Kaasa, Stein

AU - Loge, Jon H

AU - Reijneveld, Jaap C

AU - Singer, Susanne

AU - Taphoorn, Martin J B

AU - Thamsborg, Lise H

AU - Tomaszewski, Krzysztof A

AU - Velikova, Galina

AU - Verdonck-de Leeuw, Irma M

AU - Young, Teresa

AU - Groenvold, Mogens

PY - 2018/9

Y1 - 2018/9

N2 - BACKGROUND: To optimise measurement precision, relevance to patients and flexibility, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) should ideally be adapted to the individual patient/study while retaining direct comparability of scores across patients/studies. This is achievable using item banks and computerised adaptive tests (CATs). The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (QLQ-C30) is one of the most widely used PROMs in cancer research and clinical practice. Here we provide an overview of the research program to develop CAT versions of the QLQ-C30's 14 functional and symptom domains.METHODS: The EORTC Quality of Life Group's strategy for developing CAT item banks consists of: literature search to identify potential candidate items; formulation of new items compatible with the QLQ-C30 item style; expert evaluations and patient interviews; field-testing and psychometric analyses, including factor analysis, item response theory calibration and simulation of measurement properties. In addition, software for setting up, running and scoring CAT has been developed.RESULTS: Across eight rounds of data collections, 9782 patients were recruited from 12 countries for the field-testing. The four phases of development resulted in a total of 260 unique items across the 14 domains. Each item bank consists of 7-34 items. Psychometric evaluations indicated higher measurement precision and increased statistical power of the CAT measures compared to the QLQ-C30 scales. Using CAT, sample size requirements may be reduced by approximately 20-35% on average without loss of power.CONCLUSIONS: The EORTC CAT Core represents a more precise, powerful and flexible measurement system than the QLQ-C30. It is currently being validated in a large independent, international sample of cancer patients.

AB - BACKGROUND: To optimise measurement precision, relevance to patients and flexibility, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) should ideally be adapted to the individual patient/study while retaining direct comparability of scores across patients/studies. This is achievable using item banks and computerised adaptive tests (CATs). The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (QLQ-C30) is one of the most widely used PROMs in cancer research and clinical practice. Here we provide an overview of the research program to develop CAT versions of the QLQ-C30's 14 functional and symptom domains.METHODS: The EORTC Quality of Life Group's strategy for developing CAT item banks consists of: literature search to identify potential candidate items; formulation of new items compatible with the QLQ-C30 item style; expert evaluations and patient interviews; field-testing and psychometric analyses, including factor analysis, item response theory calibration and simulation of measurement properties. In addition, software for setting up, running and scoring CAT has been developed.RESULTS: Across eight rounds of data collections, 9782 patients were recruited from 12 countries for the field-testing. The four phases of development resulted in a total of 260 unique items across the 14 domains. Each item bank consists of 7-34 items. Psychometric evaluations indicated higher measurement precision and increased statistical power of the CAT measures compared to the QLQ-C30 scales. Using CAT, sample size requirements may be reduced by approximately 20-35% on average without loss of power.CONCLUSIONS: The EORTC CAT Core represents a more precise, powerful and flexible measurement system than the QLQ-C30. It is currently being validated in a large independent, international sample of cancer patients.

U2 - 10.1016/j.ejca.2018.04.016

DO - 10.1016/j.ejca.2018.04.016

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 29936066

SN - 0959-8049

VL - 100

SP - 8

EP - 16

JO - European Journal of Cancer, Supplement

JF - European Journal of Cancer, Supplement

ER -

The EORTC CAT Core-The computer adaptive version of the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire

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