Planck intermediate results. XXXVII. Evidence of unbound gas from the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect

P.A.R Ade; N. Aghanim; M. Arnaud; M. Ashdown; E. Aubourg; J. Aumont; C. Baccigalupi; A.J. Banday; R.B. Barreiro; N. Bartolo; E. Battaner; Per Rex Christensen; Anne Mette Frejsel; Pavel Nasselski; Igor Dmitrievich Novikov; Hans Ulrik Nørgaard-Nielsen

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201526328

Planck intermediate results. XXXVII. Evidence of unbound gas from the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect

P.A.R Ade, N. Aghanim, M. Arnaud, M. Ashdown, E. Aubourg, J. Aumont, C. Baccigalupi, A.J. Banday, R.B. Barreiro, N. Bartolo, E. Battaner, Per Rex Christensen, Anne Mette Frejsel, Pavel Nasselski, Igor Dmitrievich Novikov, Hans Ulrik Nørgaard-Nielsen

Theoretical high energy, astroparticle and gravitational physics

46 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

By looking at the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect (kSZ) in Planck nominal mission data, we present a significant detection of baryons participating in large-scale bulk flows around central galaxies (CGs) at redshift z ≈ 0.1. We estimate the pairwise momentum of the kSZ temperature fluctuations at the positions of the Central Galaxy Catalogue (CGC) samples extracted from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-DR7) data. For the foreground-cleaned SEVEM, SMICA, NILC, and COMMANDER maps, we find 1.8-2.5σ detections of the kSZ signal, which are consistent with the kSZ evidence found in individual Planck raw frequency maps, although lower than found in the WMAP-9yr W-band (3.3σ). We further reconstruct the peculiar velocity field from the CG density field, and compute for the first time the cross-correlation function between kSZ temperature fluctuations and estimates of CG radial peculiar velocities. This correlation function yields a 3.0-3.7σ detection of the peculiar motion of extended gas on Mpc scales in flows correlated up to distances of 80-100 h^-1 Mpc. Both the pairwise momentum estimates and the kSZ temperature-velocity field correlation find evidence for kSZ signatures out to apertures of 8 arcmin and beyond, corresponding to a physical radius of >1 Mpc, more than twice the mean virial radius of halos. This is consistent with the predictions from hydrodynamical simulations that most of the baryons are outside the virialized halos. We fit a simple model, in which the temperature-velocity cross-correlation is proportional to the signal seen in a semi-analytic model built upon N-body simulations, and interpret the proportionality constant as an effective optical depth to Thomson scattering. We find τ_T = (1.4 ± 0.5) × 10^-4; the simplest interpretation of this measurement is that much of the gas is in a diffuse phase, which contributes little signal to X-ray or thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich observations.

Original language	English
Article number	A140
Journal	Astronomy & Astrophysics
Volume	586
ISSN	0004-6361
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526328
Publication status	Published - 1 Feb 2016

Access to Document

10.1051/0004-6361/201526328

aa26328-15Final published version, 1.08 MB

Cite this

Ade, P. A. R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aubourg, E., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Christensen, P. R., Frejsel, A. M., Nasselski, P., Novikov, I. D., & Nørgaard-Nielsen, H. U. (2016). Planck intermediate results. XXXVII. Evidence of unbound gas from the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 586, [A140]. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526328

Ade, PAR, Aghanim, N, Arnaud, M, Ashdown, M, Aubourg, E, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Banday, AJ, Barreiro, RB, Bartolo, N, Battaner, E, Christensen, PR, Frejsel, AM, Nasselski, P, Novikov, ID & Nørgaard-Nielsen, HU 2016, 'Planck intermediate results. XXXVII. Evidence of unbound gas from the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect', Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 586, A140. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526328

@article{3f2d21eb25ce41adbcb178be3af0132d,

title = "Planck intermediate results. XXXVII. Evidence of unbound gas from the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect",

abstract = "By looking at the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect (kSZ) in Planck nominal mission data, we present a significant detection of baryons participating in large-scale bulk flows around central galaxies (CGs) at redshift z ≈ 0.1. We estimate the pairwise momentum of the kSZ temperature fluctuations at the positions of the Central Galaxy Catalogue (CGC) samples extracted from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-DR7) data. For the foreground-cleaned SEVEM, SMICA, NILC, and COMMANDER maps, we find 1.8-2.5σ detections of the kSZ signal, which are consistent with the kSZ evidence found in individual Planck raw frequency maps, although lower than found in the WMAP-9yr W-band (3.3σ). We further reconstruct the peculiar velocity field from the CG density field, and compute for the first time the cross-correlation function between kSZ temperature fluctuations and estimates of CG radial peculiar velocities. This correlation function yields a 3.0-3.7σ detection of the peculiar motion of extended gas on Mpc scales in flows correlated up to distances of 80-100 h-1 Mpc. Both the pairwise momentum estimates and the kSZ temperature-velocity field correlation find evidence for kSZ signatures out to apertures of 8 arcmin and beyond, corresponding to a physical radius of >1 Mpc, more than twice the mean virial radius of halos. This is consistent with the predictions from hydrodynamical simulations that most of the baryons are outside the virialized halos. We fit a simple model, in which the temperature-velocity cross-correlation is proportional to the signal seen in a semi-analytic model built upon N-body simulations, and interpret the proportionality constant as an effective optical depth to Thomson scattering. We find τT = (1.4 ± 0.5) × 10-4; the simplest interpretation of this measurement is that much of the gas is in a diffuse phase, which contributes little signal to X-ray or thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich observations.",

author = "P.A.R Ade and N. Aghanim and M. Arnaud and M. Ashdown and E. Aubourg and J. Aumont and C. Baccigalupi and A.J. Banday and R.B. Barreiro and N. Bartolo and E. Battaner and Christensen, {Per Rex} and Frejsel, {Anne Mette} and Pavel Nasselski and Novikov, {Igor Dmitrievich} and N{\o}rgaard-Nielsen, {Hans Ulrik}",

year = "2016",

month = feb,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/201526328",

language = "English",

volume = "586",

journal = "Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series",

issn = "0004-6361",

publisher = "E D P Sciences",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Planck intermediate results. XXXVII. Evidence of unbound gas from the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect

AU - Ade, P.A.R

AU - Aghanim, N.

AU - Arnaud, M.

AU - Ashdown, M.

AU - Aubourg, E.

AU - Aumont, J.

AU - Baccigalupi, C.

AU - Banday, A.J.

AU - Barreiro, R.B.

AU - Bartolo, N.

AU - Battaner, E.

AU - Christensen, Per Rex

AU - Frejsel, Anne Mette

AU - Nasselski, Pavel

AU - Novikov, Igor Dmitrievich

AU - Nørgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik

PY - 2016/2/1

Y1 - 2016/2/1

N2 - By looking at the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect (kSZ) in Planck nominal mission data, we present a significant detection of baryons participating in large-scale bulk flows around central galaxies (CGs) at redshift z ≈ 0.1. We estimate the pairwise momentum of the kSZ temperature fluctuations at the positions of the Central Galaxy Catalogue (CGC) samples extracted from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-DR7) data. For the foreground-cleaned SEVEM, SMICA, NILC, and COMMANDER maps, we find 1.8-2.5σ detections of the kSZ signal, which are consistent with the kSZ evidence found in individual Planck raw frequency maps, although lower than found in the WMAP-9yr W-band (3.3σ). We further reconstruct the peculiar velocity field from the CG density field, and compute for the first time the cross-correlation function between kSZ temperature fluctuations and estimates of CG radial peculiar velocities. This correlation function yields a 3.0-3.7σ detection of the peculiar motion of extended gas on Mpc scales in flows correlated up to distances of 80-100 h-1 Mpc. Both the pairwise momentum estimates and the kSZ temperature-velocity field correlation find evidence for kSZ signatures out to apertures of 8 arcmin and beyond, corresponding to a physical radius of >1 Mpc, more than twice the mean virial radius of halos. This is consistent with the predictions from hydrodynamical simulations that most of the baryons are outside the virialized halos. We fit a simple model, in which the temperature-velocity cross-correlation is proportional to the signal seen in a semi-analytic model built upon N-body simulations, and interpret the proportionality constant as an effective optical depth to Thomson scattering. We find τT = (1.4 ± 0.5) × 10-4; the simplest interpretation of this measurement is that much of the gas is in a diffuse phase, which contributes little signal to X-ray or thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich observations.

AB - By looking at the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect (kSZ) in Planck nominal mission data, we present a significant detection of baryons participating in large-scale bulk flows around central galaxies (CGs) at redshift z ≈ 0.1. We estimate the pairwise momentum of the kSZ temperature fluctuations at the positions of the Central Galaxy Catalogue (CGC) samples extracted from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-DR7) data. For the foreground-cleaned SEVEM, SMICA, NILC, and COMMANDER maps, we find 1.8-2.5σ detections of the kSZ signal, which are consistent with the kSZ evidence found in individual Planck raw frequency maps, although lower than found in the WMAP-9yr W-band (3.3σ). We further reconstruct the peculiar velocity field from the CG density field, and compute for the first time the cross-correlation function between kSZ temperature fluctuations and estimates of CG radial peculiar velocities. This correlation function yields a 3.0-3.7σ detection of the peculiar motion of extended gas on Mpc scales in flows correlated up to distances of 80-100 h-1 Mpc. Both the pairwise momentum estimates and the kSZ temperature-velocity field correlation find evidence for kSZ signatures out to apertures of 8 arcmin and beyond, corresponding to a physical radius of >1 Mpc, more than twice the mean virial radius of halos. This is consistent with the predictions from hydrodynamical simulations that most of the baryons are outside the virialized halos. We fit a simple model, in which the temperature-velocity cross-correlation is proportional to the signal seen in a semi-analytic model built upon N-body simulations, and interpret the proportionality constant as an effective optical depth to Thomson scattering. We find τT = (1.4 ± 0.5) × 10-4; the simplest interpretation of this measurement is that much of the gas is in a diffuse phase, which contributes little signal to X-ray or thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich observations.

U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/201526328

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/201526328

M3 - Journal article

SN - 0004-6361

VL - 586

JO - Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series

JF - Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series

M1 - A140

ER -

Planck intermediate results. XXXVII. Evidence of unbound gas from the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect

Abstract

Access to Document

Fingerprint

Cite this