Ripples and the formation of anisotropic lipid domains: Imaging two-component supported double bilayers by atomic force microscopy

Chad Leidy; Thomas Kaasgaard; John H. Crowe; Ole G. Mouritsen; Kent Jørgensen

doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(02)75273-9

Ripples and the formation of anisotropic lipid domains: Imaging two-component supported double bilayers by atomic force microscopy

Chad Leidy^*, Thomas Kaasgaard, John H. Crowe, Ole G. Mouritsen, Kent Jørgensen

^*Corresponding author for this work

92 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Direct visualization of the fluid-phase/ordered-phase domain structure in mica-supported bilayers composed of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero- 3-phosphocholine/1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine mixtures is performed with atomic force microscopy. The system studied is a double bilayer supported on a mica surface in which the top bilayer (which is not in direct contact with the mica) is visualized as a function of temperature. Because the top bilayer is not as restricted by the interactions with the surface as single supported bilayers, its behavior is more similar to a free-standing bilayer. Intriguing straight-edged anisotropic fluid-phase domains were observed in the fluid-phase/ordered-phase coexistence temperature range, which resemble the fluid-phase/ordered-phase domain patterns observed in giant unilamellar vesicles composed of such phospholipid mixtures. With the high resolution provided by atomic force microscopy, we investigated the origin of these anisotropic lipid domain patterns, and found that ripple phase formation is directly responsible for the anisotropic nature of these domains. The nucleation and growth of fluid-phase domains are found to be directed by the presence of ripples. In particular, the fluid-phase domains elongate parallel to the ripples. The results show that ripple phase formation may have implications for domain formation in biological systems.

Original language	English
Journal	Biophysical Journal
Volume	83
Issue number	5
Pages (from-to)	2625-2633
Number of pages	9
ISSN	0006-3495
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3495(02)75273-9
Publication status	Published - 1 Nov 2002

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title = "Ripples and the formation of anisotropic lipid domains: Imaging two-component supported double bilayers by atomic force microscopy",

abstract = "Direct visualization of the fluid-phase/ordered-phase domain structure in mica-supported bilayers composed of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero- 3-phosphocholine/1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine mixtures is performed with atomic force microscopy. The system studied is a double bilayer supported on a mica surface in which the top bilayer (which is not in direct contact with the mica) is visualized as a function of temperature. Because the top bilayer is not as restricted by the interactions with the surface as single supported bilayers, its behavior is more similar to a free-standing bilayer. Intriguing straight-edged anisotropic fluid-phase domains were observed in the fluid-phase/ordered-phase coexistence temperature range, which resemble the fluid-phase/ordered-phase domain patterns observed in giant unilamellar vesicles composed of such phospholipid mixtures. With the high resolution provided by atomic force microscopy, we investigated the origin of these anisotropic lipid domain patterns, and found that ripple phase formation is directly responsible for the anisotropic nature of these domains. The nucleation and growth of fluid-phase domains are found to be directed by the presence of ripples. In particular, the fluid-phase domains elongate parallel to the ripples. The results show that ripple phase formation may have implications for domain formation in biological systems.",

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T2 - Imaging two-component supported double bilayers by atomic force microscopy

AU - Leidy, Chad

AU - Kaasgaard, Thomas

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AU - Mouritsen, Ole G.

AU - Jørgensen, Kent

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N2 - Direct visualization of the fluid-phase/ordered-phase domain structure in mica-supported bilayers composed of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero- 3-phosphocholine/1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine mixtures is performed with atomic force microscopy. The system studied is a double bilayer supported on a mica surface in which the top bilayer (which is not in direct contact with the mica) is visualized as a function of temperature. Because the top bilayer is not as restricted by the interactions with the surface as single supported bilayers, its behavior is more similar to a free-standing bilayer. Intriguing straight-edged anisotropic fluid-phase domains were observed in the fluid-phase/ordered-phase coexistence temperature range, which resemble the fluid-phase/ordered-phase domain patterns observed in giant unilamellar vesicles composed of such phospholipid mixtures. With the high resolution provided by atomic force microscopy, we investigated the origin of these anisotropic lipid domain patterns, and found that ripple phase formation is directly responsible for the anisotropic nature of these domains. The nucleation and growth of fluid-phase domains are found to be directed by the presence of ripples. In particular, the fluid-phase domains elongate parallel to the ripples. The results show that ripple phase formation may have implications for domain formation in biological systems.

AB - Direct visualization of the fluid-phase/ordered-phase domain structure in mica-supported bilayers composed of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero- 3-phosphocholine/1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine mixtures is performed with atomic force microscopy. The system studied is a double bilayer supported on a mica surface in which the top bilayer (which is not in direct contact with the mica) is visualized as a function of temperature. Because the top bilayer is not as restricted by the interactions with the surface as single supported bilayers, its behavior is more similar to a free-standing bilayer. Intriguing straight-edged anisotropic fluid-phase domains were observed in the fluid-phase/ordered-phase coexistence temperature range, which resemble the fluid-phase/ordered-phase domain patterns observed in giant unilamellar vesicles composed of such phospholipid mixtures. With the high resolution provided by atomic force microscopy, we investigated the origin of these anisotropic lipid domain patterns, and found that ripple phase formation is directly responsible for the anisotropic nature of these domains. The nucleation and growth of fluid-phase domains are found to be directed by the presence of ripples. In particular, the fluid-phase domains elongate parallel to the ripples. The results show that ripple phase formation may have implications for domain formation in biological systems.

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Ripples and the formation of anisotropic lipid domains: Imaging two-component supported double bilayers by atomic force microscopy

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