Pathways for genome integrity in G2 phase of the cell cycle

TY - JOUR

T1 - Pathways for genome integrity in G2 phase of the cell cycle

AU - Kousholt, Arne Nedergaard

AU - Menzel, Tobias

AU - Sørensen, Claus Storgaard

PY - 2012/1/1

Y1 - 2012/1/1

N2 - The maintenance of genome integrity is important for normal cellular functions, organism development and the prevention of diseases, such as cancer. Cellular pathways respond immediately to DNA breaks leading to the initiation of a multi-facetted DNA damage response, which leads to DNA repair and cell cycle arrest. Cell cycle checkpoints provide the cell time to complete replication and repair the DNA damage before it can continue to the next cell cycle phase. The G2/M checkpoint plays an especially important role in ensuring the propagation of error-free copies of the genome to each daughter cell. Here, we review recent progress in our understanding of DNA repair and checkpoint pathways in late S and G2 phases. This review will first describe the current understanding of normal cell cycle progression through G2 phase to mitosis. It will also discuss the DNA damage response including cell cycle checkpoint control and DNA double-strand break repair. Finally, we discuss the emerging concept that DNA repair pathways play a major role in the G2/M checkpoint pathway thereby blocking cell division as long as DNA lesions are present.

AB - The maintenance of genome integrity is important for normal cellular functions, organism development and the prevention of diseases, such as cancer. Cellular pathways respond immediately to DNA breaks leading to the initiation of a multi-facetted DNA damage response, which leads to DNA repair and cell cycle arrest. Cell cycle checkpoints provide the cell time to complete replication and repair the DNA damage before it can continue to the next cell cycle phase. The G2/M checkpoint plays an especially important role in ensuring the propagation of error-free copies of the genome to each daughter cell. Here, we review recent progress in our understanding of DNA repair and checkpoint pathways in late S and G2 phases. This review will first describe the current understanding of normal cell cycle progression through G2 phase to mitosis. It will also discuss the DNA damage response including cell cycle checkpoint control and DNA double-strand break repair. Finally, we discuss the emerging concept that DNA repair pathways play a major role in the G2/M checkpoint pathway thereby blocking cell division as long as DNA lesions are present.

KW - DNA damage checkpoint

KW - DNA repair

KW - G2/M transition

KW - Genome integrity

KW - IR

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85016385729&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3390/biom2040579

DO - 10.3390/biom2040579

M3 - Review

AN - SCOPUS:85016385729

SN - 2218-273X

VL - 2

SP - 579

EP - 607

JO - Biomolecules

JF - Biomolecules

IS - 4

ER -