Synchronous volcanic eruptions and abrupt climate change ~17.7 ka plausibly linked by stratospheric ozone depletion

Joseph R. McConnell; Andrea Burke; Nelia W. Dunbar; Peter Köhler; Jennie L. Thomas; Monica M. Arienzo; Nathan J. Chellman; Olivia J. Maselli; Michael Sigl; Jess F. Adkins; Daniel Baggenstos; John F. Burkhart; Edward J. Brook; Christo Buizert; Jihong Cole-Dai; T. J. Fudge; Gregor Knorr; Hans F. Graf; Mackenzie M. Grieman; Nels Iverson; Kenneth C. McGwire; Robert Mulvaney; Guillaume Paris; Rachael H. Rhodes; Eric S. Saltzman; Jeffrey P. Severinghaus; Jørgen Peder Steffensen; Kendrick C. Taylor; Gisela Winckler

doi:10.1073/pnas.1705595114

Synchronous volcanic eruptions and abrupt climate change ~17.7 ka plausibly linked by stratospheric ozone depletion

Joseph R. McConnell^*, Andrea Burke, Nelia W. Dunbar, Peter Köhler, Jennie L. Thomas, Monica M. Arienzo, Nathan J. Chellman, Olivia J. Maselli, Michael Sigl, Jess F. Adkins, Daniel Baggenstos, John F. Burkhart, Edward J. Brook, Christo Buizert, Jihong Cole-Dai, T. J. Fudge, Gregor Knorr, Hans F. Graf, Mackenzie M. Grieman, Nels IversonKenneth C. McGwire, Robert Mulvaney, Guillaume Paris, Rachael H. Rhodes, Eric S. Saltzman, Jeffrey P. Severinghaus, Jørgen Peder Steffensen, Kendrick C. Taylor, Gisela Winckler

^*Corresponding author for this work

Physics of Ice, Climate and Earth

33 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Glacial-state greenhouse gas concentrations and Southern Hemisphere climate conditions persisted until ~17.7 ka, when a nearly synchronous acceleration in deglaciation was recorded in paleoclimate proxies in large parts of the Southern Hemisphere, with many changes ascribed to a sudden poleward shift in the Southern Hemisphere westerlies and subsequent climate impacts. We used high-resolution chemical measurements in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide, Byrd, and other ice cores to document a unique, ~192-y series of halogen-rich volcanic eruptions exactly at the start of accelerated deglaciation, with tephra identifying the nearby Mount Takahe volcano as the source. Extensive fallout from these massive eruptions has been found >2,800 km from Mount Takahe. Sulfur isotope anomalies and marked decreases in ice core bromine consistent with increased surface UV radiation indicate that the eruptions led to stratospheric ozone depletion. Rather than a highly improbable coincidence, circulation and climate changes extending from the Antarctic Peninsula to the subtropics—similar to those associated with modern stratospheric ozone depletion over Antarctica—plausibly link the Mount Takahe eruptions to the onset of accelerated Southern Hemisphere deglaciation ~17.7 ka.

Original language	English
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Volume	114
Issue number	38
Pages (from-to)	10035-10040
Number of pages	6
ISSN	0027-8424
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1705595114
Publication status	Published - 2017

Keywords

Aerosol
Climate
Deglaciation
Ozone
Volcanism

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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McConnell, J. R., Burke, A., Dunbar, N. W., Köhler, P., Thomas, J. L., Arienzo, M. M., Chellman, N. J., Maselli, O. J., Sigl, M., Adkins, J. F., Baggenstos, D., Burkhart, J. F., Brook, E. J., Buizert, C., Cole-Dai, J., Fudge, T. J., Knorr, G., Graf, H. F., Grieman, M. M., ... Winckler, G. (2017). Synchronous volcanic eruptions and abrupt climate change ~17.7 ka plausibly linked by stratospheric ozone depletion. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114(38), 10035-10040. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1705595114

Synchronous volcanic eruptions and abrupt climate change ~17.7 ka plausibly linked by stratospheric ozone depletion. / McConnell, Joseph R.; Burke, Andrea; Dunbar, Nelia W. et al.
In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 114, No. 38, 2017, p. 10035-10040.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

McConnell, JR, Burke, A, Dunbar, NW, Köhler, P, Thomas, JL, Arienzo, MM, Chellman, NJ, Maselli, OJ, Sigl, M, Adkins, JF, Baggenstos, D, Burkhart, JF, Brook, EJ, Buizert, C, Cole-Dai, J, Fudge, TJ, Knorr, G, Graf, HF, Grieman, MM, Iverson, N, McGwire, KC, Mulvaney, R, Paris, G, Rhodes, RH, Saltzman, ES, Severinghaus, JP, Steffensen, JP, Taylor, KC & Winckler, G 2017, 'Synchronous volcanic eruptions and abrupt climate change ~17.7 ka plausibly linked by stratospheric ozone depletion', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 114, no. 38, pp. 10035-10040. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1705595114

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title = "Synchronous volcanic eruptions and abrupt climate change ~17.7 ka plausibly linked by stratospheric ozone depletion",

abstract = "Glacial-state greenhouse gas concentrations and Southern Hemisphere climate conditions persisted until ~17.7 ka, when a nearly synchronous acceleration in deglaciation was recorded in paleoclimate proxies in large parts of the Southern Hemisphere, with many changes ascribed to a sudden poleward shift in the Southern Hemisphere westerlies and subsequent climate impacts. We used high-resolution chemical measurements in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide, Byrd, and other ice cores to document a unique, ~192-y series of halogen-rich volcanic eruptions exactly at the start of accelerated deglaciation, with tephra identifying the nearby Mount Takahe volcano as the source. Extensive fallout from these massive eruptions has been found >2,800 km from Mount Takahe. Sulfur isotope anomalies and marked decreases in ice core bromine consistent with increased surface UV radiation indicate that the eruptions led to stratospheric ozone depletion. Rather than a highly improbable coincidence, circulation and climate changes extending from the Antarctic Peninsula to the subtropics—similar to those associated with modern stratospheric ozone depletion over Antarctica—plausibly link the Mount Takahe eruptions to the onset of accelerated Southern Hemisphere deglaciation ~17.7 ka.",

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T1 - Synchronous volcanic eruptions and abrupt climate change ~17.7 ka plausibly linked by stratospheric ozone depletion

AU - McConnell, Joseph R.

AU - Burke, Andrea

AU - Dunbar, Nelia W.

AU - Köhler, Peter

AU - Thomas, Jennie L.

AU - Arienzo, Monica M.

AU - Chellman, Nathan J.

AU - Maselli, Olivia J.

AU - Sigl, Michael

AU - Adkins, Jess F.

AU - Baggenstos, Daniel

AU - Burkhart, John F.

AU - Brook, Edward J.

AU - Buizert, Christo

AU - Cole-Dai, Jihong

AU - Fudge, T. J.

AU - Knorr, Gregor

AU - Graf, Hans F.

AU - Grieman, Mackenzie M.

AU - Iverson, Nels

AU - McGwire, Kenneth C.

AU - Mulvaney, Robert

AU - Paris, Guillaume

AU - Rhodes, Rachael H.

AU - Saltzman, Eric S.

AU - Severinghaus, Jeffrey P.

AU - Steffensen, Jørgen Peder

AU - Taylor, Kendrick C.

AU - Winckler, Gisela

PY - 2017

Y1 - 2017

N2 - Glacial-state greenhouse gas concentrations and Southern Hemisphere climate conditions persisted until ~17.7 ka, when a nearly synchronous acceleration in deglaciation was recorded in paleoclimate proxies in large parts of the Southern Hemisphere, with many changes ascribed to a sudden poleward shift in the Southern Hemisphere westerlies and subsequent climate impacts. We used high-resolution chemical measurements in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide, Byrd, and other ice cores to document a unique, ~192-y series of halogen-rich volcanic eruptions exactly at the start of accelerated deglaciation, with tephra identifying the nearby Mount Takahe volcano as the source. Extensive fallout from these massive eruptions has been found >2,800 km from Mount Takahe. Sulfur isotope anomalies and marked decreases in ice core bromine consistent with increased surface UV radiation indicate that the eruptions led to stratospheric ozone depletion. Rather than a highly improbable coincidence, circulation and climate changes extending from the Antarctic Peninsula to the subtropics—similar to those associated with modern stratospheric ozone depletion over Antarctica—plausibly link the Mount Takahe eruptions to the onset of accelerated Southern Hemisphere deglaciation ~17.7 ka.

AB - Glacial-state greenhouse gas concentrations and Southern Hemisphere climate conditions persisted until ~17.7 ka, when a nearly synchronous acceleration in deglaciation was recorded in paleoclimate proxies in large parts of the Southern Hemisphere, with many changes ascribed to a sudden poleward shift in the Southern Hemisphere westerlies and subsequent climate impacts. We used high-resolution chemical measurements in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide, Byrd, and other ice cores to document a unique, ~192-y series of halogen-rich volcanic eruptions exactly at the start of accelerated deglaciation, with tephra identifying the nearby Mount Takahe volcano as the source. Extensive fallout from these massive eruptions has been found >2,800 km from Mount Takahe. Sulfur isotope anomalies and marked decreases in ice core bromine consistent with increased surface UV radiation indicate that the eruptions led to stratospheric ozone depletion. Rather than a highly improbable coincidence, circulation and climate changes extending from the Antarctic Peninsula to the subtropics—similar to those associated with modern stratospheric ozone depletion over Antarctica—plausibly link the Mount Takahe eruptions to the onset of accelerated Southern Hemisphere deglaciation ~17.7 ka.

KW - Aerosol

KW - Climate

KW - Deglaciation

KW - Ozone

KW - Volcanism

U2 - 10.1073/pnas.1705595114

DO - 10.1073/pnas.1705595114

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 28874529

AN - SCOPUS:85029570851

SN - 0027-8424

VL - 114

SP - 10035

EP - 10040

JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

IS - 38

ER -

Synchronous volcanic eruptions and abrupt climate change ~17.7 ka plausibly linked by stratospheric ozone depletion

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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