Persistence and leaching potential of microorganisms and mineral N in animal manure applied to intact soil columns

TY - JOUR

T1 - Persistence and leaching potential of microorganisms and mineral N in animal manure applied to intact soil columns

AU - Amin, Mostofa

AU - Forslund, Anita

AU - Bui, Thanh Xuan

AU - Juhler, René K.

AU - Petersen, Søren O.

AU - Lægdsmand, Mette

PY - 2013/1

Y1 - 2013/1

N2 - Pathogens may reach agricultural soils through application of animal manure and thereby pose a risk of contaminating crops as well as surface and groundwater. Treatment and handling of manure for improved nutrient and odor management may also influence the amount and fate of manure-borne pathogensin the soil. A study was conducted to investigate the leaching potentials of a phage (Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium bacteriophage 28B) and two bacteria, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus species, in a liquid fraction of raw pig slurry obtained by solid-liquid separation of this slurry and inthis liquid fraction after ozonation, when applied to intact soil columns by subsurface injection. We also compared leaching potentials of surface-applied and subsurface-injected raw slurry. The columns were exposed to irrigation events (3.5-h period at 10mmh1) after 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks of incubationwith collection of leachate. By the end of incubation, the distribution and survival of microorganisms in the soil of each treatment and in nonirrigated columns with injected raw slurry or liquid fraction were determined. E. coli in the leachates was quantified by both plate counts and quantitative PCR(qPCR) to assess the proportions of culturable and nonculturable (viable and nonviable) cells. Solid-liquid separation of slurry increased the redistribution in soil of contaminants in the liquid fraction compared to raw slurry, and the percent recovery of E. coli and Enterococcus species was higher forthe liquid fraction than for raw slurry after the four leaching events. The liquid fractionalso resulted in more leaching of all contaminants except Enterococcus species than did raw slurry. Ozonation reduced E. coli leaching only. Injection enhanced the leaching potential of the microorganisms investigated compared to surface application, probably because of a better survival with subsurface injection and a shorter leaching path.

AB - Pathogens may reach agricultural soils through application of animal manure and thereby pose a risk of contaminating crops as well as surface and groundwater. Treatment and handling of manure for improved nutrient and odor management may also influence the amount and fate of manure-borne pathogensin the soil. A study was conducted to investigate the leaching potentials of a phage (Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium bacteriophage 28B) and two bacteria, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus species, in a liquid fraction of raw pig slurry obtained by solid-liquid separation of this slurry and inthis liquid fraction after ozonation, when applied to intact soil columns by subsurface injection. We also compared leaching potentials of surface-applied and subsurface-injected raw slurry. The columns were exposed to irrigation events (3.5-h period at 10mmh1) after 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks of incubationwith collection of leachate. By the end of incubation, the distribution and survival of microorganisms in the soil of each treatment and in nonirrigated columns with injected raw slurry or liquid fraction were determined. E. coli in the leachates was quantified by both plate counts and quantitative PCR(qPCR) to assess the proportions of culturable and nonculturable (viable and nonviable) cells. Solid-liquid separation of slurry increased the redistribution in soil of contaminants in the liquid fraction compared to raw slurry, and the percent recovery of E. coli and Enterococcus species was higher forthe liquid fraction than for raw slurry after the four leaching events. The liquid fractionalso resulted in more leaching of all contaminants except Enterococcus species than did raw slurry. Ozonation reduced E. coli leaching only. Injection enhanced the leaching potential of the microorganisms investigated compared to surface application, probably because of a better survival with subsurface injection and a shorter leaching path.

KW - Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences

KW - Concurrent infection

KW - Interaction

KW - Oesophagostomum dentatum

KW - Pigs

KW - Trichuris suis

U2 - 10.1128/AEM.02506-12

DO - 10.1128/AEM.02506-12

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 23124240

SN - 0099-2240

VL - 79

SP - 535

EP - 542

JO - Applied and Environmental Microbiology

JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology

IS - 2

ER -