Smoking and Increased White and Red Blood Cells

Kasper Mønsted Pedersen; Yunus Çolak; Christina Ellervik; Hans Carl Hasselbalch; Stig Egil Bojesen; Børge Grønne Nordestgaard

doi:10.1161/atvbaha.118.312338

Smoking and Increased White and Red Blood Cells

Kasper Mønsted Pedersen, Yunus Çolak, Christina Ellervik, Hans Carl Hasselbalch, Stig Egil Bojesen, Børge Grønne Nordestgaard

Department of Clinical Medicine

27 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Objective- Whether tobacco smoking causally affects white and red blood cells and thrombocyte counts is unknown. Using a Mendelian randomization approach, we tested the hypothesis that smoking causes increases in these blood cell indices. Approach and Results- We included 104 607 white Danes aged 20 to 100 years from the Copenhagen General Population Study with information on blood cell indices, smoking habits, and CHRNA3 (alpha 3 nicotinic cholinergic receptor) rs1051730 genotype, where the T allele causes higher tobacco consumption; 41 759 were former smokers and 17 852 current smokers. In multivariable adjusted observational analyses and compared with never smokers, white blood cells were associated with up to 19% increases, thrombocytes with up to 4.7% increases, and red blood cell indices with up to 2.3% increases in former and current smokers. All associations were dose dependent, with tobacco consumption but for white blood cells and thrombocytes also dependent on smoking cessation time in former smokers; highest increases were for <1-year smoking cessation and lowest increases for >10-year smoking cessation. In age- and sex-adjusted genetic analyses, percent differences per T allele increase in current smokers were 1.15% (95% CI, 0.61%-1.68%) for leukocytes, 1.07% (0.38%-1.76%) for neutrophils, 1.34% (0.66%-2.02%) for lymphocytes, 1.50% (0.83%-2.18%) for monocytes, -0.60% (-1.91% to 0.74%) for eosinophils, 0.17% (-0.94% to 1.29%) for basophils, 0.38% (-0.17% to 0.93%) for thrombocytes, 0.04% (-0.14% to 0.23%) for erythrocytes, 0.34% (0.17% to 0.50%) for hematocrit, 0.26% (0.09% to 0.43%) for hemoglobin, and 0.29% (0.18% to 0.41%) for mean corpuscular volume. Conclusions- Smoking causes increased blood leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes, as well as increased hematocrit, hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular volume. The observational smoking relationships were long term for white blood cells and short term for red blood cell indices.

Original language	English
Journal	Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
Volume	39
Issue number	5
Pages (from-to)	965-977
Number of pages	13
ISSN	1079-5642
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1161/atvbaha.118.312338
Publication status	Published - 2019

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@article{f158cc549f854294a24acc27500e9584,

title = "Smoking and Increased White and Red Blood Cells",

abstract = "Objective- Whether tobacco smoking causally affects white and red blood cells and thrombocyte counts is unknown. Using a Mendelian randomization approach, we tested the hypothesis that smoking causes increases in these blood cell indices. Approach and Results- We included 104 607 white Danes aged 20 to 100 years from the Copenhagen General Population Study with information on blood cell indices, smoking habits, and CHRNA3 (alpha 3 nicotinic cholinergic receptor) rs1051730 genotype, where the T allele causes higher tobacco consumption; 41 759 were former smokers and 17 852 current smokers. In multivariable adjusted observational analyses and compared with never smokers, white blood cells were associated with up to 19% increases, thrombocytes with up to 4.7% increases, and red blood cell indices with up to 2.3% increases in former and current smokers. All associations were dose dependent, with tobacco consumption but for white blood cells and thrombocytes also dependent on smoking cessation time in former smokers; highest increases were for <1-year smoking cessation and lowest increases for >10-year smoking cessation. In age- and sex-adjusted genetic analyses, percent differences per T allele increase in current smokers were 1.15% (95% CI, 0.61%-1.68%) for leukocytes, 1.07% (0.38%-1.76%) for neutrophils, 1.34% (0.66%-2.02%) for lymphocytes, 1.50% (0.83%-2.18%) for monocytes, -0.60% (-1.91% to 0.74%) for eosinophils, 0.17% (-0.94% to 1.29%) for basophils, 0.38% (-0.17% to 0.93%) for thrombocytes, 0.04% (-0.14% to 0.23%) for erythrocytes, 0.34% (0.17% to 0.50%) for hematocrit, 0.26% (0.09% to 0.43%) for hemoglobin, and 0.29% (0.18% to 0.41%) for mean corpuscular volume. Conclusions- Smoking causes increased blood leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes, as well as increased hematocrit, hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular volume. The observational smoking relationships were long term for white blood cells and short term for red blood cell indices.",

author = "Pedersen, {Kasper M{\o}nsted} and Yunus {\c C}olak and Christina Ellervik and Hasselbalch, {Hans Carl} and Bojesen, {Stig Egil} and Nordestgaard, {B{\o}rge Gr{\o}nne}",

year = "2019",

doi = "10.1161/atvbaha.118.312338",

language = "English",

volume = "39",

pages = "965--977",

journal = "Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology",

issn = "1079-5642",

publisher = "Lippincott Williams & Wilkins",

number = "5",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Smoking and Increased White and Red Blood Cells

AU - Pedersen, Kasper Mønsted

AU - Çolak, Yunus

AU - Ellervik, Christina

AU - Hasselbalch, Hans Carl

AU - Bojesen, Stig Egil

AU - Nordestgaard, Børge Grønne

PY - 2019

Y1 - 2019

N2 - Objective- Whether tobacco smoking causally affects white and red blood cells and thrombocyte counts is unknown. Using a Mendelian randomization approach, we tested the hypothesis that smoking causes increases in these blood cell indices. Approach and Results- We included 104 607 white Danes aged 20 to 100 years from the Copenhagen General Population Study with information on blood cell indices, smoking habits, and CHRNA3 (alpha 3 nicotinic cholinergic receptor) rs1051730 genotype, where the T allele causes higher tobacco consumption; 41 759 were former smokers and 17 852 current smokers. In multivariable adjusted observational analyses and compared with never smokers, white blood cells were associated with up to 19% increases, thrombocytes with up to 4.7% increases, and red blood cell indices with up to 2.3% increases in former and current smokers. All associations were dose dependent, with tobacco consumption but for white blood cells and thrombocytes also dependent on smoking cessation time in former smokers; highest increases were for <1-year smoking cessation and lowest increases for >10-year smoking cessation. In age- and sex-adjusted genetic analyses, percent differences per T allele increase in current smokers were 1.15% (95% CI, 0.61%-1.68%) for leukocytes, 1.07% (0.38%-1.76%) for neutrophils, 1.34% (0.66%-2.02%) for lymphocytes, 1.50% (0.83%-2.18%) for monocytes, -0.60% (-1.91% to 0.74%) for eosinophils, 0.17% (-0.94% to 1.29%) for basophils, 0.38% (-0.17% to 0.93%) for thrombocytes, 0.04% (-0.14% to 0.23%) for erythrocytes, 0.34% (0.17% to 0.50%) for hematocrit, 0.26% (0.09% to 0.43%) for hemoglobin, and 0.29% (0.18% to 0.41%) for mean corpuscular volume. Conclusions- Smoking causes increased blood leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes, as well as increased hematocrit, hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular volume. The observational smoking relationships were long term for white blood cells and short term for red blood cell indices.

AB - Objective- Whether tobacco smoking causally affects white and red blood cells and thrombocyte counts is unknown. Using a Mendelian randomization approach, we tested the hypothesis that smoking causes increases in these blood cell indices. Approach and Results- We included 104 607 white Danes aged 20 to 100 years from the Copenhagen General Population Study with information on blood cell indices, smoking habits, and CHRNA3 (alpha 3 nicotinic cholinergic receptor) rs1051730 genotype, where the T allele causes higher tobacco consumption; 41 759 were former smokers and 17 852 current smokers. In multivariable adjusted observational analyses and compared with never smokers, white blood cells were associated with up to 19% increases, thrombocytes with up to 4.7% increases, and red blood cell indices with up to 2.3% increases in former and current smokers. All associations were dose dependent, with tobacco consumption but for white blood cells and thrombocytes also dependent on smoking cessation time in former smokers; highest increases were for <1-year smoking cessation and lowest increases for >10-year smoking cessation. In age- and sex-adjusted genetic analyses, percent differences per T allele increase in current smokers were 1.15% (95% CI, 0.61%-1.68%) for leukocytes, 1.07% (0.38%-1.76%) for neutrophils, 1.34% (0.66%-2.02%) for lymphocytes, 1.50% (0.83%-2.18%) for monocytes, -0.60% (-1.91% to 0.74%) for eosinophils, 0.17% (-0.94% to 1.29%) for basophils, 0.38% (-0.17% to 0.93%) for thrombocytes, 0.04% (-0.14% to 0.23%) for erythrocytes, 0.34% (0.17% to 0.50%) for hematocrit, 0.26% (0.09% to 0.43%) for hemoglobin, and 0.29% (0.18% to 0.41%) for mean corpuscular volume. Conclusions- Smoking causes increased blood leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes, as well as increased hematocrit, hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular volume. The observational smoking relationships were long term for white blood cells and short term for red blood cell indices.

U2 - 10.1161/atvbaha.118.312338

DO - 10.1161/atvbaha.118.312338

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 30866659

SN - 1079-5642

VL - 39

SP - 965

EP - 977

JO - Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology

JF - Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology

IS - 5

ER -

Smoking and Increased White and Red Blood Cells

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