Taxi drivers: the role of animals in transporting mycorrhizal fungi

Martina Vašutová; Piotr Mleczko; Alvaro Lopez Garcia; Irena Maček; Gergely Boros; Jan Ševčík; Saori Fujii; Davorka Hackenberger; Ivan H. Tuf; Elisabeth Hornung; Barna Páll-Gergely; Rasmus Kjøller

doi:10.1007/s00572-019-00906-1

Taxi drivers: the role of animals in transporting mycorrhizal fungi

Martina Vašutová^*, Piotr Mleczko, Alvaro Lopez Garcia, Irena Maček, Gergely Boros, Jan Ševčík, Saori Fujii, Davorka Hackenberger, Ivan H. Tuf, Elisabeth Hornung, Barna Páll-Gergely, Rasmus Kjøller

^*Corresponding author for this work

15 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Dispersal of mycorrhizal fungi via animals and the importance for the interacting partners’ life history as well as for ecosystems is an understudied topic. In this review, we describe the available evidence and the most important knowledge gaps and finally suggest ways to gain the missing information. So far, 33 articles have been published proving a successful transfer of mycorrhizal propagules by animals. The vast majority of research on invertebrates was focused on arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, whereas papers on vertebrates (mainly rodents and artiodactyls) equally addressed ectomycorrhizal (ECM) and AM fungi. Effective dispersal has been mostly shown by the successful inoculation of bait plants and less commonly by spore staining or germination tests. Based on the available data and general knowledge on animal lifestyles, collembolans and oribatid mites may be important in transporting ECM fungal propagules by ectozoochory, whereas earthworms, isopods, and millipedes could mainly transfer AM fungal spores in their gut systems. ECM fungal distribution may be affected by mycophagous dipterans and their hymenopteran parasitoids, while slugs, snails, and beetles could transport both mycorrhizal groups. Vertebrates feeding on fruit bodies were shown to disperse mainly ECM fungi, while AM fungi are transported mostly accidentally by herbivores. The important knowledge gaps include insufficient information on dispersal of fungal propagules other than spores, the role of invertebrates in the dispersal of mycorrhizal fungi, the way in which propagules pass through food webs, and the spatial distances reached by different dispersal mechanisms both horizontally and vertically.

Original language	English
Journal	Mycorrhiza
Volume	29
Issue number	5
Pages (from-to)	412-434
Number of pages	22
ISSN	0940-6360
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-019-00906-1
Publication status	Published - 1 Oct 2019

Keywords

Arbuscular mycorrhiza
Biodiversity
Dispersal
Ectomycorrhiza
Fungal traits
Zoochory

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10.1007/s00572-019-00906-1

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title = "Taxi drivers: the role of animals in transporting mycorrhizal fungi",

abstract = "Dispersal of mycorrhizal fungi via animals and the importance for the interacting partners{\textquoteright} life history as well as for ecosystems is an understudied topic. In this review, we describe the available evidence and the most important knowledge gaps and finally suggest ways to gain the missing information. So far, 33 articles have been published proving a successful transfer of mycorrhizal propagules by animals. The vast majority of research on invertebrates was focused on arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, whereas papers on vertebrates (mainly rodents and artiodactyls) equally addressed ectomycorrhizal (ECM) and AM fungi. Effective dispersal has been mostly shown by the successful inoculation of bait plants and less commonly by spore staining or germination tests. Based on the available data and general knowledge on animal lifestyles, collembolans and oribatid mites may be important in transporting ECM fungal propagules by ectozoochory, whereas earthworms, isopods, and millipedes could mainly transfer AM fungal spores in their gut systems. ECM fungal distribution may be affected by mycophagous dipterans and their hymenopteran parasitoids, while slugs, snails, and beetles could transport both mycorrhizal groups. Vertebrates feeding on fruit bodies were shown to disperse mainly ECM fungi, while AM fungi are transported mostly accidentally by herbivores. The important knowledge gaps include insufficient information on dispersal of fungal propagules other than spores, the role of invertebrates in the dispersal of mycorrhizal fungi, the way in which propagules pass through food webs, and the spatial distances reached by different dispersal mechanisms both horizontally and vertically.",

keywords = "Arbuscular mycorrhiza, Biodiversity, Dispersal, Ectomycorrhiza, Fungal traits, Zoochory",

author = "Martina Va{\v s}utov{\'a} and Piotr Mleczko and {Lopez Garcia}, Alvaro and Irena Ma{\v c}ek and Gergely Boros and Jan {\v S}ev{\v c}{\'i}k and Saori Fujii and Davorka Hackenberger and Tuf, {Ivan H.} and Elisabeth Hornung and Barna P{\'a}ll-Gergely and Rasmus Kj{\o}ller",

year = "2019",

month = oct,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1007/s00572-019-00906-1",

language = "English",

volume = "29",

pages = "412--434",

journal = "Mycorrhiza",

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T2 - the role of animals in transporting mycorrhizal fungi

AU - Vašutová, Martina

AU - Mleczko, Piotr

AU - Lopez Garcia, Alvaro

AU - Maček, Irena

AU - Boros, Gergely

AU - Ševčík, Jan

AU - Fujii, Saori

AU - Hackenberger, Davorka

AU - Tuf, Ivan H.

AU - Hornung, Elisabeth

AU - Páll-Gergely, Barna

AU - Kjøller, Rasmus

PY - 2019/10/1

Y1 - 2019/10/1

N2 - Dispersal of mycorrhizal fungi via animals and the importance for the interacting partners’ life history as well as for ecosystems is an understudied topic. In this review, we describe the available evidence and the most important knowledge gaps and finally suggest ways to gain the missing information. So far, 33 articles have been published proving a successful transfer of mycorrhizal propagules by animals. The vast majority of research on invertebrates was focused on arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, whereas papers on vertebrates (mainly rodents and artiodactyls) equally addressed ectomycorrhizal (ECM) and AM fungi. Effective dispersal has been mostly shown by the successful inoculation of bait plants and less commonly by spore staining or germination tests. Based on the available data and general knowledge on animal lifestyles, collembolans and oribatid mites may be important in transporting ECM fungal propagules by ectozoochory, whereas earthworms, isopods, and millipedes could mainly transfer AM fungal spores in their gut systems. ECM fungal distribution may be affected by mycophagous dipterans and their hymenopteran parasitoids, while slugs, snails, and beetles could transport both mycorrhizal groups. Vertebrates feeding on fruit bodies were shown to disperse mainly ECM fungi, while AM fungi are transported mostly accidentally by herbivores. The important knowledge gaps include insufficient information on dispersal of fungal propagules other than spores, the role of invertebrates in the dispersal of mycorrhizal fungi, the way in which propagules pass through food webs, and the spatial distances reached by different dispersal mechanisms both horizontally and vertically.

AB - Dispersal of mycorrhizal fungi via animals and the importance for the interacting partners’ life history as well as for ecosystems is an understudied topic. In this review, we describe the available evidence and the most important knowledge gaps and finally suggest ways to gain the missing information. So far, 33 articles have been published proving a successful transfer of mycorrhizal propagules by animals. The vast majority of research on invertebrates was focused on arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, whereas papers on vertebrates (mainly rodents and artiodactyls) equally addressed ectomycorrhizal (ECM) and AM fungi. Effective dispersal has been mostly shown by the successful inoculation of bait plants and less commonly by spore staining or germination tests. Based on the available data and general knowledge on animal lifestyles, collembolans and oribatid mites may be important in transporting ECM fungal propagules by ectozoochory, whereas earthworms, isopods, and millipedes could mainly transfer AM fungal spores in their gut systems. ECM fungal distribution may be affected by mycophagous dipterans and their hymenopteran parasitoids, while slugs, snails, and beetles could transport both mycorrhizal groups. Vertebrates feeding on fruit bodies were shown to disperse mainly ECM fungi, while AM fungi are transported mostly accidentally by herbivores. The important knowledge gaps include insufficient information on dispersal of fungal propagules other than spores, the role of invertebrates in the dispersal of mycorrhizal fungi, the way in which propagules pass through food webs, and the spatial distances reached by different dispersal mechanisms both horizontally and vertically.

KW - Arbuscular mycorrhiza

KW - Biodiversity

KW - Dispersal

KW - Ectomycorrhiza

KW - Fungal traits

KW - Zoochory

U2 - 10.1007/s00572-019-00906-1

DO - 10.1007/s00572-019-00906-1

M3 - Review

C2 - 31292712

AN - SCOPUS:85069701996

SN - 0940-6360

VL - 29

SP - 412

EP - 434

JO - Mycorrhiza

JF - Mycorrhiza

IS - 5

ER -

Taxi drivers: the role of animals in transporting mycorrhizal fungi

Abstract

Keywords

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