Single crystal X-ray structure of the artists’ pigment zinc yellow

Kim Pilkjær Simonsen; Marie Bitsch Christiansen; Morten Gotthold Vinum; Jana Sanyova; Jesper Bendix

doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.03.108

Single crystal X-ray structure of the artists’ pigment zinc yellow

Kim Pilkjær Simonsen^*, Marie Bitsch Christiansen, Morten Gotthold Vinum, Jana Sanyova, Jesper Bendix

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Chemistry

4 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The artists’ pigment zinc yellow is in general described as a complex potassium zinc chromate with the empirical formula 4ZnCrO₄·K₂O·3H₂O. Even though the pigment has been in use since the second half of the 19th century also in large-scale industrial applications, the exact structure had hitherto been unknown. In this work, zinc yellow was synthesised by precipitation from an aqueous solution of zinc nitrate and potassium chromate under both neutral and basic conditions, and the products were compared with the pigment used in industrial paints. Analyses by Raman microscopy (MRS), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), showed that the synthesised products and the industrial pigment were identical. Single-crystal X-ray crystallography determined the structure of zinc yellow as KZn₂(CrO₄)₂(H₂O)(OH) or as KZn₂(CrO₄)₂(H₃O₂) emphasizing the μ-H₃O₂ ⁻ moiety. Notably, the zinc yellow is isostructural to the recently structurally characterized cadmium analog and both belong to the natrochalcite structure type.

Original language	English
Journal	Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM
Volume	1141
Pages (from-to)	322-327
Number of pages	6
ISSN	0166-1280
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.03.108
Publication status	Published - 2017

Keywords

Artists’ pigment
FTIR
HO
PXRD
X-ray structure
Zinc yellow

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@article{c8da52ca16b843d694d74319f9c53242,

title = "Single crystal X-ray structure of the artists{\textquoteright} pigment zinc yellow",

abstract = "The artists{\textquoteright} pigment zinc yellow is in general described as a complex potassium zinc chromate with the empirical formula 4ZnCrO4·K2O·3H2O. Even though the pigment has been in use since the second half of the 19th century also in large-scale industrial applications, the exact structure had hitherto been unknown. In this work, zinc yellow was synthesised by precipitation from an aqueous solution of zinc nitrate and potassium chromate under both neutral and basic conditions, and the products were compared with the pigment used in industrial paints. Analyses by Raman microscopy (MRS), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), showed that the synthesised products and the industrial pigment were identical. Single-crystal X-ray crystallography determined the structure of zinc yellow as KZn2(CrO4)2(H2O)(OH) or as KZn2(CrO4)2(H3O2) emphasizing the μ-H3O2 − moiety. Notably, the zinc yellow is isostructural to the recently structurally characterized cadmium analog and both belong to the natrochalcite structure type.",

keywords = "Artists{\textquoteright} pigment, FTIR, HO, PXRD, X-ray structure, Zinc yellow",

author = "Simonsen, {Kim Pilkj{\ae}r} and Christiansen, {Marie Bitsch} and Vinum, {Morten Gotthold} and Jana Sanyova and Jesper Bendix",

year = "2017",

doi = "10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.03.108",

language = "English",

volume = "1141",

pages = "322--327",

journal = "Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM",

issn = "0166-1280",

publisher = "Elsevier",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Single crystal X-ray structure of the artists’ pigment zinc yellow

AU - Simonsen, Kim Pilkjær

AU - Christiansen, Marie Bitsch

AU - Vinum, Morten Gotthold

AU - Sanyova, Jana

AU - Bendix, Jesper

PY - 2017

Y1 - 2017

N2 - The artists’ pigment zinc yellow is in general described as a complex potassium zinc chromate with the empirical formula 4ZnCrO4·K2O·3H2O. Even though the pigment has been in use since the second half of the 19th century also in large-scale industrial applications, the exact structure had hitherto been unknown. In this work, zinc yellow was synthesised by precipitation from an aqueous solution of zinc nitrate and potassium chromate under both neutral and basic conditions, and the products were compared with the pigment used in industrial paints. Analyses by Raman microscopy (MRS), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), showed that the synthesised products and the industrial pigment were identical. Single-crystal X-ray crystallography determined the structure of zinc yellow as KZn2(CrO4)2(H2O)(OH) or as KZn2(CrO4)2(H3O2) emphasizing the μ-H3O2 − moiety. Notably, the zinc yellow is isostructural to the recently structurally characterized cadmium analog and both belong to the natrochalcite structure type.

AB - The artists’ pigment zinc yellow is in general described as a complex potassium zinc chromate with the empirical formula 4ZnCrO4·K2O·3H2O. Even though the pigment has been in use since the second half of the 19th century also in large-scale industrial applications, the exact structure had hitherto been unknown. In this work, zinc yellow was synthesised by precipitation from an aqueous solution of zinc nitrate and potassium chromate under both neutral and basic conditions, and the products were compared with the pigment used in industrial paints. Analyses by Raman microscopy (MRS), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), showed that the synthesised products and the industrial pigment were identical. Single-crystal X-ray crystallography determined the structure of zinc yellow as KZn2(CrO4)2(H2O)(OH) or as KZn2(CrO4)2(H3O2) emphasizing the μ-H3O2 − moiety. Notably, the zinc yellow is isostructural to the recently structurally characterized cadmium analog and both belong to the natrochalcite structure type.

KW - Artists’ pigment

KW - FTIR

KW - HO

KW - PXRD

KW - X-ray structure

KW - Zinc yellow

U2 - 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.03.108

DO - 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.03.108

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:85016749489

SN - 0166-1280

VL - 1141

SP - 322

EP - 327

JO - Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM

JF - Journal of Molecular Structure: THEOCHEM

ER -

Single crystal X-ray structure of the artists’ pigment zinc yellow

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Keywords

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