p-Phenylenediamine sensitization is more prevalent in central and southern European patch test centres than in Scandinavian: results from a multicentre study

Jacob Pontoppidan Thyssen; Klaus Ejner Andersen; Magnus Bruze; Thomas Diepgen; Ana M Giménez-Arnau; Margarida Gonçalo; An Goossens; Christophe Le Coz; John McFadden; Thomas Rustemeyer; Ian R White; Jonathan M White; Jeanne Duus Johansen

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0536.2009.01547.x

p-Phenylenediamine sensitization is more prevalent in central and southern European patch test centres than in Scandinavian: results from a multicentre study

Jacob Pontoppidan Thyssen, Klaus Ejner Andersen, Magnus Bruze, Thomas Diepgen, Ana M Giménez-Arnau, Margarida Gonçalo, An Goossens, Christophe Le Coz, John McFadden, Thomas Rustemeyer, Ian R White, Jonathan M White, Jeanne Duus Johansen

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56 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Positive patch test reactions to p-phenylenediamine (PPD) are common. PPD is used in oxidative hair dyes and is also present in dark henna temporary 'tattoos'. Cross-sensitization to other contact allergens may occur. Because subjects sensitized to PPD are at risk of clinically severe reactions upon hair dyeing, there is a need for 'current' prevalence data on PPD sensitization. OBJECTIVES: To compare PPD patch test results from dermatitis patients tested between 2003 and 2007 in 10 European patch test centres and to analyse the causes and determine relevance of positive PPD patch test reactions. MATERIALS: Patch testing was performed using PPD (1% free base in petrolatum from Trolab (Almirall Hermal GmbH, Reinbeck, Germany) or Chemotechnique (Malmö, Sweden), equivalent to 0.090 mg/cm(2) in the TRUE test from MEKOS Laboratories AS). Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-squared test. RESULTS: The weighted average prevalence was 4.6% among 21 515 patients. PPD sensitization occurred more often in centres located in Central and Southern Europe than in Scandinavian centres (odds ratio = 2.40; 95% confidence interval = 2.07-2.78). The overall proportion of positive patch test reactions to PPD that were registered as being of either current or 'past' relevance was high (weighted average 53.6% and 20.3%, respectively). Consumer hair dyeing was the most prominent cause of PPD sensitization (weighted average 41.8%). Furthermore, occupational hair dye exposure (10.6%) and cross-sensitization to textile dyes (12.6%) were frequently reported. CONCLUSIONS: PPD sensitization caused by exposure to hair dyes is frequent and remains a present problem for patients visiting contact dermatitis clinics, especially in patch test centres located in Central and Southern Europe.

Original language	English
Journal	Contact Dermatitis
Volume	60
Issue number	6
Pages (from-to)	314-9
Number of pages	5
ISSN	0105-1873
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.2009.01547.x
Publication status	Published - 2009

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Thyssen, J. P., Andersen, K. E., Bruze, M., Diepgen, T., Giménez-Arnau, A. M., Gonçalo, M., Goossens, A., Le Coz, C., McFadden, J., Rustemeyer, T., White, I. R., White, J. M., & Johansen, J. D. (2009). p-Phenylenediamine sensitization is more prevalent in central and southern European patch test centres than in Scandinavian: results from a multicentre study. Contact Dermatitis, 60(6), 314-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.2009.01547.x

p-Phenylenediamine sensitization is more prevalent in central and southern European patch test centres than in Scandinavian: results from a multicentre study. / Thyssen, Jacob Pontoppidan; Andersen, Klaus Ejner; Bruze, Magnus et al.

In: Contact Dermatitis, Vol. 60, No. 6, 2009, p. 314-9.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Thyssen, JP, Andersen, KE, Bruze, M, Diepgen, T, Giménez-Arnau, AM, Gonçalo, M, Goossens, A, Le Coz, C, McFadden, J, Rustemeyer, T, White, IR, White, JM & Johansen, JD 2009, 'p-Phenylenediamine sensitization is more prevalent in central and southern European patch test centres than in Scandinavian: results from a multicentre study', Contact Dermatitis, vol. 60, no. 6, pp. 314-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.2009.01547.x

@article{5a693690368111df8ed1000ea68e967b,

title = "p-Phenylenediamine sensitization is more prevalent in central and southern European patch test centres than in Scandinavian: results from a multicentre study",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Positive patch test reactions to p-phenylenediamine (PPD) are common. PPD is used in oxidative hair dyes and is also present in dark henna temporary 'tattoos'. Cross-sensitization to other contact allergens may occur. Because subjects sensitized to PPD are at risk of clinically severe reactions upon hair dyeing, there is a need for 'current' prevalence data on PPD sensitization. OBJECTIVES: To compare PPD patch test results from dermatitis patients tested between 2003 and 2007 in 10 European patch test centres and to analyse the causes and determine relevance of positive PPD patch test reactions. MATERIALS: Patch testing was performed using PPD (1% free base in petrolatum from Trolab (Almirall Hermal GmbH, Reinbeck, Germany) or Chemotechnique (Malm{\"o}, Sweden), equivalent to 0.090 mg/cm(2) in the TRUE test from MEKOS Laboratories AS). Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-squared test. RESULTS: The weighted average prevalence was 4.6% among 21 515 patients. PPD sensitization occurred more often in centres located in Central and Southern Europe than in Scandinavian centres (odds ratio = 2.40; 95% confidence interval = 2.07-2.78). The overall proportion of positive patch test reactions to PPD that were registered as being of either current or 'past' relevance was high (weighted average 53.6% and 20.3%, respectively). Consumer hair dyeing was the most prominent cause of PPD sensitization (weighted average 41.8%). Furthermore, occupational hair dye exposure (10.6%) and cross-sensitization to textile dyes (12.6%) were frequently reported. CONCLUSIONS: PPD sensitization caused by exposure to hair dyes is frequent and remains a present problem for patients visiting contact dermatitis clinics, especially in patch test centres located in Central and Southern Europe.",

author = "Thyssen, {Jacob Pontoppidan} and Andersen, {Klaus Ejner} and Magnus Bruze and Thomas Diepgen and Gim{\'e}nez-Arnau, {Ana M} and Margarida Gon{\c c}alo and An Goossens and {Le Coz}, Christophe and John McFadden and Thomas Rustemeyer and White, {Ian R} and White, {Jonathan M} and Johansen, {Jeanne Duus}",

note = "Keywords: Adult; Allergens; Coloring Agents; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Dermatitis, Occupational; Europe; Female; Hair Dyes; Humans; Male; Patch Tests; Phenylenediamines; Prevalence; Scandinavia",

year = "2009",

doi = "10.1111/j.1600-0536.2009.01547.x",

language = "English",

volume = "60",

pages = "314--9",

journal = "Contact Dermatitis",

issn = "0105-1873",

publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",

number = "6",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - p-Phenylenediamine sensitization is more prevalent in central and southern European patch test centres than in Scandinavian: results from a multicentre study

AU - Thyssen, Jacob Pontoppidan

AU - Andersen, Klaus Ejner

AU - Bruze, Magnus

AU - Diepgen, Thomas

AU - Giménez-Arnau, Ana M

AU - Gonçalo, Margarida

AU - Goossens, An

AU - Le Coz, Christophe

AU - McFadden, John

AU - Rustemeyer, Thomas

AU - White, Ian R

AU - White, Jonathan M

AU - Johansen, Jeanne Duus

N1 - Keywords: Adult; Allergens; Coloring Agents; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Dermatitis, Occupational; Europe; Female; Hair Dyes; Humans; Male; Patch Tests; Phenylenediamines; Prevalence; Scandinavia

PY - 2009

Y1 - 2009

N2 - BACKGROUND: Positive patch test reactions to p-phenylenediamine (PPD) are common. PPD is used in oxidative hair dyes and is also present in dark henna temporary 'tattoos'. Cross-sensitization to other contact allergens may occur. Because subjects sensitized to PPD are at risk of clinically severe reactions upon hair dyeing, there is a need for 'current' prevalence data on PPD sensitization. OBJECTIVES: To compare PPD patch test results from dermatitis patients tested between 2003 and 2007 in 10 European patch test centres and to analyse the causes and determine relevance of positive PPD patch test reactions. MATERIALS: Patch testing was performed using PPD (1% free base in petrolatum from Trolab (Almirall Hermal GmbH, Reinbeck, Germany) or Chemotechnique (Malmö, Sweden), equivalent to 0.090 mg/cm(2) in the TRUE test from MEKOS Laboratories AS). Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-squared test. RESULTS: The weighted average prevalence was 4.6% among 21 515 patients. PPD sensitization occurred more often in centres located in Central and Southern Europe than in Scandinavian centres (odds ratio = 2.40; 95% confidence interval = 2.07-2.78). The overall proportion of positive patch test reactions to PPD that were registered as being of either current or 'past' relevance was high (weighted average 53.6% and 20.3%, respectively). Consumer hair dyeing was the most prominent cause of PPD sensitization (weighted average 41.8%). Furthermore, occupational hair dye exposure (10.6%) and cross-sensitization to textile dyes (12.6%) were frequently reported. CONCLUSIONS: PPD sensitization caused by exposure to hair dyes is frequent and remains a present problem for patients visiting contact dermatitis clinics, especially in patch test centres located in Central and Southern Europe.

AB - BACKGROUND: Positive patch test reactions to p-phenylenediamine (PPD) are common. PPD is used in oxidative hair dyes and is also present in dark henna temporary 'tattoos'. Cross-sensitization to other contact allergens may occur. Because subjects sensitized to PPD are at risk of clinically severe reactions upon hair dyeing, there is a need for 'current' prevalence data on PPD sensitization. OBJECTIVES: To compare PPD patch test results from dermatitis patients tested between 2003 and 2007 in 10 European patch test centres and to analyse the causes and determine relevance of positive PPD patch test reactions. MATERIALS: Patch testing was performed using PPD (1% free base in petrolatum from Trolab (Almirall Hermal GmbH, Reinbeck, Germany) or Chemotechnique (Malmö, Sweden), equivalent to 0.090 mg/cm(2) in the TRUE test from MEKOS Laboratories AS). Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-squared test. RESULTS: The weighted average prevalence was 4.6% among 21 515 patients. PPD sensitization occurred more often in centres located in Central and Southern Europe than in Scandinavian centres (odds ratio = 2.40; 95% confidence interval = 2.07-2.78). The overall proportion of positive patch test reactions to PPD that were registered as being of either current or 'past' relevance was high (weighted average 53.6% and 20.3%, respectively). Consumer hair dyeing was the most prominent cause of PPD sensitization (weighted average 41.8%). Furthermore, occupational hair dye exposure (10.6%) and cross-sensitization to textile dyes (12.6%) were frequently reported. CONCLUSIONS: PPD sensitization caused by exposure to hair dyes is frequent and remains a present problem for patients visiting contact dermatitis clinics, especially in patch test centres located in Central and Southern Europe.

U2 - 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2009.01547.x

DO - 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2009.01547.x

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 19489965

SN - 0105-1873

VL - 60

SP - 314

EP - 319

JO - Contact Dermatitis

JF - Contact Dermatitis

IS - 6

ER -

p-Phenylenediamine sensitization is more prevalent in central and southern European patch test centres than in Scandinavian: results from a multicentre study

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