Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Oligomenorrhea, and Risk of Ovarian Cancer Histotypes: Evidence from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium

TY - JOUR

T1 - Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Oligomenorrhea, and Risk of Ovarian Cancer Histotypes

T2 - Evidence from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium

AU - Harris, Holly R

AU - Babic, Ana

AU - Webb, Penelope M

AU - Nagle, Christina M

AU - Jordan, Susan J

AU - Risch, Harvey A

AU - Rossing, Mary Anne

AU - Doherty, Jennifer A

AU - Goodman, Marc T

AU - Modugno, Francesmary

AU - Ness, Roberta B

AU - Moysich, Kirsten B

AU - Kjær, Susanne K

AU - Høgdall, Estrid

AU - Jensen, Allan

AU - Schildkraut, Joellen M

AU - Berchuck, Andrew

AU - Cramer, Daniel W

AU - Bandera, Elisa V

AU - Wentzensen, Nicolas

AU - Kotsopoulos, Joanne

AU - Narod, Steven A

AU - Phelan, Catherine M

AU - McLaughlin, John R

AU - Anton-Culver, Hoda

AU - Ziogas, Argyrios

AU - Pearce, Celeste L

AU - Wu, Anna H

AU - Terry, Kathryn L

AU - Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium

N1 - ©2017 American Association for Cancer Research.

PY - 2018/2/1

Y1 - 2018/2/1

N2 - Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and one of its distinguishing characteristics, oligomenorrhea, have both been associated with ovarian cancer risk in some but not all studies. However, these associations have been rarely examined by ovarian cancer histotypes, which may explain the lack of clear associations reported in previous studies.Methods: We analyzed data from 14 case-control studies including 16,594 women with invasive ovarian cancer (n = 13,719) or borderline ovarian disease (n = 2,875) and 17,718 controls. Adjusted study-specific ORs were calculated using logistic regression and combined using random-effects meta-analysis. Pooled histotype-specific ORs were calculated using polytomous logistic regression.Results: Women reporting menstrual cycle length >35 days had decreased risk of invasive ovarian cancer compared with women reporting cycle length ≤35 days [OR = 0.70; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.58-0.84]. Decreased risk of invasive ovarian cancer was also observed among women who reported irregular menstrual cycles compared with women with regular cycles (OR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.76-0.89). No significant association was observed between self-reported PCOS and invasive ovarian cancer risk (OR = 0.87; 95% CI = 0.65-1.15). There was a decreased risk of all individual invasive histotypes for women with menstrual cycle length >35 days, but no association with serous borderline tumors (Pheterogeneity = 0.006). Similarly, we observed decreased risks of most invasive histotypes among women with irregular cycles, but an increased risk of borderline serous and mucinous tumors (Pheterogeneity < 0.0001).Conclusions: Our results suggest that menstrual cycle characteristics influence ovarian cancer risk differentially based on histotype.Impact: These results highlight the importance of examining ovarian cancer risk factors associations by histologic subtype. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(2); 174-82. ©2017 AACR.

AB - Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and one of its distinguishing characteristics, oligomenorrhea, have both been associated with ovarian cancer risk in some but not all studies. However, these associations have been rarely examined by ovarian cancer histotypes, which may explain the lack of clear associations reported in previous studies.Methods: We analyzed data from 14 case-control studies including 16,594 women with invasive ovarian cancer (n = 13,719) or borderline ovarian disease (n = 2,875) and 17,718 controls. Adjusted study-specific ORs were calculated using logistic regression and combined using random-effects meta-analysis. Pooled histotype-specific ORs were calculated using polytomous logistic regression.Results: Women reporting menstrual cycle length >35 days had decreased risk of invasive ovarian cancer compared with women reporting cycle length ≤35 days [OR = 0.70; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.58-0.84]. Decreased risk of invasive ovarian cancer was also observed among women who reported irregular menstrual cycles compared with women with regular cycles (OR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.76-0.89). No significant association was observed between self-reported PCOS and invasive ovarian cancer risk (OR = 0.87; 95% CI = 0.65-1.15). There was a decreased risk of all individual invasive histotypes for women with menstrual cycle length >35 days, but no association with serous borderline tumors (Pheterogeneity = 0.006). Similarly, we observed decreased risks of most invasive histotypes among women with irregular cycles, but an increased risk of borderline serous and mucinous tumors (Pheterogeneity < 0.0001).Conclusions: Our results suggest that menstrual cycle characteristics influence ovarian cancer risk differentially based on histotype.Impact: These results highlight the importance of examining ovarian cancer risk factors associations by histologic subtype. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(2); 174-82. ©2017 AACR.

KW - Adult

KW - Case-Control Studies

KW - Female

KW - Humans

KW - Logistic Models

KW - Menstrual Cycle/physiology

KW - Middle Aged

KW - Odds Ratio

KW - Oligomenorrhea/complications

KW - Ovarian Neoplasms/etiology

KW - Polycystic Ovary Syndrome/complications

KW - Risk Factors

KW - Self Report

KW - Time Factors

U2 - 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-17-0655

DO - 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-17-0655

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 29141849

SN - 1055-9965

VL - 27

SP - 174

EP - 182

JO - Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention

JF - Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention

IS - 2

ER -