Soil respiration is stimulated by elevated CO2 and reduced by summer drought: three years of measurements in a multifactor ecosystem manipulation experiment in a temperate heathland (CLIMAITE)

Merete Bang Selsted; Leon van der Linden; Andreas Ibrom; Anders Michelsen; Klaus Steenberg Larsen; Jane Pedersen; Teis Nørgaard Mikkelsen; Kim Pilegaard; Claus Beier; Per Lennart Ambus

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02634.x

Soil respiration is stimulated by elevated CO2 and reduced by summer drought: three years of measurements in a multifactor ecosystem manipulation experiment in a temperate heathland (CLIMAITE)

Merete Bang Selsted, Leon van der Linden, Andreas Ibrom, Anders Michelsen, Klaus Steenberg Larsen, Jane Pedersen, Teis Nørgaard Mikkelsen, Kim Pilegaard, Claus Beier, Per Lennart Ambus

Terrestrial Ecology

66 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

This study investigated the impact of predicted future climatic and atmospheric conditions on soil respiration (R _S) in a Danish Calluna-Deschampsia-heathland. A fully factorial in situ experiment with treatments of elevated atmospheric CO ₂ (+130 ppm), raised soil temperature (+0.4 °C) and extended summer drought (5-8% precipitation exclusion) was established in 2005. The average R _S, observed in the control over 3 years of measurements (1.7 μmol CO ₂ m ^-2 sec ^-1), increased 38% under elevated CO ₂, irrespective of combination with the drought or temperature treatments. In contrast, extended summer drought decreased R _S by 14%, while elevated soil temperature did not affect R _S overall. A significant interaction between elevated temperature and drought resulted in further reduction of R _S when these treatments were combined. A detailed analysis of short-term R _S dynamics associated with drought periods showed that R _S was reduced by ~50% and was strongly correlated with soil moisture during these events. Recovery of R _S to pre-drought levels occurred within 2 weeks of rewetting; however, unexpected drought effects were observed several months after summer drought treatment in 2 of the 3 years, possibly due to reduced plant growth or changes in soil water holding capacity. An empirical model that predicts R _S from soil temperature, soil moisture and plant biomass was developed and accounted for 55% of the observed variability in R _S. The model predicted annual sums of R _S in 2006 and 2007, in the control, were 672 and 719 g C m ^-2 y ^-1, respectively. For the full treatment combination, i.e. the future climate scenario, the model predicted that soil respiratory C losses would increase by ~21% (140-150 g C m ^-2 y ^-1). Therefore, in the future climate, stimulation of C storage in plant biomass and litter must be in excess of 21% for this ecosystem to not suffer a reduction in net ecosystem exchange.

Original language	English
Journal	Global Change Biology
Volume	18
Issue number	4
Pages (from-to)	1216-1230
Number of pages	15
ISSN	1354-1013
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02634.x
Publication status	Published - Apr 2012

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Soil respiration is stimulated by elevated CO2 and reduced by summer droughtFinal published version, 413 KB

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Selsted, M. B., van der Linden, L., Ibrom, A., Michelsen, A., Larsen, K. S., Pedersen, J., Mikkelsen, T. N., Pilegaard, K., Beier, C., & Ambus, P. L. (2012). Soil respiration is stimulated by elevated CO2 and reduced by summer drought: three years of measurements in a multifactor ecosystem manipulation experiment in a temperate heathland (CLIMAITE). Global Change Biology, 18(4), 1216-1230. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02634.x

Soil respiration is stimulated by elevated CO2 and reduced by summer drought: three years of measurements in a multifactor ecosystem manipulation experiment in a temperate heathland (CLIMAITE). / Selsted, Merete Bang; van der Linden, Leon; Ibrom, Andreas et al.
In: Global Change Biology, Vol. 18, No. 4, 04.2012, p. 1216-1230.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Selsted, MB, van der Linden, L, Ibrom, A, Michelsen, A , Larsen, KS, Pedersen, J, Mikkelsen, TN, Pilegaard, K, Beier, C & Ambus, PL 2012, 'Soil respiration is stimulated by elevated CO2 and reduced by summer drought: three years of measurements in a multifactor ecosystem manipulation experiment in a temperate heathland (CLIMAITE)', Global Change Biology, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 1216-1230. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02634.x

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title = "Soil respiration is stimulated by elevated CO2 and reduced by summer drought: three years of measurements in a multifactor ecosystem manipulation experiment in a temperate heathland (CLIMAITE)",

abstract = "This study investigated the impact of predicted future climatic and atmospheric conditions on soil respiration (R S) in a Danish Calluna-Deschampsia-heathland. A fully factorial in situ experiment with treatments of elevated atmospheric CO 2 (+130 ppm), raised soil temperature (+0.4 °C) and extended summer drought (5-8% precipitation exclusion) was established in 2005. The average R S, observed in the control over 3 years of measurements (1.7 μmol CO 2 m -2 sec -1), increased 38% under elevated CO 2, irrespective of combination with the drought or temperature treatments. In contrast, extended summer drought decreased R S by 14%, while elevated soil temperature did not affect R S overall. A significant interaction between elevated temperature and drought resulted in further reduction of R S when these treatments were combined. A detailed analysis of short-term R S dynamics associated with drought periods showed that R S was reduced by ~50% and was strongly correlated with soil moisture during these events. Recovery of R S to pre-drought levels occurred within 2 weeks of rewetting; however, unexpected drought effects were observed several months after summer drought treatment in 2 of the 3 years, possibly due to reduced plant growth or changes in soil water holding capacity. An empirical model that predicts R S from soil temperature, soil moisture and plant biomass was developed and accounted for 55% of the observed variability in R S. The model predicted annual sums of R S in 2006 and 2007, in the control, were 672 and 719 g C m -2 y -1, respectively. For the full treatment combination, i.e. the future climate scenario, the model predicted that soil respiratory C losses would increase by ~21% (140-150 g C m -2 y -1). Therefore, in the future climate, stimulation of C storage in plant biomass and litter must be in excess of 21% for this ecosystem to not suffer a reduction in net ecosystem exchange.",

author = "Selsted, {Merete Bang} and {van der Linden}, Leon and Andreas Ibrom and Anders Michelsen and Larsen, {Klaus Steenberg} and Jane Pedersen and Mikkelsen, {Teis N{\o}rgaard} and Kim Pilegaard and Claus Beier and Ambus, {Per Lennart}",

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T2 - three years of measurements in a multifactor ecosystem manipulation experiment in a temperate heathland (CLIMAITE)

AU - Selsted, Merete Bang

AU - van der Linden, Leon

AU - Ibrom, Andreas

AU - Michelsen, Anders

AU - Larsen, Klaus Steenberg

AU - Pedersen, Jane

AU - Mikkelsen, Teis Nørgaard

AU - Pilegaard, Kim

AU - Beier, Claus

AU - Ambus, Per Lennart

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N2 - This study investigated the impact of predicted future climatic and atmospheric conditions on soil respiration (R S) in a Danish Calluna-Deschampsia-heathland. A fully factorial in situ experiment with treatments of elevated atmospheric CO 2 (+130 ppm), raised soil temperature (+0.4 °C) and extended summer drought (5-8% precipitation exclusion) was established in 2005. The average R S, observed in the control over 3 years of measurements (1.7 μmol CO 2 m -2 sec -1), increased 38% under elevated CO 2, irrespective of combination with the drought or temperature treatments. In contrast, extended summer drought decreased R S by 14%, while elevated soil temperature did not affect R S overall. A significant interaction between elevated temperature and drought resulted in further reduction of R S when these treatments were combined. A detailed analysis of short-term R S dynamics associated with drought periods showed that R S was reduced by ~50% and was strongly correlated with soil moisture during these events. Recovery of R S to pre-drought levels occurred within 2 weeks of rewetting; however, unexpected drought effects were observed several months after summer drought treatment in 2 of the 3 years, possibly due to reduced plant growth or changes in soil water holding capacity. An empirical model that predicts R S from soil temperature, soil moisture and plant biomass was developed and accounted for 55% of the observed variability in R S. The model predicted annual sums of R S in 2006 and 2007, in the control, were 672 and 719 g C m -2 y -1, respectively. For the full treatment combination, i.e. the future climate scenario, the model predicted that soil respiratory C losses would increase by ~21% (140-150 g C m -2 y -1). Therefore, in the future climate, stimulation of C storage in plant biomass and litter must be in excess of 21% for this ecosystem to not suffer a reduction in net ecosystem exchange.

AB - This study investigated the impact of predicted future climatic and atmospheric conditions on soil respiration (R S) in a Danish Calluna-Deschampsia-heathland. A fully factorial in situ experiment with treatments of elevated atmospheric CO 2 (+130 ppm), raised soil temperature (+0.4 °C) and extended summer drought (5-8% precipitation exclusion) was established in 2005. The average R S, observed in the control over 3 years of measurements (1.7 μmol CO 2 m -2 sec -1), increased 38% under elevated CO 2, irrespective of combination with the drought or temperature treatments. In contrast, extended summer drought decreased R S by 14%, while elevated soil temperature did not affect R S overall. A significant interaction between elevated temperature and drought resulted in further reduction of R S when these treatments were combined. A detailed analysis of short-term R S dynamics associated with drought periods showed that R S was reduced by ~50% and was strongly correlated with soil moisture during these events. Recovery of R S to pre-drought levels occurred within 2 weeks of rewetting; however, unexpected drought effects were observed several months after summer drought treatment in 2 of the 3 years, possibly due to reduced plant growth or changes in soil water holding capacity. An empirical model that predicts R S from soil temperature, soil moisture and plant biomass was developed and accounted for 55% of the observed variability in R S. The model predicted annual sums of R S in 2006 and 2007, in the control, were 672 and 719 g C m -2 y -1, respectively. For the full treatment combination, i.e. the future climate scenario, the model predicted that soil respiratory C losses would increase by ~21% (140-150 g C m -2 y -1). Therefore, in the future climate, stimulation of C storage in plant biomass and litter must be in excess of 21% for this ecosystem to not suffer a reduction in net ecosystem exchange.

U2 - 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02634.x

DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2011.02634.x

M3 - Journal article

SN - 1354-1013

VL - 18

SP - 1216

EP - 1230

JO - Global Change Biology

JF - Global Change Biology

IS - 4

ER -

Soil respiration is stimulated by elevated CO2 and reduced by summer drought: three years of measurements in a multifactor ecosystem manipulation experiment in a temperate heathland (CLIMAITE)

Abstract

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