TY - JOUR
T1 - The effect of oxygen tension on porcine embryonic development is dependent on embryo type.
AU - Booth, Paul J
AU - Holm, Peter
AU - Callesen, Henrik
PY - 2005/4
Y1 - 2005/4
N2 - Reducing oxygen concentration from atmospheric levels during in vitro culture generally, but not invariably, improves embryonic development across a range of species. Since the few published reports of such an action in the pig are contradictory--perhaps a consequence of the derivation of the embryos prior to culture--a study was performed to examine the effect of O2 tension during culture on three different types of porcine embryos, namely: in vivo flushed embryos, and in vitro matured oocytes either fertilized in vitro or parthenogenetically activated. In vivo embryos (n=208) were flushed at the 2-8 cell stage. Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) destined for IVF or parthenogenetic activation were derived from 2 to 6 mm, post-pubertal ovarian follicles and matured for 48 h in TCM-199. Parthenogenones were generated by activating denuded oocytes (n=573) with 10 mM calcium ionophore, followed by 2 mM DMAP prior to culture. The IVF embryos (n=971) were produced by fertilizing COCs (day 0) with fresh ejaculated semen in modified tris-based medium for 6 h before cumulus removal. All embryos were cultured in BECM-3 containing 12 mg/mL fatty-acid-free BSA up to day 4, followed by BECM-3 supplemented with 10% calf serum until day 7. The gas environment for IVM/IVF was 5% CO2 in air, while that for IVC was either 5% CO2 in air or 5% O2, 5% CO2 and 90% N2. Low O2 tension increased both day 7 blastocyst rates (high versus low O2, respectively; 9.3+/-2.9%: 26/280; 23.9+/-4.2%: 71/293; P
AB - Reducing oxygen concentration from atmospheric levels during in vitro culture generally, but not invariably, improves embryonic development across a range of species. Since the few published reports of such an action in the pig are contradictory--perhaps a consequence of the derivation of the embryos prior to culture--a study was performed to examine the effect of O2 tension during culture on three different types of porcine embryos, namely: in vivo flushed embryos, and in vitro matured oocytes either fertilized in vitro or parthenogenetically activated. In vivo embryos (n=208) were flushed at the 2-8 cell stage. Cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) destined for IVF or parthenogenetic activation were derived from 2 to 6 mm, post-pubertal ovarian follicles and matured for 48 h in TCM-199. Parthenogenones were generated by activating denuded oocytes (n=573) with 10 mM calcium ionophore, followed by 2 mM DMAP prior to culture. The IVF embryos (n=971) were produced by fertilizing COCs (day 0) with fresh ejaculated semen in modified tris-based medium for 6 h before cumulus removal. All embryos were cultured in BECM-3 containing 12 mg/mL fatty-acid-free BSA up to day 4, followed by BECM-3 supplemented with 10% calf serum until day 7. The gas environment for IVM/IVF was 5% CO2 in air, while that for IVC was either 5% CO2 in air or 5% O2, 5% CO2 and 90% N2. Low O2 tension increased both day 7 blastocyst rates (high versus low O2, respectively; 9.3+/-2.9%: 26/280; 23.9+/-4.2%: 71/293; P
KW - Animals
KW - Blastocyst
KW - Blastocyst: physiology
KW - Culture Techniques
KW - Culture Techniques: methods
KW - Culture Techniques: veterinary
KW - Embryonic Development
KW - Embryonic Development: physiology
KW - Female
KW - Fertilization in Vitro
KW - Fertilization in Vitro: methods
KW - Fertilization in Vitro: veterinary
KW - Insemination, Artificial
KW - Insemination, Artificial: veterinary
KW - Logistic Models
KW - Male
KW - Oxygen
KW - Oxygen: administration & dosage
KW - Parthenogenesis
KW - Parthenogenesis: physiology
KW - Pregnancy
KW - Swine
KW - Swine: embryology
U2 - 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2004.10.001
DO - 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2004.10.001
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 15823359
SN - 0093-691X
VL - 63
SP - 2040
EP - 2052
JO - Theriogenology
JF - Theriogenology
IS - 7
ER -