Regulation of adipocyte differentiation and function by polyunsaturated fatty acids

TY - JOUR

T1 - Regulation of adipocyte differentiation and function by polyunsaturated fatty acids

AU - Madsen, Lise

AU - Petersen, Rasmus Koefoed

AU - Kristiansen, Karsten

PY - 2005/5/30

Y1 - 2005/5/30

N2 - A diet enriched in PUFAs, in particular of the n-3 family, decreases adipose tissue mass and suppresses development of obesity in rodents. Although several nuclear hormone receptors are identified as PUFA targets, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of PUFAs still remain to be elucidated. Here we review research aimed at elucidating molecular mechanisms governing the effects of PUFAs on the differentiation and function of white fat cells. This review focuses on dietary PUFAs as signaling molecules, with special emphasis on agonistic and antagonistic effects on transcription factors currently implicated as key players in adipocyte differentiation and function, including peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) (alpha, beta and gamma), sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) and liver X receptors (LXRs). We review evidence that dietary n-3 PUFAs decrease adipose tissue mass and suppress the development of obesity in rodents by targeting a set of key regulatory transcription factors involved in both adipogensis and lipid homeostasis in mature adipocytes. The same set of factors are targeted by PUFAs of the n-6 family, but the cellular/physiological responses are dependent on the experimental setting as n-6 PUFAs may exert either an anti- or a proadipogenic effect. Feeding status and hormonal background may therefore be of particular importance in determining the physiological effects of PUFAs of the n-6 family.

AB - A diet enriched in PUFAs, in particular of the n-3 family, decreases adipose tissue mass and suppresses development of obesity in rodents. Although several nuclear hormone receptors are identified as PUFA targets, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of PUFAs still remain to be elucidated. Here we review research aimed at elucidating molecular mechanisms governing the effects of PUFAs on the differentiation and function of white fat cells. This review focuses on dietary PUFAs as signaling molecules, with special emphasis on agonistic and antagonistic effects on transcription factors currently implicated as key players in adipocyte differentiation and function, including peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) (alpha, beta and gamma), sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) and liver X receptors (LXRs). We review evidence that dietary n-3 PUFAs decrease adipose tissue mass and suppress the development of obesity in rodents by targeting a set of key regulatory transcription factors involved in both adipogensis and lipid homeostasis in mature adipocytes. The same set of factors are targeted by PUFAs of the n-6 family, but the cellular/physiological responses are dependent on the experimental setting as n-6 PUFAs may exert either an anti- or a proadipogenic effect. Feeding status and hormonal background may therefore be of particular importance in determining the physiological effects of PUFAs of the n-6 family.

KW - 3T3-L1 Cells

KW - Adipocytes

KW - Animals

KW - CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins

KW - Cell Differentiation

KW - DNA-Binding Proteins

KW - Dexamethasone

KW - Fatty Acids, Unsaturated

KW - Humans

KW - Insulin

KW - Mice

KW - Orphan Nuclear Receptors

KW - PPAR alpha

KW - PPAR delta

KW - Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear

KW - Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1

KW - Transcription Factors

U2 - 10.1016/j.bbadis.2005.03.001

DO - 10.1016/j.bbadis.2005.03.001

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 15949694

SN - 0304-4165

VL - 1740

SP - 266

EP - 286

JO - B B A - General Subjects

JF - B B A - General Subjects

IS - 2

ER -