Relationship between race and outcome in Asian, Black, and Caucasian patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: Data from the Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive and Efficacy of Nitric Oxide in Stroke trial

TY - JOUR

T1 - Relationship between race and outcome in Asian, Black, and Caucasian patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage

T2 - Data from the Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive and Efficacy of Nitric Oxide in Stroke trial

AU - Krishnan, Kailash

AU - Beishon, Lucy

AU - Berge, Eivind

AU - Christensen, Hanne

AU - Dineen, Robert A

AU - Ozturk, Serefnur

AU - Sprigg, Nikola

AU - Wardlaw, Joanna M

AU - Bath, Philip M

AU - VISTA-ICH collaboration and ENOS Investigators

PY - 2018/6/1

Y1 - 2018/6/1

N2 - Background and purpose Although poor prognosis after intracerebral hemorrhage relates to risk factors and hematoma characteristics, there is limited evidence for the effect of race-ethnicity. Methods Data from 1011 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage enrolled into hyperacute trials and randomized to control were obtained from the Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive and Efficacy of Nitric Oxide in Stroke Trial. Clinical characteristics and functional outcome were compared among three racial groups - Asians, Blacks, and Caucasians. Results The majority of patients were Caucasian (78.1%) followed by Asians (14.5%) and Blacks (5.5%). At baseline, Caucasians were older and had larger hematoma volumes; Blacks had lower Glasgow Coma Scale and higher systolic blood pressure (all p < 0.05). Although the primary outcome of modified Rankin Scale did not differ at 90 days (p = 0.14), there were significant differences in mortality (p < 0.0001) and quality of life (EQ-5D p < 0.0001; EQ-VAS p 0.015). In test of multiple comparisons, Caucasians were more likely to die (p = 0.0003) and had worse quality of life (EQ-5D p = 0.003; EQ-VAS p < 0.0001) as compared to Asians. Conclusion Race-ethnicity appears to explain some of the variation in clinical characteristics and outcomes after acute intracerebral hemorrhage. Factors that explain this variation need to be identified.

AB - Background and purpose Although poor prognosis after intracerebral hemorrhage relates to risk factors and hematoma characteristics, there is limited evidence for the effect of race-ethnicity. Methods Data from 1011 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage enrolled into hyperacute trials and randomized to control were obtained from the Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive and Efficacy of Nitric Oxide in Stroke Trial. Clinical characteristics and functional outcome were compared among three racial groups - Asians, Blacks, and Caucasians. Results The majority of patients were Caucasian (78.1%) followed by Asians (14.5%) and Blacks (5.5%). At baseline, Caucasians were older and had larger hematoma volumes; Blacks had lower Glasgow Coma Scale and higher systolic blood pressure (all p < 0.05). Although the primary outcome of modified Rankin Scale did not differ at 90 days (p = 0.14), there were significant differences in mortality (p < 0.0001) and quality of life (EQ-5D p < 0.0001; EQ-VAS p 0.015). In test of multiple comparisons, Caucasians were more likely to die (p = 0.0003) and had worse quality of life (EQ-5D p = 0.003; EQ-VAS p < 0.0001) as compared to Asians. Conclusion Race-ethnicity appears to explain some of the variation in clinical characteristics and outcomes after acute intracerebral hemorrhage. Factors that explain this variation need to be identified.

KW - African Continental Ancestry Group/ethnology

KW - Aged

KW - Analysis of Variance

KW - Asian Continental Ancestry Group/ethnology

KW - Cerebral Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging

KW - European Continental Ancestry Group/ethnology

KW - Female

KW - Humans

KW - Male

KW - Neuroimaging/methods

KW - Nitric Oxide/therapeutic use

KW - Quality of Life

KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

KW - Stroke/diagnostic imaging

KW - Tomography, X-Ray Computed

KW - Treatment Outcome

U2 - 10.1177/1747493017744463

DO - 10.1177/1747493017744463

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 29165060

SN - 1747-4930

VL - 13

SP - 362

EP - 373

JO - International Journal of Stroke

JF - International Journal of Stroke

IS - 4

ER -