Pulmonary effects of nanofibrillated celluloses in mice suggest that carboxylation lowers the inflammatory and acute phase responses

Niels Hadrup, Kristina Bram Knudsen, Trine Berthing, Henrik Wolff, Stefan Bengtson, Christian Kofoed, Roall Espersen, Casper Højgaard, Jakob Rahr Winther, Martin Willemoës, Irene Wedin, Markus Nuopponen, Harri Alenius, Hannu Norppa, Håkan Wallin, Ulla Vogel*

*Corresponding author for this work
17 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We studied if the pulmonary and systemic toxicity of nanofibrillated celluloses can be reduced by carboxylation. Nanofibrillated celluloses administered at 6 or 18 μg to mice by intratracheal instillation were: 1) FINE NFC, 2–20 μm in length, 2–15 nm in width, 2) AS (−COOH), carboxylated, 0.5–10 μm in length, 4–10 nm in width, containing the biocide BIM MC4901 and 3) BIOCID FINE NFC: as (1) but containing BIM MC4901. FINE NFC administration increased neutrophil influx in BAL and induced SAA3 in plasma. AS (−COOH) produced lower neutrophil influx and systemic SAA3 levels than FINE NFC. Results obtained with BIOCID FINE NFC suggested that BIM MC4901 biocide did not explain the lowered response. Increased DNA damage levels were observed across materials, doses and time points. In conclusion, carboxylation of nanofibrillated cellulose was associated with reduced pulmonary and systemic toxicity, suggesting involvement of OH groups in the inflammatory and acute phase responses.

Original languageEnglish
JournalEnvironmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
Volume66
Pages (from-to)116-125
Number of pages10
ISSN1382-6689
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2019

Keywords

  • Genotoxicity
  • Nanocellulose
  • Nanomaterial
  • Nanoparticle
  • Neutrophils
  • Serum amyloid A

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