NMR insights on the properties of ZnCl2 molten salt hydrate medium through its interaction with SnCl4 and fructose

Yan Qiao; Christian Marcus Pedersen; Yingxiong Wang; Xianglin Hou

doi:10.1021/sc5004693

NMR insights on the properties of ZnCl₂ molten salt hydrate medium through its interaction with SnCl₄ and fructose

Yan Qiao, Christian Marcus Pedersen, Yingxiong Wang, Xianglin Hou^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Chemistry

18 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The solvent properties of ZnCl₂ molten salt medium and its synergic effect with the Lewis acid catalyst, Sn⁴⁺, for biomass conversion, were investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance. The tautomeric distribution of fructose in the ZnCl₂ molten salt medium was examined, and its effect for humins formation during the biomass conversion was evaluated. The ion complex composed by Sn⁴⁺ and Zn²⁺ indicated that there is a synergic catalytic effect between these two Lewis acid ions. ¹³C NMR spectra of fructose in different ZnCl₂ molten salt hydrate concentrations revealed that the concentration of β-furanose and α-furanose tautomers, which lead to 5-HMF, were significantly decreased with increased salt concentration. Meanwhile the β-pyranose tautomer, which is correlated with humins formation, was increased significantly.

Original language	English
Journal	A C S Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
Volume	2
Issue number	11
Pages (from-to)	2576-2581
Number of pages	6
ISSN	2168-0485
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/sc5004693
Publication status	Published - 2014

Keywords

5-HMF
Fructose
Molten salt hydrate medium
NMR
ZnCl

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10.1021/sc5004693

Cite this

@article{1fa2765c735d4fecbb8788325c93c8e2,

title = "NMR insights on the properties of ZnCl2 molten salt hydrate medium through its interaction with SnCl4 and fructose",

abstract = "The solvent properties of ZnCl2 molten salt medium and its synergic effect with the Lewis acid catalyst, Sn4+, for biomass conversion, were investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance. The tautomeric distribution of fructose in the ZnCl2 molten salt medium was examined, and its effect for humins formation during the biomass conversion was evaluated. The ion complex composed by Sn4+ and Zn2+ indicated that there is a synergic catalytic effect between these two Lewis acid ions. 13C NMR spectra of fructose in different ZnCl2 molten salt hydrate concentrations revealed that the concentration of β-furanose and α-furanose tautomers, which lead to 5-HMF, were significantly decreased with increased salt concentration. Meanwhile the β-pyranose tautomer, which is correlated with humins formation, was increased significantly.",

keywords = "5-HMF, Fructose, Molten salt hydrate medium, NMR, ZnCl",

author = "Yan Qiao and Pedersen, {Christian Marcus} and Yingxiong Wang and Xianglin Hou",

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language = "English",

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journal = "A C S Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - NMR insights on the properties of ZnCl2 molten salt hydrate medium through its interaction with SnCl4 and fructose

AU - Qiao, Yan

AU - Pedersen, Christian Marcus

AU - Wang, Yingxiong

AU - Hou, Xianglin

PY - 2014

Y1 - 2014

N2 - The solvent properties of ZnCl2 molten salt medium and its synergic effect with the Lewis acid catalyst, Sn4+, for biomass conversion, were investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance. The tautomeric distribution of fructose in the ZnCl2 molten salt medium was examined, and its effect for humins formation during the biomass conversion was evaluated. The ion complex composed by Sn4+ and Zn2+ indicated that there is a synergic catalytic effect between these two Lewis acid ions. 13C NMR spectra of fructose in different ZnCl2 molten salt hydrate concentrations revealed that the concentration of β-furanose and α-furanose tautomers, which lead to 5-HMF, were significantly decreased with increased salt concentration. Meanwhile the β-pyranose tautomer, which is correlated with humins formation, was increased significantly.

AB - The solvent properties of ZnCl2 molten salt medium and its synergic effect with the Lewis acid catalyst, Sn4+, for biomass conversion, were investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance. The tautomeric distribution of fructose in the ZnCl2 molten salt medium was examined, and its effect for humins formation during the biomass conversion was evaluated. The ion complex composed by Sn4+ and Zn2+ indicated that there is a synergic catalytic effect between these two Lewis acid ions. 13C NMR spectra of fructose in different ZnCl2 molten salt hydrate concentrations revealed that the concentration of β-furanose and α-furanose tautomers, which lead to 5-HMF, were significantly decreased with increased salt concentration. Meanwhile the β-pyranose tautomer, which is correlated with humins formation, was increased significantly.

KW - 5-HMF

KW - Fructose

KW - Molten salt hydrate medium

KW - NMR

KW - ZnCl

U2 - 10.1021/sc5004693

DO - 10.1021/sc5004693

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:84908537543

SN - 2168-0485

VL - 2

SP - 2576

EP - 2581

JO - A C S Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

JF - A C S Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering

IS - 11