Preventive effect of eccentric training on acute hamstring injuries in men's soccer: a cluster-randomized controlled trial

TY - JOUR

T1 - Preventive effect of eccentric training on acute hamstring injuries in men's soccer

T2 - a cluster-randomized controlled trial

AU - Petersen, Jesper

AU - Thorborg, Kristian

AU - Nielsen, Michael Bachmann

AU - Budtz-Jørgensen, Esben

AU - Hölmich, Per

PY - 2011/11

Y1 - 2011/11

N2 - Background: The incidence of acute hamstring injuries is high in several sports, including the different forms of football.Purpose: The authors investigated the preventive effect of eccentric strengthening of the hamstring muscles using the Nordic hamstring exercise compared with no additional hamstring exercise on the rate of acute hamstring injuries in male soccer players.Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1.Methods: Fifty Danish male professional and amateur soccer teams (942 players) were allocated to an intervention group (461 players) or a control group (481 players). Players in the intervention group conducted a 10-week progressive eccentric training program followed by a weekly seasonal program, whereas players in the control group followed their usual training program. The main outcome measures were numbers of overall, new, and recurrent acute hamstring injuries during 1 full soccer season.Results: Fifty-two acute hamstring injuries in the control group compared with 15 injuries in the intervention group were registered. Comparing intervention versus the control group, overall acute hamstring injury rates per 100 player seasons were 3.8 versus 13.1 (adjusted rate ratio [RR], 0.293; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.150-0.572; P <.001). New injury rates per 100 player seasons were 3.1 versus 8.1 (RR, 0.410; 95% CI, 0.180-0.933; P =.034), whereas recurrent injury rates per 100 player seasons were 7.1 versus 45.8 (RR, 0.137; 95% CI, 0.037-0.509; P =.003). Number needed to treat [NNT] to prevent 1 acute hamstring injury (new or recurrent) is 13 (95% CI, 9-23) players. The NNT to prevent 1 new injury is 25 (95% CI, 15-72) players, and NNT to prevent 1 recurrent injury is 3 (95% CI, 2-6) players.Conclusion: In male professional and amateur soccer players, additional eccentric hamstring exercise decreased the rate of overall, new, and recurrent acute hamstring injuries.

AB - Background: The incidence of acute hamstring injuries is high in several sports, including the different forms of football.Purpose: The authors investigated the preventive effect of eccentric strengthening of the hamstring muscles using the Nordic hamstring exercise compared with no additional hamstring exercise on the rate of acute hamstring injuries in male soccer players.Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1.Methods: Fifty Danish male professional and amateur soccer teams (942 players) were allocated to an intervention group (461 players) or a control group (481 players). Players in the intervention group conducted a 10-week progressive eccentric training program followed by a weekly seasonal program, whereas players in the control group followed their usual training program. The main outcome measures were numbers of overall, new, and recurrent acute hamstring injuries during 1 full soccer season.Results: Fifty-two acute hamstring injuries in the control group compared with 15 injuries in the intervention group were registered. Comparing intervention versus the control group, overall acute hamstring injury rates per 100 player seasons were 3.8 versus 13.1 (adjusted rate ratio [RR], 0.293; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.150-0.572; P <.001). New injury rates per 100 player seasons were 3.1 versus 8.1 (RR, 0.410; 95% CI, 0.180-0.933; P =.034), whereas recurrent injury rates per 100 player seasons were 7.1 versus 45.8 (RR, 0.137; 95% CI, 0.037-0.509; P =.003). Number needed to treat [NNT] to prevent 1 acute hamstring injury (new or recurrent) is 13 (95% CI, 9-23) players. The NNT to prevent 1 new injury is 25 (95% CI, 15-72) players, and NNT to prevent 1 recurrent injury is 3 (95% CI, 2-6) players.Conclusion: In male professional and amateur soccer players, additional eccentric hamstring exercise decreased the rate of overall, new, and recurrent acute hamstring injuries.

KW - Adult

KW - Athletes

KW - Athletic Injuries

KW - Humans

KW - Leg Injuries

KW - Male

KW - Muscle Stretching Exercises

KW - Muscle, Skeletal

KW - Resistance Training

KW - Soccer

KW - Tendon Injuries

KW - Treatment Outcome

KW - Young Adult

U2 - 10.1177/0363546511419277

DO - 10.1177/0363546511419277

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 21825112

SN - 0363-5465

VL - 39

SP - 2296

EP - 2303

JO - American Journal of Sports Medicine

JF - American Journal of Sports Medicine

IS - 11

ER -