Overview of structure and function of mammalian cilia

Peter Satir; Søren Tvorup Christensen

doi:10.1146/annurev.physiol.69.040705.141236

Overview of structure and function of mammalian cilia

Peter Satir, Søren Tvorup Christensen

Cell Biology and Physiology

626 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Cilia are membrane-bounded, centriole-derived projections from the cell surface that contain a microtubule cytoskeleton, the ciliary axoneme, surrounded by a ciliary membrane. Axonemes in multiciliated cells of mammalian epithelia are 9 + 2, possess dynein arms, and are motile. In contrast, single nonmotile 9 + 0 primary cilia are found on epithelial cells, such as those of the kidney tubule, but also on nonepithelial cells, such as chondrocytes, fibroblasts, and neurons. The ciliary membranes of all cilia contain specific receptors and ion channel proteins that initiate signaling pathways controlling motility and/or linking mechanical or chemical stimuli, including sonic hedgehog and growth factors, to intracellular transduction cascades regulating differentiation, migration, and cell growth during development and in adulthood. Unique motile 9 + 0 cilia, found during development at the embryonic node, determine left-right asymmetry of the body.

Original language	English
Journal	Annual Review of Physiology
Volume	69
Pages (from-to)	377-400
Number of pages	23
ISSN	0066-4278
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.physiol.69.040705.141236
Publication status	Published - 2007

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title = "Overview of structure and function of mammalian cilia",

abstract = "Cilia are membrane-bounded, centriole-derived projections from the cell surface that contain a microtubule cytoskeleton, the ciliary axoneme, surrounded by a ciliary membrane. Axonemes in multiciliated cells of mammalian epithelia are 9 + 2, possess dynein arms, and are motile. In contrast, single nonmotile 9 + 0 primary cilia are found on epithelial cells, such as those of the kidney tubule, but also on nonepithelial cells, such as chondrocytes, fibroblasts, and neurons. The ciliary membranes of all cilia contain specific receptors and ion channel proteins that initiate signaling pathways controlling motility and/or linking mechanical or chemical stimuli, including sonic hedgehog and growth factors, to intracellular transduction cascades regulating differentiation, migration, and cell growth during development and in adulthood. Unique motile 9 + 0 cilia, found during development at the embryonic node, determine left-right asymmetry of the body.",

author = "Peter Satir and Christensen, {S{\o}ren Tvorup}",

note = "Keywords: Animals; Cilia; Connective Tissue; Hedgehog Proteins; Humans; Mammals; Movement; Wnt Proteins",

year = "2007",

doi = "10.1146/annurev.physiol.69.040705.141236",

language = "English",

volume = "69",

pages = "377--400",

journal = "Annual Review of Physiology",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Overview of structure and function of mammalian cilia

AU - Satir, Peter

AU - Christensen, Søren Tvorup

N1 - Keywords: Animals; Cilia; Connective Tissue; Hedgehog Proteins; Humans; Mammals; Movement; Wnt Proteins

PY - 2007

Y1 - 2007

N2 - Cilia are membrane-bounded, centriole-derived projections from the cell surface that contain a microtubule cytoskeleton, the ciliary axoneme, surrounded by a ciliary membrane. Axonemes in multiciliated cells of mammalian epithelia are 9 + 2, possess dynein arms, and are motile. In contrast, single nonmotile 9 + 0 primary cilia are found on epithelial cells, such as those of the kidney tubule, but also on nonepithelial cells, such as chondrocytes, fibroblasts, and neurons. The ciliary membranes of all cilia contain specific receptors and ion channel proteins that initiate signaling pathways controlling motility and/or linking mechanical or chemical stimuli, including sonic hedgehog and growth factors, to intracellular transduction cascades regulating differentiation, migration, and cell growth during development and in adulthood. Unique motile 9 + 0 cilia, found during development at the embryonic node, determine left-right asymmetry of the body.

AB - Cilia are membrane-bounded, centriole-derived projections from the cell surface that contain a microtubule cytoskeleton, the ciliary axoneme, surrounded by a ciliary membrane. Axonemes in multiciliated cells of mammalian epithelia are 9 + 2, possess dynein arms, and are motile. In contrast, single nonmotile 9 + 0 primary cilia are found on epithelial cells, such as those of the kidney tubule, but also on nonepithelial cells, such as chondrocytes, fibroblasts, and neurons. The ciliary membranes of all cilia contain specific receptors and ion channel proteins that initiate signaling pathways controlling motility and/or linking mechanical or chemical stimuli, including sonic hedgehog and growth factors, to intracellular transduction cascades regulating differentiation, migration, and cell growth during development and in adulthood. Unique motile 9 + 0 cilia, found during development at the embryonic node, determine left-right asymmetry of the body.

U2 - 10.1146/annurev.physiol.69.040705.141236

DO - 10.1146/annurev.physiol.69.040705.141236

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 17009929

SN - 0066-4278

VL - 69

SP - 377

EP - 400

JO - Annual Review of Physiology

JF - Annual Review of Physiology

ER -

Overview of structure and function of mammalian cilia

Abstract

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