Sleep duration modifies effects of free ad libitum school meals on adiposity and blood pressure

Mads Fiil Hjorth; Anders Mikael Sjödin; Stine-Mathilde Dalskov; Camilla Trab Damsgaard; Kim F. Michaelsen; Anja Biltoft-Jensen; Rikke Andersen; Christian Ritz; Jean-Philippe Chaput; Arne Astrup

doi:10.1139/apnm-2015-0319

Sleep duration modifies effects of free ad libitum school meals on adiposity and blood pressure

Mads Fiil Hjorth, Anders Mikael Sjödin, Stine-Mathilde Dalskov, Camilla Trab Damsgaard, Kim F. Michaelsen, Anja Biltoft-Jensen, Rikke Andersen, Christian Ritz, Jean-Philippe Chaput, Arne Astrup

7 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Insufficient sleep can potentially affect both energy intake and energy expenditure, resulting in obesity and reduced cardiometabolic health. The objective of the study was to investigate if habitual sleep duration of 8- to 11-year-olds modifies the effect of free ad libitum school meals on cardiometabolic markers, body composition, dietary intake, and physical activity. For 2 consecutive 3-month periods, this cluster-randomized, controlled, cross-over trial provided 530 children with school meals or usual lunch brought from home. Dietary intake, activity, and sleep were measured simultaneously for 7 consecutive days using dietary records and accelerometers. Short- and long-sleeping children were defined as lower and upper tertile of sleep duration. Body composition, blood pressure, blood lipids, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA_IR) were measured/calculated. Overall, school meals compared with lunch from home had positive effects on physical activity and blood pressure in long-sleeping children and negative effects on body fat in short-sleeping children. Short-sleeping children increased fat mass compared with long-sleeping children by 0.21 (95% confidence interval 0.03–0.38) kg, android fat mass by 0.02 (0.001–0.04) kg, waist circumference by 0.73 (0.23–1.24) cm, blood pressure by 1.5 (0.4–2.6) mm Hg, fat intake by 1.1 (0.2–2.0) percentage of energy, and decreased total physical activity by 7.2 (1.6–12.7) % (all P ≤ 0.04), while HOMA_IR and blood lipids were not modified by sleep duration (all P ≥ 0.32). In conclusion, the susceptibility to increase abdominal adiposity and blood pressure when exposed to dietary changes can potentially be explained by too little sleep, which results in increased caloric intake and reduced physical activity.

Original language	English
Journal	Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism
Volume	41
Issue number	1
Pages (from-to)	33-40
Number of pages	8
ISSN	1715-5312
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2015-0319
Publication status	Published - 7 Oct 2015

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10.1139/apnm-2015-0319

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@article{92e5e06101a043059df25cebe88d1058,

title = "Sleep duration modifies effects of free ad libitum school meals on adiposity and blood pressure",

abstract = "Insufficient sleep can potentially affect both energy intake and energy expenditure, resulting in obesity and reduced cardiometabolic health. The objective of the study was to investigate if habitual sleep duration of 8- to 11-year-olds modifies the effect of free ad libitum school meals on cardiometabolic markers, body composition, dietary intake, and physical activity. For 2 consecutive 3-month periods, this cluster-randomized, controlled, cross-over trial provided 530 children with school meals or usual lunch brought from home. Dietary intake, activity, and sleep were measured simultaneously for 7 consecutive days using dietary records and accelerometers. Short- and long-sleeping children were defined as lower and upper tertile of sleep duration. Body composition, blood pressure, blood lipids, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMAIR) were measured/calculated. Overall, school meals compared with lunch from home had positive effects on physical activity and blood pressure in long-sleeping children and negative effects on body fat in short-sleeping children. Short-sleeping children increased fat mass compared with long-sleeping children by 0.21 (95% confidence interval 0.03–0.38) kg, android fat mass by 0.02 (0.001–0.04) kg, waist circumference by 0.73 (0.23–1.24) cm, blood pressure by 1.5 (0.4–2.6) mm Hg, fat intake by 1.1 (0.2–2.0) percentage of energy, and decreased total physical activity by 7.2 (1.6–12.7) % (all P ≤ 0.04), while HOMAIR and blood lipids were not modified by sleep duration (all P ≥ 0.32). In conclusion, the susceptibility to increase abdominal adiposity and blood pressure when exposed to dietary changes can potentially be explained by too little sleep, which results in increased caloric intake and reduced physical activity.",

author = "Hjorth, {Mads Fiil} and Sj{\"o}din, {Anders Mikael} and Stine-Mathilde Dalskov and Damsgaard, {Camilla Trab} and Michaelsen, {Kim F.} and Anja Biltoft-Jensen and Rikke Andersen and Christian Ritz and Jean-Philippe Chaput and Arne Astrup",

note = "CURIS 2016 NEXS 004",

year = "2015",

month = oct,

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doi = "10.1139/apnm-2015-0319",

language = "English",

volume = "41",

pages = "33--40",

journal = "Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Sleep duration modifies effects of free ad libitum school meals on adiposity and blood pressure

AU - Hjorth, Mads Fiil

AU - Sjödin, Anders Mikael

AU - Dalskov, Stine-Mathilde

AU - Damsgaard, Camilla Trab

AU - Michaelsen, Kim F.

AU - Biltoft-Jensen, Anja

AU - Andersen, Rikke

AU - Ritz, Christian

AU - Chaput, Jean-Philippe

AU - Astrup, Arne

N1 - CURIS 2016 NEXS 004

PY - 2015/10/7

Y1 - 2015/10/7

N2 - Insufficient sleep can potentially affect both energy intake and energy expenditure, resulting in obesity and reduced cardiometabolic health. The objective of the study was to investigate if habitual sleep duration of 8- to 11-year-olds modifies the effect of free ad libitum school meals on cardiometabolic markers, body composition, dietary intake, and physical activity. For 2 consecutive 3-month periods, this cluster-randomized, controlled, cross-over trial provided 530 children with school meals or usual lunch brought from home. Dietary intake, activity, and sleep were measured simultaneously for 7 consecutive days using dietary records and accelerometers. Short- and long-sleeping children were defined as lower and upper tertile of sleep duration. Body composition, blood pressure, blood lipids, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMAIR) were measured/calculated. Overall, school meals compared with lunch from home had positive effects on physical activity and blood pressure in long-sleeping children and negative effects on body fat in short-sleeping children. Short-sleeping children increased fat mass compared with long-sleeping children by 0.21 (95% confidence interval 0.03–0.38) kg, android fat mass by 0.02 (0.001–0.04) kg, waist circumference by 0.73 (0.23–1.24) cm, blood pressure by 1.5 (0.4–2.6) mm Hg, fat intake by 1.1 (0.2–2.0) percentage of energy, and decreased total physical activity by 7.2 (1.6–12.7) % (all P ≤ 0.04), while HOMAIR and blood lipids were not modified by sleep duration (all P ≥ 0.32). In conclusion, the susceptibility to increase abdominal adiposity and blood pressure when exposed to dietary changes can potentially be explained by too little sleep, which results in increased caloric intake and reduced physical activity.

AB - Insufficient sleep can potentially affect both energy intake and energy expenditure, resulting in obesity and reduced cardiometabolic health. The objective of the study was to investigate if habitual sleep duration of 8- to 11-year-olds modifies the effect of free ad libitum school meals on cardiometabolic markers, body composition, dietary intake, and physical activity. For 2 consecutive 3-month periods, this cluster-randomized, controlled, cross-over trial provided 530 children with school meals or usual lunch brought from home. Dietary intake, activity, and sleep were measured simultaneously for 7 consecutive days using dietary records and accelerometers. Short- and long-sleeping children were defined as lower and upper tertile of sleep duration. Body composition, blood pressure, blood lipids, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMAIR) were measured/calculated. Overall, school meals compared with lunch from home had positive effects on physical activity and blood pressure in long-sleeping children and negative effects on body fat in short-sleeping children. Short-sleeping children increased fat mass compared with long-sleeping children by 0.21 (95% confidence interval 0.03–0.38) kg, android fat mass by 0.02 (0.001–0.04) kg, waist circumference by 0.73 (0.23–1.24) cm, blood pressure by 1.5 (0.4–2.6) mm Hg, fat intake by 1.1 (0.2–2.0) percentage of energy, and decreased total physical activity by 7.2 (1.6–12.7) % (all P ≤ 0.04), while HOMAIR and blood lipids were not modified by sleep duration (all P ≥ 0.32). In conclusion, the susceptibility to increase abdominal adiposity and blood pressure when exposed to dietary changes can potentially be explained by too little sleep, which results in increased caloric intake and reduced physical activity.

U2 - 10.1139/apnm-2015-0319

DO - 10.1139/apnm-2015-0319

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 26647154

SN - 1715-5312

VL - 41

SP - 33

EP - 40

JO - Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism

JF - Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism

IS - 1

ER -

Sleep duration modifies effects of free ad libitum school meals on adiposity and blood pressure

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