Structure-activity-relationship study of N-acyl-N-phenylpiperazines as potential inhibitors of the excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs): Improving the potency of a micromolar screening hit is not truism

Tri Hien Viet Huynh; Charles Sylvain Demmer; Bjarke Abrahamsen; Emil Märcher-Rørsted; M Frykman; Anders A. Jensen; Lennart Bunch

doi:10.1186/2193-1801-2-112

Structure-activity-relationship study of N-acyl-N-phenylpiperazines as potential inhibitors of the excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs): Improving the potency of a micromolar screening hit is not truism

Tri Hien Viet Huynh, Charles Sylvain Demmer, Bjarke Abrahamsen, Emil Märcher-Rørsted, M Frykman, Anders A. Jensen, Lennart Bunch

Abstract

The excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) are transmembrane proteins responsible for the uptake of (S)-glutamate from the synaptic cleft. To date, five subtypes EAAT1-5 have been identified for which selective inhibitors have been discovered for EAAT1 and EAAT2. By screening of a commercially available compound library consisting of 4,000 compounds, N-acyl-N-phenylpiperazine analog (±)-exo-1 was identified to be a non-selective inhibitor at EAAT1-3 displaying IC₅₀ values in the mid-micromolar range (10 μM, 40 μM and 30 μM at EAAT1, 2 and 3, respectively). Subsequently, we designed and synthesized a series of analogs to explore the structure-activityrelationship of this scaffold in the search for analogs characterized by increased inhibitory potency and/or EAAT subtype selectivity. Despite extensive efforts, all analogs of (±)-exo-1 proved to be either inactive or to have least 3-fold lower inhibitory potency than the lead, and furthermore none of the active analogs displayed selectivity for a particular subtype amongst the EAAT1-3. On the basis of our findings, we speculate that (±)-exo-1 binds to a recess (deepening) on the EAAT proteins than a well-defined pocket.

Original language	English
Journal	SpringerPlus
Volume	2
Pages (from-to)	112
ISSN	2193-1801
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-2-112
Publication status	Published - 2013

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Huynh, T. H. V., Demmer, C. S., Abrahamsen, B., Märcher-Rørsted, E., Frykman, M., Jensen, A. A., & Bunch, L. (2013). Structure-activity-relationship study of N-acyl-N-phenylpiperazines as potential inhibitors of the excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs): Improving the potency of a micromolar screening hit is not truism. SpringerPlus, 2, 112. https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-2-112

Structure-activity-relationship study of N-acyl-N-phenylpiperazines as potential inhibitors of the excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs): Improving the potency of a micromolar screening hit is not truism. / Huynh, Tri Hien Viet; Demmer, Charles Sylvain; Abrahamsen, Bjarke et al.
In: SpringerPlus, Vol. 2, 2013, p. 112.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Huynh, THV, Demmer, CS, Abrahamsen, B, Märcher-Rørsted, E, Frykman, M, Jensen, AA & Bunch, L 2013, 'Structure-activity-relationship study of N-acyl-N-phenylpiperazines as potential inhibitors of the excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs): Improving the potency of a micromolar screening hit is not truism', SpringerPlus, vol. 2, pp. 112. https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-2-112

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abstract = "The excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) are transmembrane proteins responsible for the uptake of (S)-glutamate from the synaptic cleft. To date, five subtypes EAAT1-5 have been identified for which selective inhibitors have been discovered for EAAT1 and EAAT2. By screening of a commercially available compound library consisting of 4,000 compounds, N-acyl-N-phenylpiperazine analog (±)-exo-1 was identified to be a non-selective inhibitor at EAAT1-3 displaying IC50 values in the mid-micromolar range (10 μM, 40 μM and 30 μM at EAAT1, 2 and 3, respectively). Subsequently, we designed and synthesized a series of analogs to explore the structure-activityrelationship of this scaffold in the search for analogs characterized by increased inhibitory potency and/or EAAT subtype selectivity. Despite extensive efforts, all analogs of (±)-exo-1 proved to be either inactive or to have least 3-fold lower inhibitory potency than the lead, and furthermore none of the active analogs displayed selectivity for a particular subtype amongst the EAAT1-3. On the basis of our findings, we speculate that (±)-exo-1 binds to a recess (deepening) on the EAAT proteins than a well-defined pocket.",

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AB - The excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) are transmembrane proteins responsible for the uptake of (S)-glutamate from the synaptic cleft. To date, five subtypes EAAT1-5 have been identified for which selective inhibitors have been discovered for EAAT1 and EAAT2. By screening of a commercially available compound library consisting of 4,000 compounds, N-acyl-N-phenylpiperazine analog (±)-exo-1 was identified to be a non-selective inhibitor at EAAT1-3 displaying IC50 values in the mid-micromolar range (10 μM, 40 μM and 30 μM at EAAT1, 2 and 3, respectively). Subsequently, we designed and synthesized a series of analogs to explore the structure-activityrelationship of this scaffold in the search for analogs characterized by increased inhibitory potency and/or EAAT subtype selectivity. Despite extensive efforts, all analogs of (±)-exo-1 proved to be either inactive or to have least 3-fold lower inhibitory potency than the lead, and furthermore none of the active analogs displayed selectivity for a particular subtype amongst the EAAT1-3. On the basis of our findings, we speculate that (±)-exo-1 binds to a recess (deepening) on the EAAT proteins than a well-defined pocket.

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